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齿叶白鹃梅Exochorda serratifolia S. Moore

齿叶白鹃梅Exochorda serratifolia S. Moore

别名:白鹃梅;臭老婆条子;柳樱;锐齿白鹃梅;榆叶白鹃梅;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:白鹃梅属 Exochorda

《中国植物志》第36卷100页
  3. 齿叶白鹃梅(中国树木分类学)榆叶白鹃梅(东北木本植物图志),锐齿白鹃梅(经济植物手册)图版16:8-10
  Exochorda serratifolia S. Moore in Hook. Ic. Pl. 13: t. 1255. 1877; Maxim in Acta Hort. Petrop. 6: 231. 1879; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 4: 10. t. 2. 1916; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学493.图389. 1937; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志289. 1955.
  落叶灌木,高达2米;小枝圆柱形,无毛,幼时红紫色,老时暗褐色;冬芽卵形,先端圆钝,无毛或近于无毛,紫红色。叶片椭圆形或长圆倒卵形,长5-9厘米,宽3-5厘米,先端急尖或圆钝,基部楔形或宽楔形,中部以上有锐锯齿,下面全缘,幼叶下面微被柔毛,老叶两面均无毛,羽状网脉,侧脉微呈弧形;叶柄长1-2厘米,无毛,不具托叶。总状花序,有花4-7朵,无毛,花梗长2-3毫米;花直径3-4厘米;萼筒浅钟状,无毛;萼片三角卵形,先端急尖,全缘,无毛;花瓣长圆形至倒卵形,先端微凹,基部有长爪,白色;雄蕊25,着生在花盘边缘,花丝极短;心皮5,花柱分离。蒴果倒圆锥形,具,脊稜,5室,无毛。花期5-6月,果期7-8月。
  产辽宁(千山)、河北(雾灵山)。生于山坡、河边、灌木丛中。模式标本采自辽宁千山。朝鲜也有分布。
形态特征:落叶灌木,高达2米;小枝圆柱形,无毛,幼时红紫色,老时暗褐色;冬芽卵形,先 端圆钝,无毛或近于无毛,紫红色。叶片椭圆形或长圆倒卵形,长5--9厘米,宽3—5 厘米,先端急尖或圆钝,基部楔形或宽楔形,中部以上有锐锯齿,下面全缘,幼叶下面 微被柔毛,老叶两面均无毛,羽状网脉,侧脉微呈弧形;叶柄长1—2厘米,无毛,不具 托叶。总状花序,有花4--7朵,无毛,花梗长2—3毫米;花直径3—4厘米;萼筒浅钟 状,无毛;萼片三角卵形,先端急尖,全缘,无毛;花瓣长圆形至倒卵形,先端微凹,基部 有长爪,白色;雄蕊25,着生在花盘边缘,花丝极短;心皮5,花柱分离。蒴果倒圆锥 形,具5脊棱,5室,无毛。 花期5—6月,果期7--8月。
产地分布:产辽宁(千山)、河北(雾灵山)。生于山坡、河边、灌木丛中。模式标本采自辽宁 千山。朝鲜也有分布。
参考文献:Exochorda serratifolia S.Moore ln Hook.Ic. Pl.13:t.1255.1877;Maximin Acta Hort Petrop 6:231.1879;Nakai,Fl.Sylv.Kor.4:10.T.2.1916;陈嵘,中 国树木分类学,493.图389:1937:刘慎谔等,东北木本植物图志289.1955

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Exochorda serratifolia  S. Moore
齿叶白鹃梅   chi ye bai juan mei
Exochorda racemosa (Lindley) Rehder subsp. serratifolia (S. Moore) F. Y. Gao & Maesen.
Shrubs to 2 m tall. Branchlets red-purple when young, later dark purple; buds purple-red, ovoid, apex obtuse. Petiole 1–2 cm, glabrous; leaf blade elliptic to oblong-ovate, 5–9 × 3–5 cm, slightly pubescent when young, later glabrous, base cuneate or broadly so, margin entire below middle, serrate above middle, apex obtuse or acute. Raceme 3–4 cm, 4–7-flowered; peduncle and pedicels glabrous; bracts linear-lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Flowers 3–4 cm in diam.; pedicel 2–3 mm. Hypanthium shallowly campanulate, glabrous. Sepals triangular, ca. 2 mm, glabrous, apex acute. Petals oblong to obovate, ca. 1.5 × 1 cm, base long clawed, apex emarginate. Stamens ca. 25, 2–4-fascicled. Capsule glabrous; fruiting pedicel 2–3 mm. Fl. May–Jun, fr. Jul–Aug.
Scrub, slopes, river sides. NE Hebei (Wuling Shan), Liaoning (Qian Shan) [Korea].
Exochorda serratifolia var. polytricha C. S. Zhu (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32: 432. 1994), described from N Henan (Jiyuan Xian), was said to differ in having the current year’s branchlets, petioles, leaf blades abaxially, inflorescence rachis, and pedicels all densely white crispate pubescent.

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