多花勾儿茶Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn.
多花勾儿茶Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn.
18. 多花勾儿茶（江苏南部种子植物手册）勾儿茶（广东），牛鼻圈（陕西），牛儿藤（四川、贵州），金刚藤（四川），扁担藤（河南），扁担果（湖北），牛鼻拳、牛鼻角秧（广州）图版33：3-4
Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. in. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 1, 10: 357. 1826; Laws. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 637. 1875; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933; Metcalf in Pek. Nat. Hist. Bull. 16: 18. 1941; p. p.;中国高等植物图鉴2: 765; 图3259. 1972. ——Zizyphus floribunda Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 368. 1824.——B. floribunda Wall. Cat. 4256. 1830. nomen.——B. racemosa Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Akad. Munch. 4, 2: 147. 1845; Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 219. 1914; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933. ——B. giraldiana Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 263, f. 182 m-n, 183 k. 1909, et 1. c. 2: 213. 1914; Hand.-Mazz. l. c. 7: 671. 1933;侯宽昭等, 广州植物志418. 1953. ——B. floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. var. megalophylla Schneid. 1. c. 2: 213. 1914. ——B. formosana auct. non Schneid.: Masamune in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 24: 211. 1934. p. p. quoad specim. cit. Tsiang 1998.
形态特征：落叶攀登援灌木，高达6米；幼枝黄绿色，无毛。叶互生，卵形、卵形椭圆形或椭圆形，长4-7厘米，宽2.5-3.5厘米，顶端短渐尖，基部圆形或近心形，全缘，侧脉两侧8-12对，上面深绿色，下面灰白。宽圆锥花序，下部花序侧枝长过5厘米；花芽卵球形，顶端突尖；花萼5裂；花瓣5，小；雄蕊5，与花瓣对生。核果近圆柱状，和0.8-1厘米，花柱宿存或脱落。
分 布：华东、中南、西南和陕西
生 境：山谷、山坡林缘、林下、灌丛中或阴湿近水处
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：根
药用功能：鼻血、黄疸、风湿腰痛
药用主治：鼻血、黄疸、风湿腰痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Berchemia floribunda (Wallich) Brongniart
多花勾儿茶 duo hua gou er cha
Shrubs scandent or erect. Young branches yellow-green, smooth, glabrous. Stipules narrowly lanceolate, 1-2 mm, persistent; petiole 1-2 cm, rarely to 5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially dark brown when dry, adaxially green, ovate or ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 4-9(-11) × 2-5(-6.5) cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, or sparsely pubescent on veins, adaxially glabrous, lateral veins 9-12 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base rounded to cordate, margin entire, apex obtuse to rounded, or acute to acuminate. Inflorescences to 15 cm; lateral branches less than 5 cm; rachis glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Flowers numerous, glabrous, few in fascicles, in terminal cymose panicles or axillary cymose racemes. Pedicel 1-2 mm. Calyx tube shallowly patelliform, glabrous; lobes narrowly triangular, adaxially distinctly keeled up to middle. Petals spatulate, enfolding stamens. Disk thick, fleshy, centrally distinctly convex. Ovary nearly completely immersed in disk; style cylindric, undivided; stigma 2- or 3-lobed. Drupe red, bluish black at maturity, cylindric-elliptic to ovoid-oblong, 7-10 × 4-5 mm, with persistent cup-shaped disk; stone 2-loculed; fruiting pedicel 2-3 mm, glabrous. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Apr-Jul of following year.
Mountain forests, understories of forests and thickets on slopes, forest margins, valleys; below 2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
The roots are used medicinally to alleviate pain. The young leaves are used as a substitute for tea.
别名：雀儿舌头;牛儿藤;牛鼻圈;老鼠屎;扁担果子;枪子树;扁担果;扁担藤;大黄鳝藤;大叶铁包金;多花钩儿茶;勾儿茶;黄鳝藤;散血归;拉嘎兴;金刚藤;土五味子;打炮子;石骨条;牛鼻屎;筛箕藤;牛鼻栓;狗牙木;多花蛇藤;大叶勾儿茶;绉纱皮;皱纱皮;牛鼻角秧;牛鼻拳;邹纱皮;羊母锁;亮叶老鼠耳;铁包金;岩青藤树;
科名：鼠李科 Rhamnaceae
属名：勾儿茶属 Berchemia
18. 多花勾儿茶（江苏南部种子植物手册）勾儿茶（广东），牛鼻圈（陕西），牛儿藤（四川、贵州），金刚藤（四川），扁担藤（河南），扁担果（湖北），牛鼻拳、牛鼻角秧（广州）图版33：3-4
Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. in. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 1, 10: 357. 1826; Laws. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 637. 1875; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933; Metcalf in Pek. Nat. Hist. Bull. 16: 18. 1941; p. p.;中国高等植物图鉴2: 765; 图3259. 1972. ——Zizyphus floribunda Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 368. 1824.——B. floribunda Wall. Cat. 4256. 1830. nomen.——B. racemosa Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Akad. Munch. 4, 2: 147. 1845; Schneid. in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 219. 1914; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 671. 1933. ——B. giraldiana Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 263, f. 182 m-n, 183 k. 1909, et 1. c. 2: 213. 1914; Hand.-Mazz. l. c. 7: 671. 1933;侯宽昭等, 广州植物志418. 1953. ——B. floribunda (Wall.) Brongn. var. megalophylla Schneid. 1. c. 2: 213. 1914. ——B. formosana auct. non Schneid.: Masamune in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formos. 24: 211. 1934. p. p. quoad specim. cit. Tsiang 1998.
形态特征：落叶攀登援灌木，高达6米；幼枝黄绿色，无毛。叶互生，卵形、卵形椭圆形或椭圆形，长4-7厘米，宽2.5-3.5厘米，顶端短渐尖，基部圆形或近心形，全缘，侧脉两侧8-12对，上面深绿色，下面灰白。宽圆锥花序，下部花序侧枝长过5厘米；花芽卵球形，顶端突尖；花萼5裂；花瓣5，小；雄蕊5，与花瓣对生。核果近圆柱状，和0.8-1厘米，花柱宿存或脱落。
分 布：华东、中南、西南和陕西
生 境：山谷、山坡林缘、林下、灌丛中或阴湿近水处
繁殖方式：种子
习 性：阳生
药用部位：根
药用功能：鼻血、黄疸、风湿腰痛
药用主治：鼻血、黄疸、风湿腰痛
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Berchemia floribunda (Wallich) Brongniart
多花勾儿茶 duo hua gou er cha
Shrubs scandent or erect. Young branches yellow-green, smooth, glabrous. Stipules narrowly lanceolate, 1-2 mm, persistent; petiole 1-2 cm, rarely to 5 cm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially dark brown when dry, adaxially green, ovate or ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 4-9(-11) × 2-5(-6.5) cm, papery, abaxially glabrous, or sparsely pubescent on veins, adaxially glabrous, lateral veins 9-12 pairs, prominent on both surfaces, base rounded to cordate, margin entire, apex obtuse to rounded, or acute to acuminate. Inflorescences to 15 cm; lateral branches less than 5 cm; rachis glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Flowers numerous, glabrous, few in fascicles, in terminal cymose panicles or axillary cymose racemes. Pedicel 1-2 mm. Calyx tube shallowly patelliform, glabrous; lobes narrowly triangular, adaxially distinctly keeled up to middle. Petals spatulate, enfolding stamens. Disk thick, fleshy, centrally distinctly convex. Ovary nearly completely immersed in disk; style cylindric, undivided; stigma 2- or 3-lobed. Drupe red, bluish black at maturity, cylindric-elliptic to ovoid-oblong, 7-10 × 4-5 mm, with persistent cup-shaped disk; stone 2-loculed; fruiting pedicel 2-3 mm, glabrous. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Apr-Jul of following year.
Mountain forests, understories of forests and thickets on slopes, forest margins, valleys; below 2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam].
The roots are used medicinally to alleviate pain. The young leaves are used as a substitute for tea.