新疆鼠李Rhamnus songorica Gontsch.
新疆鼠李Rhamnus songorica Gontsch.
43.新疆鼠李（中国高等植物图鉴）土茶叶（新疆）
Rhamnus songorica Gontsch. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS ser. 1, 2: 243. 1936; Grub., 1. c. 8: 347. 1949, et Fl. URSS 14: 673. 1949; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 763.图3256. 1972.
灌木，高约1米；树皮灰褐色；小枝互生红褐色，被微柔毛或近无毛，枝端具钝刺。叶纸质，互生，或在短枝上簇生，椭圆形或矩圆形，稀披针状椭圆形，长1-2.2厘米，宽3-12毫米，顶端钝，基部楔形，全缘或中部以上有不明显的疏细锯齿，上面灰绿色，下面黄绿色，无毛或仅基部和叶柄有微毛，中脉上面下陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边3-4条，不明显；叶柄长2-3毫米；托叶钻形，宿存。花单性，雌雄异株，雄花10-20个，雌花数个簇生于短枝上，4基数，具花瓣，花梗长2-3毫米；雌花黄绿色，萼片三角状卵形，具3脉，花瓣矩圆状卵形，有退化雄蕊，于房球形，3室，每室有1胚珠，花柱3半裂。核果球形，直径约6毫米，成熟时黑色，具2-3分核，基部有宿存的萼筒；果梗长约3毫米；种子矩圆形，黄褐色，有光泽，背面有长为种子4/5或近等长的宽纵沟。花期4-5月，果期6-8月。
产新疆西部（新源、巩留、特克斯、尼勒克、玛纳斯）。生于山谷灌丛或山坡林下，或河滩地，海拔1000-1600米。苏联中亚地区也有分布。模式标本采自新疆库车。
据本种的原始记载，叶全缘，但新疆的部分标本叶边缘具疏细圆齿，质地较薄，略有不同。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Rhamnus songorica Gontscharow
新疆鼠李 xin jiang shu li
Shrubs knotty branched (crooked), dioecious, to 1 m tall, spinose. Branchlets alternate, red-brown, puberulent or subglabrous, terminating in an obtuse spine. Leaves alternate or fascicled on short shoots; stipules subulate, persistent; petiole 2-3 mm; leaf blade abaxially yellow-green, adaxially gray-green, elliptic or oblong, rarely lanceolate-elliptic, 1-2.2 × 0.3-1.2 cm, papery, abaxially finely pubescent at base, adaxially glabrous, with stout primary vein and 3 or 4 pairs of lateral veins, primary vein prominent on both sides, lateral veins inconspicuous, base cuneate, margin entire or above middle inconspicuously serrulate, apex obtuse. Flowers unisexual. Male flowers few fascicled on short shoots, 4-merous. Pedicels 2-3 mm. Petals present. Female flowers yellow-green; sepals ovate, 3-veined; petals oblong-ovate; rudimentary stamens present; ovary globose, 3-loculed; styles cleft to half. Drupe black at maturity, globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., with 2 or 3 stones, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel ca. 3 mm. Seeds brown, shiny, oblong-ovoid, abaxially with cartilaginous margined, shallow furrow for 4/5 of length. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Aug.
Forests, thickets, dry pebbly and stony mountain slopes; 1000-2000 m. W Xinjiang [Russia].
According to the original description, the leaves are entire, but plants from Xinjiang differ in having sparsely crenulate leaves of slightly thin texture.
别名：土茶叶;
科名：鼠李科 Rhamnaceae
属名：鼠李属 Rhamnus
43.新疆鼠李（中国高等植物图鉴）土茶叶（新疆）
Rhamnus songorica Gontsch. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS ser. 1, 2: 243. 1936; Grub., 1. c. 8: 347. 1949, et Fl. URSS 14: 673. 1949; 中国高等植物图鉴2: 763.图3256. 1972.
灌木，高约1米；树皮灰褐色；小枝互生红褐色，被微柔毛或近无毛，枝端具钝刺。叶纸质，互生，或在短枝上簇生，椭圆形或矩圆形，稀披针状椭圆形，长1-2.2厘米，宽3-12毫米，顶端钝，基部楔形，全缘或中部以上有不明显的疏细锯齿，上面灰绿色，下面黄绿色，无毛或仅基部和叶柄有微毛，中脉上面下陷，下面凸起，侧脉每边3-4条，不明显；叶柄长2-3毫米；托叶钻形，宿存。花单性，雌雄异株，雄花10-20个，雌花数个簇生于短枝上，4基数，具花瓣，花梗长2-3毫米；雌花黄绿色，萼片三角状卵形，具3脉，花瓣矩圆状卵形，有退化雄蕊，于房球形，3室，每室有1胚珠，花柱3半裂。核果球形，直径约6毫米，成熟时黑色，具2-3分核，基部有宿存的萼筒；果梗长约3毫米；种子矩圆形，黄褐色，有光泽，背面有长为种子4/5或近等长的宽纵沟。花期4-5月，果期6-8月。
产新疆西部（新源、巩留、特克斯、尼勒克、玛纳斯）。生于山谷灌丛或山坡林下，或河滩地，海拔1000-1600米。苏联中亚地区也有分布。模式标本采自新疆库车。
据本种的原始记载，叶全缘，但新疆的部分标本叶边缘具疏细圆齿，质地较薄，略有不同。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Rhamnus songorica Gontscharow
新疆鼠李 xin jiang shu li
Shrubs knotty branched (crooked), dioecious, to 1 m tall, spinose. Branchlets alternate, red-brown, puberulent or subglabrous, terminating in an obtuse spine. Leaves alternate or fascicled on short shoots; stipules subulate, persistent; petiole 2-3 mm; leaf blade abaxially yellow-green, adaxially gray-green, elliptic or oblong, rarely lanceolate-elliptic, 1-2.2 × 0.3-1.2 cm, papery, abaxially finely pubescent at base, adaxially glabrous, with stout primary vein and 3 or 4 pairs of lateral veins, primary vein prominent on both sides, lateral veins inconspicuous, base cuneate, margin entire or above middle inconspicuously serrulate, apex obtuse. Flowers unisexual. Male flowers few fascicled on short shoots, 4-merous. Pedicels 2-3 mm. Petals present. Female flowers yellow-green; sepals ovate, 3-veined; petals oblong-ovate; rudimentary stamens present; ovary globose, 3-loculed; styles cleft to half. Drupe black at maturity, globose, ca. 6 mm in diam., with 2 or 3 stones, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel ca. 3 mm. Seeds brown, shiny, oblong-ovoid, abaxially with cartilaginous margined, shallow furrow for 4/5 of length. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Aug.
Forests, thickets, dry pebbly and stony mountain slopes; 1000-2000 m. W Xinjiang [Russia].
According to the original description, the leaves are entire, but plants from Xinjiang differ in having sparsely crenulate leaves of slightly thin texture.