云南勾儿茶Berchemia yunnanensis Franch.
云南勾儿茶Berchemia yunnanensis Franch.
7．云南勾儿茶（中国高等植物图鉴）鸦公藤（四川），黑果子（甘肃）图版30: 1
Berchemia yunnanensis Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France ser. 2, 8: 456. 1886; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933; Metcalf in Pek. Nat. Mist. Bull. 16: 28. 1941. p. p.;中国高等植物图鉴2: 765.图3260. 1972. ——B. pycnantha Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 215. 1914; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 15: 11. 1934. ——Microrhamnus mairei Levl. in Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 26. 1915, et Cat. Pl. Yunn. 227. 1917. p. p. quoad specim. cit Maire 1913.
藤状灌木，高2.5-5米；小枝平展，淡黄绿色，老枝黄褐色，无毛。叶纸质，卵状椭圆形、矩圆状椭圆形或卵形，长2.5-6厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，顶端锐尖，稀钝，具小尖头，基部圆形，稀宽楔形，两面无毛，上面绿色，下面浅绿色，干时常变黄色，侧脉每边8-12条，两面凸起；叶柄长7-13毫米，无毛；托叶膜质，披针形。花黄色，无毛，通常数个簇生，近无总梗或有短总梗，排成聚伞总状或窄聚伞圆锥花序，花序常生于具叶的侧枝顶端，长2-5厘米，花梗长3-4毫米，无毛；花芽卵球形，顶端钝或锐尖，长宽相等；萼片三角形，顶端锐尖或短渐尖；花瓣倒卵形，顶端钝；雄蕊稍短于花瓣。核果圆柱形，长6-9毫米，直径4-5毫米，顶端钝而无小尖头，成熟时红色，后黑色，有甜味，基部宿存的花盘皿状，果 梗长4-5毫米。花期6-8月，果期翌年4-5月。
产陕西、甘肃东南部、四川、贵州、云南及西藏东部。常生于山坡、溪流边灌丛或林中，海拔1500-3900米。模式标本来自云南洱源和鹤庆之间。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Berchemia yunnanensis Franchet
云南勾儿茶 yun nan gou er cha
Berchemia pycnantha C. K. Schneider; Microrhamnus mairei H. Léveillé.
Shrubs scandent, 2.5-5 m tall. Branchlets spreading, light to yellow-green; old branches yellow-brown, glabrous. Petioles to 1.5(-2) cm, stout, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially pale green, turning yellow when dry, adaxially green, ovate-elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or ovate, 2.5-6 × 1.5-3 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins 8-12 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate, apex acute to obtuse, finely mucronate. Flowers yellow, 2- or 3-fascicled in long pedunculate, terminal racemes 2-5 cm. Pedicel 3-4 mm, glabrous. Calyx tube shallowly dish-shaped, glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Petals obovate, apex obtuse. Stamens slightly shorter than petals. Disk thick, fleshy, centrally distinctly convex. Ovary nearly completely immersed in but not fused with disk; style cylindric, stout, undivided; stigma capitate, 2- or 3-lobed. Drupe red when young, turning black at maturity, cylindric, 6-9 mm, 4-5 mm in diam., base with persistent remnants of calyx tube and cup-shaped disk, apex obtuse, never mucronulate; mesocarp thin, sweet; fruiting pedicel 4-5 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Apr-May of following year.
● Forests, thickets, slopes, riverbanks; 1500-3900 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan.
别名：牙公藤;金刚藤;黑果子;黄鳝藤;女儿红茶;女儿红根;青龙草;消黄散;鸦公藤;鸭公青;鸭公藤;鸭公头;
科名：鼠李科 Rhamnaceae
属名：勾儿茶属 Berchemia
7．云南勾儿茶（中国高等植物图鉴）鸦公藤（四川），黑果子（甘肃）图版30: 1
Berchemia yunnanensis Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France ser. 2, 8: 456. 1886; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933; Metcalf in Pek. Nat. Mist. Bull. 16: 28. 1941. p. p.;中国高等植物图鉴2: 765.图3260. 1972. ——B. pycnantha Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 215. 1914; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 15: 11. 1934. ——Microrhamnus mairei Levl. in Bull. Geogr. Bot. 25: 26. 1915, et Cat. Pl. Yunn. 227. 1917. p. p. quoad specim. cit Maire 1913.
藤状灌木，高2.5-5米；小枝平展，淡黄绿色，老枝黄褐色，无毛。叶纸质，卵状椭圆形、矩圆状椭圆形或卵形，长2.5-6厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，顶端锐尖，稀钝，具小尖头，基部圆形，稀宽楔形，两面无毛，上面绿色，下面浅绿色，干时常变黄色，侧脉每边8-12条，两面凸起；叶柄长7-13毫米，无毛；托叶膜质，披针形。花黄色，无毛，通常数个簇生，近无总梗或有短总梗，排成聚伞总状或窄聚伞圆锥花序，花序常生于具叶的侧枝顶端，长2-5厘米，花梗长3-4毫米，无毛；花芽卵球形，顶端钝或锐尖，长宽相等；萼片三角形，顶端锐尖或短渐尖；花瓣倒卵形，顶端钝；雄蕊稍短于花瓣。核果圆柱形，长6-9毫米，直径4-5毫米，顶端钝而无小尖头，成熟时红色，后黑色，有甜味，基部宿存的花盘皿状，果 梗长4-5毫米。花期6-8月，果期翌年4-5月。
产陕西、甘肃东南部、四川、贵州、云南及西藏东部。常生于山坡、溪流边灌丛或林中，海拔1500-3900米。模式标本来自云南洱源和鹤庆之间。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Berchemia yunnanensis Franchet
云南勾儿茶 yun nan gou er cha
Berchemia pycnantha C. K. Schneider; Microrhamnus mairei H. Léveillé.
Shrubs scandent, 2.5-5 m tall. Branchlets spreading, light to yellow-green; old branches yellow-brown, glabrous. Petioles to 1.5(-2) cm, stout, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially pale green, turning yellow when dry, adaxially green, ovate-elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or ovate, 2.5-6 × 1.5-3 cm, papery, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins 8-12 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate, apex acute to obtuse, finely mucronate. Flowers yellow, 2- or 3-fascicled in long pedunculate, terminal racemes 2-5 cm. Pedicel 3-4 mm, glabrous. Calyx tube shallowly dish-shaped, glabrous; sepals narrowly triangular, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Petals obovate, apex obtuse. Stamens slightly shorter than petals. Disk thick, fleshy, centrally distinctly convex. Ovary nearly completely immersed in but not fused with disk; style cylindric, stout, undivided; stigma capitate, 2- or 3-lobed. Drupe red when young, turning black at maturity, cylindric, 6-9 mm, 4-5 mm in diam., base with persistent remnants of calyx tube and cup-shaped disk, apex obtuse, never mucronulate; mesocarp thin, sweet; fruiting pedicel 4-5 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Apr-May of following year.
● Forests, thickets, slopes, riverbanks; 1500-3900 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan.