栏目

矮大叶藻Zostera japonica Asch. et Graebn.

矮大叶藻Zostera japonica Asch. et Graebn.

别名:日本大叶藻;甘藻;矮大叶澡;

科名:眼子菜科 Potamogetonaceae

属名:大叶藻属 Zostera

《中国植物志》第8卷090页
  5. 矮大叶藻(中国高等植物图鉴)图版36
  Zostera japonica Asch. et Graebn. in Engl. Pflanzenr. 31 (IV 11): 32. 1907 Setchell in Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 19: 814. 1933; Juz. in Kom. Fl. USSR 1: 268. 1934; Hartog, The Sea-grasses of the World 71. f. 15-16. 1970. ——Z. nana auct. non Reth.: Miki in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 47: 582. f. 1933; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 60. 1956;中国高等植物图鉴5: 13.图6856. 1976.
  多年生草本。具发达的根茎,根茎匍匐,直径0.5-1.5毫米,节间长5-30毫米,节生1枚先出叶和2条纤细的根。先出叶仅具鞘而无叶片,长约2厘米,边缘稍叠压,抱茎,呈半透明的膜质,无叶耳。营养枝具叶2-4枚;叶鞘长2-10厘米,边缘膜质,叶耳钝圆,长0.3-0.5毫米,鞘内小鳞片2,披针形,长约1毫米;叶片长5-35厘米,宽1-2毫米,先端钝或微凹;初级脉3条,平行,中脉于顶端增宽或有时分叉,侧脉边缘生,与中脉在叶片顶端连接,脉间附束3-5条,次级脉间隔1-4毫米,与初级脉垂直排列。生殖枝长10-30厘米,具佛焰苞几枚至多枚,佛焰苞梗扁平,自基部向上渐宽,长1-2.5厘米;佛焰苞鞘长1-2厘米,鞘内小鳞片2,长不超过1毫米;苞鞘顶端叶片长3-7厘米,与营养叶等宽或稍狭,先端钝或微凹。肉穗花序穗轴扁平,先端常具钝的突尖,边缘有约与雌花同数、多少呈斜三角形、广三角形或椭圆形的苞片状附属物;雄蕊花药纺锤形,长约2毫米;雌蕊子房与花柱等长,柱头2,钻形。果实椭圆至长圆柱形,长约2毫米,光滑,顶端具长约1毫米的喙;外果皮红褐色至淡紫褐色。种子棕色,一端稍扁,另一端稍尖细。花果期6-9月。2n=12。
  产辽宁、河北及山东沿海。原苏联东部沿海及日本沿海也有分布。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 23 (2010)
Zostera japonica  Ascherson & Graebner in Engler Pflanzenr. 31(IV. 11): 32. 1907.
矮大叶藻   ai da ye zao
Nanozostera japonica (Ascherson & Graebner) Tomlinson & Posluszny.
Rhizomes creeping, 0.5-1.5 mm in diam., internodes 0.5-3 cm. Leaves on non-flowering shoots 2-4, linear, 5-35 × 1-2 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse or retuse; sheaths open, 2-10 cm, margin membranous; auricle obtuse, ca. 0.5 mm; intravaginal squamules 2, lanceolate. Flowering stems 10-30 cm; spathes with flattened stalk, ca. as broad as or narrower than leaves, apex obtuse, mucronate, rarely retuse; spadix with projections. Anthers ca. 2 mm. Ovary ca. as long as style; stigmas subulate. Fruit ellipsoid to narrowly cylindric, ca. 2 mm. Seeds smooth. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep. 2n = 12.
Bottoms of shallow seas. Coasts of Hebei, Liaoning, Shandong, Taiwan [coasts of Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East), Vietnam; Africa, Asia, Europe, North America].

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