短萼海桐Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep.
短萼海桐Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep.
39. 短萼海桐 山桂花（植物名实图考）；万里香（云南中草药）图版1：1
Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 545, 1908; Gowda in Journ. Arn. Arb. 32: 329, 1951. P. pauciflorum var. brevicalyx Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. 16: t. 1579, 1887. Pittosporum brevicalyx var. brevistamineum Gagnep. ;. c. Pittosporum neelgherrense var. laxiflora Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 414, 1886. Evonymus provicarii Levl. Cat. Pl. Yunnan 34, 1915. Pittosporum floribundum sensu Hand. -Mzt. Symb. Sin. 7, 448.
常绿灌木或小乔木，高达10米，小枝无毛，或幼嫩时有微毛。叶簇生于枝顶，二年生，薄革质，倒卵状披针形，稀为倒卵形或矩圆形，长5-12厘米，宽2-4厘米；先端渐尖，或急剧收窄而长尖，基部楔形；上面深绿色，发亮，下面幼时有微毛，不久变秃净；侧脉9-11对，在上面明显，在下面略突起；边缘平展；叶柄长1-1.5厘米，有时更长。伞房花序3-5条生于枝顶叶腋内，长3-4厘米，被微毛，花序柄长1-1.5厘米，花梗长约1厘米，苞片狭窄披针形，长4-6毫米，有微毛；萼片长约2毫米，卵状披针形，有微毛；花瓣长6-8毫米，分离；雄蕊比花瓣略短，有时仅为花瓣的一半；子房卵形，被毛，花柱往往有微毛，侧膜胎座2个，胚珠7-10个。蒴果近圆球形，压扁，直径7-8毫米，2片裂开，果片薄，胎座位于果片下半部；种子7-10个，长约3毫米，种柄极短。
分布于湖北、湖南、江西、广东、广西、贵州、云南的东南部及西北部、西藏的东南部。
这是一个分布较广的种，叶形及花和花序均稍有变化。叶通常矩圆状倒披针形，薄革质，但广东标本则常为矩圆形而且硬革质；花通常长7-8毫米，但云南标本亦有长5-6毫米的；蒴果通常短圆形，但广西及贵州某些标本的蒴果呈卵形。此外云南的标本叶面干后暗晦无光，其他各省的标本叶面常发亮。
P. pauciflorum var. brevicalyx Oliver [P. brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep. 的基名] 所依据的标本是 Henry 采自宜昌和 Maries 采自九江，这个九江标本不属于本种，它是 P. illicioides Mak.。 Gagnepain 发表本种时是根据云南的标本。这个种的根皮供药用，有止咳及治慢性支气管炎的功效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliver) Gagnepain
短萼海桐 duan e hai tong
Pittosporum pauciflorum Hooker & Arnott var. brevicalyx Oliver, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 16: t. 1579. 1887; Euonymus provicarii H. Léveillé; P. brevicalyx var. brevistamineum Gagnepain; P. neelgherrense Wight & Arnott var. laxiflorum Franchet.
Shrubs or small trees, ca. 10 m tall. Branchlets glabrous or young ones pubescent. Leaves clustered at branchlet apex, biennial; petiole 1–1.5 cm or more; leaf blade dark green and shiny adaxially, obovate-lanceolate, rarely obovate or oblong, 5–12 × 2–5 cm, thinly leathery, puberulous abaxially at first, soon glabrate, lateral veins 9–11-paired, slightly convex abaxially, prominent adaxially, base cuneate, margin flat, apex acuminate or long acuminate. Inflorescences 3–5 in leaf-axils at branchlet apex, corymbose, 3–4 cm, puberulous; peduncle 1–1.5 cm; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 4–6 mm, puberulous; pedicels ca. 1 cm. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm, puberulous. Petals free, 6–8 mm. Stamens slightly shorter than or sometimes 1/2 as long as petals. Ovary ovoid, pubescent; placentas 2, parietal; ovules 7–10. Style usually puberulous. Capsule subglobose, compressed, 7–8 mm in diam., dehiscing by 2 valves; pericarp thin; placentas in proximal part of valves. Seeds 7–10, 3–4 mm; funicle very short. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jul–Nov.
Forests, thickets, slopes, limestone areas, roadsides; 600--3500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, SE Xizang (Zayü Xian), Yunnan.
Two syntypes were cited in the protologue: “Ichang [Yichang], Dr. Henry,” which agrees with P. brevicalyx as currently understood, and “Kiukiang [Jiujiang], Mr. Maries,” which agrees with P. illicioides.
The roots, bark, and capsules can be used medicinally in the treatment of chronic bronchitis and coughs.
别名：小朵林;调经草;大朵林;鸡骨皮;鸡骨头;山霸王;山枙子;山栀子;万里香;万年青;臭皮;山桂花;小年药;山梔子;
科名：海桐花科 Pittosporaceae
属名：海桐花属 Pittosporum
39. 短萼海桐 山桂花（植物名实图考）；万里香（云南中草药）图版1：1
Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 545, 1908; Gowda in Journ. Arn. Arb. 32: 329, 1951. P. pauciflorum var. brevicalyx Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. 16: t. 1579, 1887. Pittosporum brevicalyx var. brevistamineum Gagnep. ;. c. Pittosporum neelgherrense var. laxiflora Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 414, 1886. Evonymus provicarii Levl. Cat. Pl. Yunnan 34, 1915. Pittosporum floribundum sensu Hand. -Mzt. Symb. Sin. 7, 448.
常绿灌木或小乔木，高达10米，小枝无毛，或幼嫩时有微毛。叶簇生于枝顶，二年生，薄革质，倒卵状披针形，稀为倒卵形或矩圆形，长5-12厘米，宽2-4厘米；先端渐尖，或急剧收窄而长尖，基部楔形；上面深绿色，发亮，下面幼时有微毛，不久变秃净；侧脉9-11对，在上面明显，在下面略突起；边缘平展；叶柄长1-1.5厘米，有时更长。伞房花序3-5条生于枝顶叶腋内，长3-4厘米，被微毛，花序柄长1-1.5厘米，花梗长约1厘米，苞片狭窄披针形，长4-6毫米，有微毛；萼片长约2毫米，卵状披针形，有微毛；花瓣长6-8毫米，分离；雄蕊比花瓣略短，有时仅为花瓣的一半；子房卵形，被毛，花柱往往有微毛，侧膜胎座2个，胚珠7-10个。蒴果近圆球形，压扁，直径7-8毫米，2片裂开，果片薄，胎座位于果片下半部；种子7-10个，长约3毫米，种柄极短。
分布于湖北、湖南、江西、广东、广西、贵州、云南的东南部及西北部、西藏的东南部。
这是一个分布较广的种，叶形及花和花序均稍有变化。叶通常矩圆状倒披针形，薄革质，但广东标本则常为矩圆形而且硬革质；花通常长7-8毫米，但云南标本亦有长5-6毫米的；蒴果通常短圆形，但广西及贵州某些标本的蒴果呈卵形。此外云南的标本叶面干后暗晦无光，其他各省的标本叶面常发亮。
P. pauciflorum var. brevicalyx Oliver [P. brevicalyx (Oliv.) Gagnep. 的基名] 所依据的标本是 Henry 采自宜昌和 Maries 采自九江，这个九江标本不属于本种，它是 P. illicioides Mak.。 Gagnepain 发表本种时是根据云南的标本。这个种的根皮供药用，有止咳及治慢性支气管炎的功效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Pittosporum brevicalyx (Oliver) Gagnepain
短萼海桐 duan e hai tong
Pittosporum pauciflorum Hooker & Arnott var. brevicalyx Oliver, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 16: t. 1579. 1887; Euonymus provicarii H. Léveillé; P. brevicalyx var. brevistamineum Gagnepain; P. neelgherrense Wight & Arnott var. laxiflorum Franchet.
Shrubs or small trees, ca. 10 m tall. Branchlets glabrous or young ones pubescent. Leaves clustered at branchlet apex, biennial; petiole 1–1.5 cm or more; leaf blade dark green and shiny adaxially, obovate-lanceolate, rarely obovate or oblong, 5–12 × 2–5 cm, thinly leathery, puberulous abaxially at first, soon glabrate, lateral veins 9–11-paired, slightly convex abaxially, prominent adaxially, base cuneate, margin flat, apex acuminate or long acuminate. Inflorescences 3–5 in leaf-axils at branchlet apex, corymbose, 3–4 cm, puberulous; peduncle 1–1.5 cm; bracts narrowly lanceolate, 4–6 mm, puberulous; pedicels ca. 1 cm. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm, puberulous. Petals free, 6–8 mm. Stamens slightly shorter than or sometimes 1/2 as long as petals. Ovary ovoid, pubescent; placentas 2, parietal; ovules 7–10. Style usually puberulous. Capsule subglobose, compressed, 7–8 mm in diam., dehiscing by 2 valves; pericarp thin; placentas in proximal part of valves. Seeds 7–10, 3–4 mm; funicle very short. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jul–Nov.
Forests, thickets, slopes, limestone areas, roadsides; 600--3500 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, SE Xizang (Zayü Xian), Yunnan.
Two syntypes were cited in the protologue: “Ichang [Yichang], Dr. Henry,” which agrees with P. brevicalyx as currently understood, and “Kiukiang [Jiujiang], Mr. Maries,” which agrees with P. illicioides.
The roots, bark, and capsules can be used medicinally in the treatment of chronic bronchitis and coughs.