栏目

东亚唐棣Amelanchier asiatica (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl. ex Walp.

东亚唐棣Amelanchier asiatica (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endl. ex Walp.

别名:扶栘;毛扶(木+多);毛扶;唐棣;

科名:蔷薇科 Rosaceae

属名:唐棣属 Amelanchier

《中国植物志》第36卷404页
  2. 东亚唐棣
  Amelanchier asiatica (Sieb. & Zucc.) Endl. ex Walp. Rep. Bot. Syst. 2: 55. 1843; Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubh. 1: 736. f. 410 f-h. 412 a-b. 1906; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 6: 19. t. 1. 1916; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 12: 308. 1932. ——Aronia asiatica Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Jap. 1: 87. t. 42. 1839. ——Amelanchier japonica Hort. ex K. Koch, Dendr. 1: 179. 1869. pro syn.——Amelanchier asiatica var. typica Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubh. 1: 736. 1906. ——Amelanchier canadensis var. asiatica Koidz. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 23: 171. 1909. ——Pirus taqueti Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 7: 199. 1909.——Pirus vanioti Levl. l. c. 200. 1909.
  落叶乔木或灌木,高达12米,枝条开展;小枝细弱,微曲,圆柱形,幼时被灰白色绵毛,以后脱落,老时呈黑褐色,散生长圆形浅色皮孔;冬芽显著,长圆锥形,浅褐色,鳞片边缘被柔毛。叶片卵形至长椭圆形,稀卵状披针形,长4-6厘米,宽2.5-3.5厘米,先端急尖,基部圆形或近心形,边缘有细锐锯齿,齿尖微向内合拢,幼时下面密被灰白色或黄褐色绒毛,逐渐脱落减少或近于无毛;叶柄长1-1.5厘米,幼时被灰白色绒毛,以后脱落;托叶膜质,线形,长8-12毫米,有睫毛,早落。总状花序,下垂,长4-7厘米,宽3-5厘米;总花梗和花梗幼时均被白色绒毛,以后脱落,花梗细,长1.5-2.5厘米;苞片膜质,线状披针形,早落;花直径3-3.5厘米;萼筒钟状,外面密被绒毛;萼片披针形,长约8毫米,先端渐尖,全缘,相当萼筒的2倍,内面微有绒毛,外面近于无毛;花瓣细长,长圆披针形或卵状披针形,长1.5-2厘米,宽5-7毫米,先端急尖,白色;雄蕊15-20,较花瓣短约5-7倍;花柱4-5,大部分合生,基部被绒毛,比雄蕊稍长,柱头头状。果实近球形或扁球形,直径1-1.5厘米,蓝黑色;萼片宿存,反折。花期4-5月,果期8-9月。
  产浙江(天目山)、安徽(黄山)、江西(幕阜山)。生山坡、溪旁、混交林中,海拔1000-2000米。日本和朝鲜亦有分布。
  本种和唐棣 A. sinica (Schneid.) Chun 极为相似,但后者幼枝、花梗、萼筒等均近于无毛,叶片仅上半部有细锐锯齿,可以区别。
形态特征:落叶乔木或灌木,高达12米,枝条开展;小枝细弱,微曲,圆柱形,幼时被灰白色绵毛,以后脱落,老时呈黑褐色,散生长圆形浅色皮孔;冬芽显著,长圆锥形,浅褐色,鳞片边缘被柔毛。叶片卵形至长椭圆形,稀卵状披针形,长4—6厘米,宽2.5—3.5厘米,先端急尖,基部圆形或近心形,边缘有细锐锯齿,齿尖微向内合拢,幼时下面密被灰白色或萤褐色绒毛,逐渐脱落减少或近于无毛;叶柄长1—1.5厘米,幼时被灰白色绒毛,以后脱落;托叶膜质,线形,长8—12毫米,有睫毛,早落。总状花序,下垂,长4--7厘米,宽3—5厘米;总花梗和花梗幼时均被白色绒毛,以后脱落,花梗细,长1.5—2.5厘米;苞片膜质,线状披针形,早落;花直径3—3.5厘米;萼筒钟状,外面密被绒毛;萼片披针形,长约8毫米,先端渐尖,全缘,相当萼筒的2倍,内面微有绒毛,外面近于无毛;花瓣细长,长圆披针形或卵状披针形,长1.5—2厘米,宽5—7毫米,先端急尖,白色;雄蕊15—20,较花瓣短约5—7倍;花柱4—5,大部分合生,基部被绒毛,比雄蕊稍长,柱头头状。果实近球形或扁球形,直径1—1.5厘米,蓝黑色;萼片宿存,反折。 花期4—5月,果期8—9月。
产地分布:产浙江(天目山)、安徽(黄山)、江西(幕阜山)。生山坡、溪旁、混交林中,海拔1000--2000米。日本和朝鲜亦有分布。
本种提示:本种和唐棣A.sinica (Schneid.)Chun极为相似,但后者幼枝、花梗、萼筒等均近于无毛,叶片仅上半部有细锐锯齿;可以区别。
参考文献:Amelanchier asiatica (Sieb.& Zucc.).Endl.Ex Walp Rep Bot.Syst.2:55.1843;Schneid.Ill.Handb.Laubh.1:736.F.410 f-h.412 a-b.1906;Nakai F1.Sylv.Kor 6:19.T.1.1916;Rehd.In Journ.Arn.Arb.12:308.1932.---Aronia asiaticaSieb.& Zucc F1.Jap 1:87.T.42.1839.----Amelanchier japonicaHort.Ex K.KGch,Dendr.1:179.1869.pro syn. Amelanchiet asiatica var.Typica Schneid.Ill.Handb.Laubh.1:736.1906.----Amelanchier canadensis var asiatica Koidz.In Bot.Mag.Tokyo 23:171.1909.----Pirus taqueti L6VL in Fedde,Repert.Sp.Nov.7:199.1909.——Pirus vanioti Levl.L.C.200.1909.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Amelanchier asiatica  (Siebold & Zuccarini) Endlicher ex Walpers
东亚唐棣   dong ya tang di
Aronia asiatica Siebold & Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. 1: 87. 1839; Amelanchier canadensis Medikus var. asiatica (Siebold & Zuccarini) Koidzumi; Pyrus taquetii H. Léveillé; P. vaniotii H. Léveillé.
Trees or shrubs, to 12 m tall, with loose branches. Branchlets blackish brown when old, terete, initially grayish white lanose, glabrate, sparsely pale lenticellate; buds conspicuous, pale brown, narrowly conical, margin of scales pubescent. Stipules caducous, lanceolate, membranous; petiole 1–1.5 cm, grayish white tomentose when young, glabrescent; leaf blade ovate to elliptic, rarely ovate-lanceolate, 4–6 × 2.5–3.5 cm, abaxially initially densely grayish white or yellowish brown tomentose, subglabrescent, base rounded or subcordate, margin minutely sharply serrate along entire length, apex acute. Raceme 4–7 × 3–5 cm, many flowered; peduncle white tomentose when young, glabrescent; bracts linear-lanceolate. Pedicel 1.5–2.5 cm, slender, white tomentose when young, glabrescent. Flowers 3–3.5 cm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate, abaxially tomentose. Sepals lanceolate, ca. 8 mm, ca. 2 × as long as hypanthium. Petals white, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 cm × 5–7 mm, slender, apex acute. Stamens 15–20, 1/7–1/5 as long as petals. Styles 5, mostly connate, tomentose basally. Pome bluish black, subglobose or depressed-globose, 1–1.5 cm in diam.; sepals reflexed. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Aug–Sep.
On slopes by streams, mixed forests; 1000--2000 m. S Anhui (Huang Shan), NW Jiangxi (Mufu Shan), S Shaanxi (Qin Ling), NW Zhejiang (Tianmu Shan) [Japan, Korea].

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