栏目

云南翠雀花Delphinium yunnanense Franch.

云南翠雀花Delphinium yunnanense Franch.

别名:飞燕草;云南飞燕草;细草乌;米草乌;惊药;嘎嘎草;鸡脚草乌;小草乌;月下参;雀冈;云南翠雀;倒提壶;

科名:毛茛科 Ranunculaceae

属名:翠雀属 Delphinium

《中国植物志》第27卷433页
  85.云南翠雀花 月下参(植物名实图考),小草乌、鸡脚草乌(云南),倒提壶(贵州盘县)图版99:6-8
  Delphinium yunnanense Franch. in Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris, ser. 8, 5: 173. 1893; Huth in Bot. Jahrb. 20: 465. 1895; 王文采, 植物学报 10: 160. 1962; Munz in Journ. Arn. Arb. 48: 543, f. 11, L. 1967; 昆明民间常用草药44, 图22. 1970; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 706, 图1412. 1972.——D. denudatum. Wall. var. yunnanense Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 33: 378. 1886; Pl. Delav. 25. 1889.——D. esquirolii Levl. et Vant. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 6: 505. 1906.
  茎高(40-)60-90厘米,下部被反曲的短柔毛,上部无毛,自中部或下部有少数分枝,疏生4-6叶。茎最下部叶在开花时枯萎,下部叶有长柄;叶片五角形,长3.6-5.8厘米,宽5.5-10厘米,三深裂至距基部3-5毫米处,中央深裂片菱状楔形,三深裂,二回裂片狭三角形至狭披针形,全缘或有1-2个小裂片,侧深裂片不等二深裂,表面被贴伏的短柔毛,背面疏被糙毛;叶柄长8.8-13厘米。上部茎生叶变小,深裂片常全缘,披针状线形。总状花序狭长,疏生3-10花;基部苞片叶状,有时披针状线形,其他苞片小,钻形;花梗长1.2-5.5厘米,无毛或近无毛;小苞片生花梗上部,钻形,长3.5-4.5厘米;萼片蓝紫色,椭圆状倒卵形,长0.9-1.4厘米,外面疏被短柔毛,距钻形,长1.7-2.4厘米,直或稍向下弯曲;花瓣无毛;退化雄蕊紫色,瓣片倒卵形,二裂至中部,腹面有黄色髯毛;花丝无毛或疏被短毛;心皮3,子房密被短伏毛。蓇葖长约1.8厘米;种子小,金字塔形,沿稜有狭翅。8-10月开花。
  分布于云南、四川西南部(会理)、贵州西部。生海拔1000-2400米山地草坡或灌丛边。模式标本采自云南洱源。
  根供药用,治跌打损伤等症(昆明民间常用草药)。
  《昆明民间常用草药》图22是云南翠雀花的图,可以参考。本种近大理翠雀花 D. taliense,但叶分裂程度较大,末回裂片数目少,狭长,披针状线形,花序狭长,花较小,萼距长约为萼片的2倍。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 6 (2001)
Delphinium yunnanense  (Franchet) Franchet
云南翠雀花   yun nan cui que hua
Delphinium denudatum Wallich var. yunnanense Franchet, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 378. 1886; D. esquirolii H. Léveillé.
Stem (40--)60--90 cm tall, retrorsely puberulent proximally, glabrous distally, branched. Leaf blade 5--10 cm wide, base deeply cordate; primary lobes separate for at least 75% of blade radius; central lobe rhombic or rhombic-cuneate, 3-parted, distally undivided or 1- or 2-lobulate, apex acute; ultimate lobules narrowly triangular to linear-lanceolate; proximal leaves withered. Raceme 8--38 cm, 3--12-flowered, glabrous to sparsely puberulent; proximal bracts leaflike or undivided, lanceolate-linear, distal ones subulate. Pedicels 1.2--5.5 cm; bracteoles distal, subulate, 3.5--4.5 mm. Sepals blue-purple, abaxially sparsely puberulent; spur subulate, 1.7--2.4 cm, straight or nearly so, base 3--4 mm in diam.; other sepals 1--1.7 cm, sometimes shortly corniculate. Petals undivided, glabrous. Staminode limb obovate, 2-lobed, yellow barbate. Filaments glabrous or pilose. Carpels 3; ovaries densely puberulent. Fl. Aug--Oct.
* Scrub, grassy slopes; 1000--2400 m. W Guizhou, SW Sichuan, Yunnan.

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