别名：八担杏;巴旦杏;

科名：蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名：桃属 Amygdalus

《中国植物志》第38卷011页
  1. 扁桃（中国树木分类学）　巴旦杏（维语），八担杏（授时通考）
  Amygdalus communis L. Sp. P1. 473. 1753; Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 2. 19: 115. 1843; Lincz. & Fedorov in Kom. Fl. URSS 10: 524. 1941; 俞德浚, 中国果树分类学 35. 图9. 1979. —— Prunus amygdalus Batsch, Beytr. Entw. Pragm. Gesch Natur. 1: 30. 1801; Stokes in Bot. Med. 3: 101. 1812. —— Prunus communis Fritsch in Sitzber. Math.-Nat. Cl. Aead. Wiss.Wien. 632. 1892, non Hudson 1762; Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubh. 1: 592. 1905; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 471. 图364. 1937.
种中文名：扁桃
种拉丁名：Amygdalus communis Linn.
种别名  ：巴旦杏，八担杏
国内分布：产云南东南部、贵州南部、广西南部。
海    拔：290-600
命名来源：[Fl. Yunnan. 2: 368.pl. 113: 1-5. 1979]
中国植物志：38:011
组中文名：扁桃组
组拉丁名：Sect．Amygdalus
亚属中文名：扁桃亚属
亚属拉丁名：Subg. Amygdalus
属中文名：桃属
属拉丁名：Amygdalus
亚科中文名：李亚科
亚科拉丁名：PRUNOIDEAE FOCKE
科中文名：蔷薇科
科拉丁名：Rosaceae
纲中文名：双子叶植物纲
纲拉丁名：DICOTYLEDONEAE
门中文名：被子植物门
门拉丁名：ANGIOSPERMAE
参考文献：Amygdalus communis L．Sp·P1．473．1753：Spach in Ann．Sci．Nat．Bot．Ser。 2．19：115．1843；Lincz．&Fedorov in Kom．Fl．URSS 10：524．1941；俞德浚， 中国果 树分类学35．图9．1979．——Prunus amygdalus Batsch，Beytr．Entw．Pragm．Gesch， Natur．1：30．1801；Stokes in Bot．Med．3：101．1812．——Prunus communis Fritsch ia． Sitzber．Math．—Nat．C1．Acad．Wiss．Wien．632．1892，non Hudson 1762； Schneid． 111- Handb．Laubh．1：592．1905： 陈嵘，中国树木分类学471．图364．1937。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Amygdalus communis  Linnaeus
扁桃   bian tao
Amygdalus amara Duhamel; A. communis var. amara (Duhamel) Candolle; A. communis var. dulcis (Miller) Candolle; A. communis var. fragilis (Borkhausen) Seringe; A. dulcis Miller; A. fragilis Borkhausen; A. sativa Miller; Prunus amygdalus (Linnaeus) Batsch; P. amygdalus var. amara (Duhamel) Focke; P. amygdalus var. dulcis (Miller) Koehne; P. amygdalus var. fragilis (Borkhausen) Focke; P. amygdalus var. sativa (Miller) Focke; P. communis (Linnaeus) Arcangeli (1882), not Hudson (1762); P. communis var. dulcis (Miller) Borkhausen; P. communis var. fragilis (Borkhausen) Focke; P. communis var. sativa (Miller) Focke; P. dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb; P. dulcis var. amara (Duhamel) H. L. Moore.
Trees or shrubs, (2–)3–6(–8) m tall. Branches erect or horizontally spreading, unarmed, with many short branchlets, glabrous; previous year’s branchlets brownish, grayish brown to grayish black with age. Winter buds brownish, ovoid, 3–5 mm, glabrous. Leaves variable, those on previous year’s branches usually alternate, those on short branches approximate and often fascicled; petiole 1–2(–3) cm, glabrous, with 2 to 4 nectaries at apex or at base of leaf blade; leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 3–6(–9) × 1–2.5 cm, slightly pilose when young, glabrescent, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin shallowly densely serrate, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Flowers solitary, opening before leaves. Pedicel 3–4 mm, 4–10 mm in fruit, glabrous. Hypanthium cylindrical, (5–)6–8 × 3–5 mm, outside glabrous. Sepals broadly oblong to broadly lanceolate, 5–6 mm, outside glabrous, margin pubescent, apex obtuse. Petals white or pinkish, oblong to obovate-oblong, 1.2–2 × 0.7–1.1 cm, base tapering to a narrow claw, apex obtuse to emarginate. Stamens unequal in length. Ovary densely tomentose. Style longer than stamens. Drupe obliquely ovoid to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 3–4.3 × 2–3 cm, densely pubescent, base mostly subtruncate, apex pointed to somewhat obtuse; mesocarp thin, splitting at maturity; endocarp yellowish white to brown, ovoid, broadly ellipsoid, or shortly oblong, asymmetric on both sides, 2.5–3(–4) cm, hard to fragile, ventral suture curved and ± acutely keeled, dorsal suture generally straight, surface smooth and pitted with or without shallow furrows, base obliquely truncate to orbicular-truncate. Seed sweet or bitter. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Jul–Aug.
Cultivated in Gansu, Shaanxi, Shandong, and Xinjiang [probably native to SW Asia].
Cultivated varieties of almonds have been named for whether the seeds are sweet or bitter and whether the endocarp is hard or fragile.