短柄乌头Aconitum brachypodum Diels.
短柄乌头Aconitum brachypodum Diels.
152. 短柄乌头 图版73；4-6；图版74: 5-6
Aconitum brachypodum Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 5: 268. 1912; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 288. 1931;肖培根等, 药学学报 12: 690. 1965.
块根胡萝卜形，长5.5-7厘米，粗5-6.5毫米。茎高40-80厘米，疏被反曲而紧贴的短柔毛，密生叶，不分枝或分枝。茎下部叶在开花时枯萎，中部叶有短柄；叶片卵形或三角状宽卵形，长3.5-5.8厘米，宽3.6-8厘米，三全裂，中央全裂片宽菱形，基部突变狭成长柄，二回近羽状细裂，小裂片线形，宽（1-）1.5-3毫米，边缘干时稍反卷，侧全裂片斜菱形，不等二裂至基部，两面无毛或背面沿脉疏被短毛；叶柄长0.8-3.2厘米。总状花序有7至多朵密集的花；轴和花梗密被弯曲而紧贴的短柔毛；苞片叶状；花梗近直展，下部的长达1.5厘米，中部以上的长约1厘米；小苞片生花梗中部或上部，二或三浅裂，有时不分裂，宽线形长5-9毫米，宽1.5-3.5毫米；萼片紫蓝色，外面被短柔毛，上萼片盔形或盔状船形，具爪，高2-3厘米，下缘向斜上方伸展，喙短，侧萼片长1.5-1.8厘米；花瓣无毛，上部弯曲，瓣片长约7毫米，距短，向后弯曲；花丝疏被短毛，全缘或有2小齿；心皮5，子房密被斜展的黄色长柔毛。9-10月开花。
产我国云南西北部（丽江）及四川西南部。生海拔2800-3700米间山地草坡，有时生多石砾处。模式标本采自云南丽江。
在丽江用本植物的块根治感冒和头痛。
近缩梗乌头A. sessiliflorum,但小苞片与花分开，上萼片船状盔形，可以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 6 (2001)
Aconitum brachypodum Diels
短柄乌头 duan bing wu tou
Caudex carrot-shaped, 5.5--7 cm, 5--6.5 mm in diam. Stem 40--80 cm, simple or branched, sparsely retrorse and appressed pubescent, with leaves crowded. Proximal cauline leaves withered at anthesis, middle leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 0.8--3.2 cm; leaf blade ovate or broadly triangular-ovate, 3.5--5.8 × 3.6--8 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially sparsely pubescent at veins, 3-sect; central segment broadly rhombic, base becoming narrow, long stipitate, subduplicato-pinnatisect; ultimate lobes linear, (1--)1.5--3 mm wide; lateral segments obliquely rhombic, unequally 2-fid to base. Inflorescence 7- to many flowered; rachis and pedicels densely curved and appressed pubescent, or rachis spreading pubescent; bracts leaflike. Pedicels 1--1.5 cm, with 2 bracteoles at middle or above; bracteoles broadly linear, 5--9 × 1.5--3.5 mm, or lanceolate-linear, ca. 3 × 0.8 mm, 2- or 3-lobed, sometimes undivided. Sepals purple-blue, abaxially pubescent; lower sepals 1.3--1.6 cm; lateral sepals 1.5--1.8 cm; upper sepal galeate or galeate-navicular, 2--3 cm high, clawed, shortly beaked. Petals glabrous; limb ca. 7 mm; spur incurved, shorter. Stamens sparsely pubescent; filaments entire or 2-denticulate. Carpels 5 or 3, densely oblique upward, yellow villous or appressed white pubescent. Fl. Sep--Oct.
* Grassy slopes, mountains; 2800--4300 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.
This species was listed by Feng (in Fu & Jin, China Pl. Red Data Book 1: 518--519. 1992) as requiring protection and propagation because of extensive harvesting of the rhizomes for medicinal purposes. The root caudex is poisonous and used as an antipyretic and in traditional medicine.
别名：一支蒿;雪上一支蒿;一枝蒿;铁棒锤;三转半;雪上一枝蒿;展毛短柄乌头;雪山一枝蒿;短距乌头;雪山一支蒿;
科名：毛茛科 Ranunculaceae
属名：乌头属 Aconitum
152. 短柄乌头 图版73；4-6；图版74: 5-6
Aconitum brachypodum Diels in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 5: 268. 1912; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 288. 1931;肖培根等, 药学学报 12: 690. 1965.
块根胡萝卜形，长5.5-7厘米，粗5-6.5毫米。茎高40-80厘米，疏被反曲而紧贴的短柔毛，密生叶，不分枝或分枝。茎下部叶在开花时枯萎，中部叶有短柄；叶片卵形或三角状宽卵形，长3.5-5.8厘米，宽3.6-8厘米，三全裂，中央全裂片宽菱形，基部突变狭成长柄，二回近羽状细裂，小裂片线形，宽（1-）1.5-3毫米，边缘干时稍反卷，侧全裂片斜菱形，不等二裂至基部，两面无毛或背面沿脉疏被短毛；叶柄长0.8-3.2厘米。总状花序有7至多朵密集的花；轴和花梗密被弯曲而紧贴的短柔毛；苞片叶状；花梗近直展，下部的长达1.5厘米，中部以上的长约1厘米；小苞片生花梗中部或上部，二或三浅裂，有时不分裂，宽线形长5-9毫米，宽1.5-3.5毫米；萼片紫蓝色，外面被短柔毛，上萼片盔形或盔状船形，具爪，高2-3厘米，下缘向斜上方伸展，喙短，侧萼片长1.5-1.8厘米；花瓣无毛，上部弯曲，瓣片长约7毫米，距短，向后弯曲；花丝疏被短毛，全缘或有2小齿；心皮5，子房密被斜展的黄色长柔毛。9-10月开花。
产我国云南西北部（丽江）及四川西南部。生海拔2800-3700米间山地草坡，有时生多石砾处。模式标本采自云南丽江。
在丽江用本植物的块根治感冒和头痛。
近缩梗乌头A. sessiliflorum,但小苞片与花分开，上萼片船状盔形，可以区别。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 6 (2001)
Aconitum brachypodum Diels
短柄乌头 duan bing wu tou
Caudex carrot-shaped, 5.5--7 cm, 5--6.5 mm in diam. Stem 40--80 cm, simple or branched, sparsely retrorse and appressed pubescent, with leaves crowded. Proximal cauline leaves withered at anthesis, middle leaves shortly petiolate; petiole 0.8--3.2 cm; leaf blade ovate or broadly triangular-ovate, 3.5--5.8 × 3.6--8 cm, both surfaces glabrous or abaxially sparsely pubescent at veins, 3-sect; central segment broadly rhombic, base becoming narrow, long stipitate, subduplicato-pinnatisect; ultimate lobes linear, (1--)1.5--3 mm wide; lateral segments obliquely rhombic, unequally 2-fid to base. Inflorescence 7- to many flowered; rachis and pedicels densely curved and appressed pubescent, or rachis spreading pubescent; bracts leaflike. Pedicels 1--1.5 cm, with 2 bracteoles at middle or above; bracteoles broadly linear, 5--9 × 1.5--3.5 mm, or lanceolate-linear, ca. 3 × 0.8 mm, 2- or 3-lobed, sometimes undivided. Sepals purple-blue, abaxially pubescent; lower sepals 1.3--1.6 cm; lateral sepals 1.5--1.8 cm; upper sepal galeate or galeate-navicular, 2--3 cm high, clawed, shortly beaked. Petals glabrous; limb ca. 7 mm; spur incurved, shorter. Stamens sparsely pubescent; filaments entire or 2-denticulate. Carpels 5 or 3, densely oblique upward, yellow villous or appressed white pubescent. Fl. Sep--Oct.
* Grassy slopes, mountains; 2800--4300 m. Sichuan, Yunnan.
This species was listed by Feng (in Fu & Jin, China Pl. Red Data Book 1: 518--519. 1992) as requiring protection and propagation because of extensive harvesting of the rhizomes for medicinal purposes. The root caudex is poisonous and used as an antipyretic and in traditional medicine.