朝鲜鼠李Rhamnus koraiensis Schneid.
朝鲜鼠李Rhamnus koraiensis Schneid.
51. 朝鲜鼠李（东北木本植物图志）图版22: 1-2
Rhamnus koraiensis Schneid. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus. Berl. 5: 77. 1908. et Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 284, f. 196 n-o, 1909, et in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 249. 1914; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 9: 25, Pl. 8. 1920; Grub. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS ser. 1, 8: 329. 1949; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志402. 1955.——R. parvifolia auct. non Bunge Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 312. 1939, p. p.
灌木，高达2米；枝互生，灰褐色或紫黑色，平滑，稍有光泽，枝端具针刺，当年生枝被微毛或无毛，芽小，卵圆形，长约3-4毫米。叶纸质或薄纸质，互生或在短枝上簇生，宽椭圆形、倒卵状椭圆形或卵形，长4-8厘米，宽2.5-4.5厘米，顶端短渐尖或近圆形，基部宽楔形或近圆形，边缘有圆齿状锯齿，两面或沿脉被短柔毛，侧脉每边4-6条，两面凸起，网脉不明显；叶柄长7-25毫米，被密短柔毛；托叶长线形，早落。花单性，雌雄异株，4基数，有花瓣，黄绿色，被微毛；花梗长5-6毫米，被短毛；雄花数个至10余个簇生于短枝端，或1-3个生于长枝下部叶腋；雌花数个至10余个簇生于短枝顶端或当年生枝下部，花柱2浅裂或半裂。核果倒卵状球形，长6毫米，直径5-6毫米，紫黑色，具2稀1分核，基部有宿存的萼筒；果梗长7-14毫米，有疏短柔毛；种子暗褐色，背面仅基部有长为种子1/4-2/5的短沟。花期4-5月，果期6-9月。
产吉林、辽宁、山东（昆箭山、崂山）。生于低海拔的杂木林或灌丛中。朝鲜也有分布。模式标本采自朝鲜。
本种以当年生枝及花、果梗均被短柔毛与长梗鼠李R. schneideri Levl. et Vant. 相区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Rhamnus koraiensis C. K. Schneider
朝鲜鼠李 chao xian shu li
Shrubs dioecious, to 2 m tall, spinescent. Branches alternate; young branches slightly virgate, grayish, longitudinally fissured, sparsely hairy; older branches grayish brown, slightly shiny, smooth, with conspicuous transversally elongated lenticels, glabrescent, terminating in a spine. Leaves alternate or fascicled on short shoots; stipules linear, caducous; petiole 7-25 mm, densely pilose; leaf blade broadly elliptic, obovate-elliptic, or ovate, 4-8 × 2.5-4.5 cm, papery or thinly so, both surfaces densely pilose, lateral veins 4-6 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, with inconspicuous reticulate veins, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin densely crenate-serrate, apex shortly acuminate or subrounded. Flowers unisexual, 4-merous. Pedicels 5-6(-10) mm, puberulent. Petals present, yellow-green, puberulent. Male flowers few- to 10-fascicled on short shoots, or 1-3 in leaf axils of lower part of branches. Female flowers few- to 10-fascicled on short shoots or lower parts of annual branches; styles deeply 2-cleft. Drupe purple-black, obovoid-globose, 5-6 mm in diam., with 2 stones, rarely with 1 stone, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel 7-14 mm, sparsely pilose. Seeds dark brown, abaxially with basally margined short furrow extending over 1/4-2/5 of length. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Sep.
Mixed forests, thickets; low elevations. Jilin, Liaoning, E Shandong (Kunyu Shan, Laoshan) [N Korea].
别名：老乌眼籽;苏龙古斯-牙西拉;
科名：鼠李科 Rhamnaceae
属名：鼠李属 Rhamnus
51. 朝鲜鼠李（东北木本植物图志）图版22: 1-2
Rhamnus koraiensis Schneid. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Mus. Berl. 5: 77. 1908. et Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 284, f. 196 n-o, 1909, et in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 249. 1914; Nakai, Fl. Sylv. Kor. 9: 25, Pl. 8. 1920; Grub. in Act. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS ser. 1, 8: 329. 1949; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志402. 1955.——R. parvifolia auct. non Bunge Kitag. Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 312. 1939, p. p.
灌木，高达2米；枝互生，灰褐色或紫黑色，平滑，稍有光泽，枝端具针刺，当年生枝被微毛或无毛，芽小，卵圆形，长约3-4毫米。叶纸质或薄纸质，互生或在短枝上簇生，宽椭圆形、倒卵状椭圆形或卵形，长4-8厘米，宽2.5-4.5厘米，顶端短渐尖或近圆形，基部宽楔形或近圆形，边缘有圆齿状锯齿，两面或沿脉被短柔毛，侧脉每边4-6条，两面凸起，网脉不明显；叶柄长7-25毫米，被密短柔毛；托叶长线形，早落。花单性，雌雄异株，4基数，有花瓣，黄绿色，被微毛；花梗长5-6毫米，被短毛；雄花数个至10余个簇生于短枝端，或1-3个生于长枝下部叶腋；雌花数个至10余个簇生于短枝顶端或当年生枝下部，花柱2浅裂或半裂。核果倒卵状球形，长6毫米，直径5-6毫米，紫黑色，具2稀1分核，基部有宿存的萼筒；果梗长7-14毫米，有疏短柔毛；种子暗褐色，背面仅基部有长为种子1/4-2/5的短沟。花期4-5月，果期6-9月。
产吉林、辽宁、山东（昆箭山、崂山）。生于低海拔的杂木林或灌丛中。朝鲜也有分布。模式标本采自朝鲜。
本种以当年生枝及花、果梗均被短柔毛与长梗鼠李R. schneideri Levl. et Vant. 相区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Rhamnus koraiensis C. K. Schneider
朝鲜鼠李 chao xian shu li
Shrubs dioecious, to 2 m tall, spinescent. Branches alternate; young branches slightly virgate, grayish, longitudinally fissured, sparsely hairy; older branches grayish brown, slightly shiny, smooth, with conspicuous transversally elongated lenticels, glabrescent, terminating in a spine. Leaves alternate or fascicled on short shoots; stipules linear, caducous; petiole 7-25 mm, densely pilose; leaf blade broadly elliptic, obovate-elliptic, or ovate, 4-8 × 2.5-4.5 cm, papery or thinly so, both surfaces densely pilose, lateral veins 4-6 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, with inconspicuous reticulate veins, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, margin densely crenate-serrate, apex shortly acuminate or subrounded. Flowers unisexual, 4-merous. Pedicels 5-6(-10) mm, puberulent. Petals present, yellow-green, puberulent. Male flowers few- to 10-fascicled on short shoots, or 1-3 in leaf axils of lower part of branches. Female flowers few- to 10-fascicled on short shoots or lower parts of annual branches; styles deeply 2-cleft. Drupe purple-black, obovoid-globose, 5-6 mm in diam., with 2 stones, rarely with 1 stone, with persistent calyx tube at base; fruiting pedicel 7-14 mm, sparsely pilose. Seeds dark brown, abaxially with basally margined short furrow extending over 1/4-2/5 of length. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jun-Sep.
Mixed forests, thickets; low elevations. Jilin, Liaoning, E Shandong (Kunyu Shan, Laoshan) [N Korea].