栏目

勾儿茶Berchemia sinica Schneid.

勾儿茶Berchemia sinica Schneid.

别名:多花勾儿茶;牛鼻足秧;枪子树;乌鸦屎藤;钩儿茶;勾心茶;

科名:鼠李科 Rhamnaceae

属名:勾儿茶属 Berchemia

《中国植物志》第48(1)卷122页
  14.勾儿茶(中国高等植物图鉴)牛鼻足秧(河南)图版30:2-3
  Berchemia sinica Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 215. 1914;中国高等植物图鉴2: 766, 图3261. 1972.——B. yunnanensis auct. non Franch.: Schneid. 1. c. 2: 216. 1914. quoad Wilson 3385. ——B. polyphylla Wall. ex Laws. var. leioclada auct. non Hand.-Mazz. : Metcalf in Pek. Nat. Hist. Bull. 16: 27. 1941. quoad cit. Wilson 3385.
  藤状或攀援灌木,高达5米:幼枝无毛,老枝黄褐色,平滑无毛。叶纸质至厚纸质,互生或在短枝顶端簇生,卵状椭圆形或卵状矩圆形,长3-6厘米,宽1.6-3.5厘米,顶端圆形或钝,常有小尖头,基部圆形或近心形,上面绿色,无毛,下面灰白色,仅脉腋被疏微毛,侧脉每边8-10条;叶柄纤细,长1.2-2.6厘米,带红色,无毛。花芽卵球形,顶端短锐尖或钝;花黄色或淡绿色,单生或数个簇生,无或有短总花梗,在侧枝项端排成具短分枝的窄聚伞状圆锥花序,花序轴无毛,长达10厘米,分枝长达5厘米,有时为腋生的短总状花序;花梗长2毫米。核果圆柱形,长5-9毫米,直径2.5-3毫米,基部稍宽,有皿状的宿存花盘,成熟时紫红色或黑色;果梗长3毫米。花期6-8月,果期翌年5-6月。
  产河南、山西、陕西、甘肃、四川、云南、贵州、湖北。常生于山坡、沟谷灌丛或杂木林中,海拔1000-2500米。模式标本采自湖北兴山。
  本种具顶生窄聚伞状圆锥花序,叶顶端圆形或钝,叶柄细长,簇生于短枝上,与本属其它的种容易区别。前人曾将采自湖北长乐(今五峰县)的标本(Wilson 3385)引证于不向的种,但从模式标本照片中可以看出,该植物与本种的特征相同,应属于本种。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Berchemia sinica  C. K. Schneider
勾儿茶   gou er cha
Shrubs scandent or climbing, to 5 m tall. Young branches glabrous; old branches yellow-brown, smooth, glabrous. Leaves alternate or fascicled on short shoots; petiole reddish, 1.2-2.6 cm, slender, glabrous; leaf blade grayish white abaxially, green adaxially, ovate-elliptic or ovate-oblong, 3-6 × 1.6-3.5 cm, thickly papery, abaxially sparsely puberulent in vein axils, adaxially glabrous, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, base rounded or subcordate, apex rounded or obtuse, often mucronulate. Flowers yellow or greenish, solitary or few in fascicles, sessile or shortly pedunculate, in short, branched, narrow cymose panicles at ends of lateral branches; rachis to 10 cm, glabrous; branches ca. 5 cm, sometimes in axillary, short racemes. Pedicel ca. 2 mm, glabrous. Calyx tube shallowly cup-shaped, glabrous; sepals broadly triangular, abaxially glabrous, adaxially slightly keeled. Petals hooded. Disk thick, fleshy, centrally distinctly convex. Ovary deeply immersed in disk but not fused to it; style cylindric, short; stigma 2- or 3-lobed. Drupe purple-red, turning black at maturity, cylindrical, 5-9 mm, 2.5-3 mm in diam., basally with persistent remnants of calyx tube and disk; fruiting pedicel ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. May-Jun of following year.
● Mixed forests and thickets on slopes and in valleys; 1000-2500 m. Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan.

《全国中草药汇编》:勾儿茶


【拼音名】 Gōu ér Chá
【别名】 枪子柴
【来源】 鼠李科勾儿茶属植物勾儿茶Berchemia racemosa Sieb. et Zucc.,以根、根皮入药。夏秋采,鲜用或晒干。
【性味】 甘、微涩,微温。
【功能主治】 补脾利湿,舒筋活络,调经止痛。根、根皮:风湿性关节炎,黄疸型肝炎,胃脘痛,脾胃虚弱,食欲不振,小儿疳积,痛经;外用治跌打损伤,急性结膜炎,多发性疖肿。
【用法用量】 根1~2两;根、叶外用适量,鲜品捣烂敷患处或贴敷患眼。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
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