矮松Pinus virginiana Miller
矮松Pinus virginiana Miller
37. 矮松（南京）
Pinus virginiana Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. 9. 1768; Sarg. Silva N. Am. 11:123. t. 581. 1897; Shaw, Gen. Pinus 80. t. 33. f. 284-287. 1914; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 63. 1927; ed. 2. 45. 1940, et Bibliogr. 40. 1949; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 571. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 504. 1966; Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl. rev. ed. 109. 1949.
小乔木，在原产地高15米，或可长成30米高的大乔木；树皮浅裂成鳞状块片；枝平展或下垂，枝皮平滑；枝条每年生长多轮，小枝暗褐红色，有白粉；冬芽矩圆形，深褐色，富树脂。叶2针一束，长4-8厘米，径约1毫米，刚硬，常扭曲；横切面扁半圆形，皮下层细胞一层，树脂道2-3个，中生，稀1个内生。球果圆锥状卵圆形或矩圆形，对称，长4-6厘米，红褐色，有光泽，熟时种鳞张开，宿存树上数年不落；种鳞的鳞盾多少沿横脊隆起，鳞脐突起，上部成细尖、下弯的刺。
原产北美。我国江苏南京有栽培，生长较慢。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Pinus virginiana Miller
矮松 ai song
Trees to 20 m tall; trunk to 0.5 m d.b.h. in native range; bark gray-brown, with irregular, scaly, plated ridges, reddish and scaly toward apex of trunk; crown irregularly rounded or flattened; branchlets red or purple tinged, often glaucous, aging red-brown or gray, slender, rough; winter buds red-brown, ovoid or cylindric, resinous or not, scales white fringed at margin. Needles 2 per bundle, deep to pale yellow-green, strongly twisted, 2-8 cm × 1-1.5 mm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, inconspicuous, base with persistent sheath 4-10 mm, margin serrulate. Seed cones subsessile or shortly pedunculate (peduncle to 1 cm), dull red-brown, ovoid when open, symmetric, 3-7(-8) cm, maturing in 2 years, then soon shedding seeds. Seed scales with strong purple-red or purple-brown border adaxially distally, rigid; apophyses slightly elongated and thickened; umbo low pyramidal, with a slender, stiff prickle. Seeds pale brown, mottled darker, compressed obovoid, 4-7 mm, apex oblique; wing to 2 cm, narrow.
Cultivated. Jiangsu (Nanjing Shi), Jiangxi (Lu Shan) [native to E United States]
别名：Virginia pine;扁叶松;弗吉尼亚松;
科名：松科 Pinaceae
属名：松属 Pinus
37. 矮松（南京）
Pinus virginiana Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. 9. 1768; Sarg. Silva N. Am. 11:123. t. 581. 1897; Shaw, Gen. Pinus 80. t. 33. f. 284-287. 1914; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 63. 1927; ed. 2. 45. 1940, et Bibliogr. 40. 1949; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 571. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 504. 1966; Bailey, Man. Cult. Pl. rev. ed. 109. 1949.
小乔木，在原产地高15米，或可长成30米高的大乔木；树皮浅裂成鳞状块片；枝平展或下垂，枝皮平滑；枝条每年生长多轮，小枝暗褐红色，有白粉；冬芽矩圆形，深褐色，富树脂。叶2针一束，长4-8厘米，径约1毫米，刚硬，常扭曲；横切面扁半圆形，皮下层细胞一层，树脂道2-3个，中生，稀1个内生。球果圆锥状卵圆形或矩圆形，对称，长4-6厘米，红褐色，有光泽，熟时种鳞张开，宿存树上数年不落；种鳞的鳞盾多少沿横脊隆起，鳞脐突起，上部成细尖、下弯的刺。
原产北美。我国江苏南京有栽培，生长较慢。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Pinus virginiana Miller
矮松 ai song
Trees to 20 m tall; trunk to 0.5 m d.b.h. in native range; bark gray-brown, with irregular, scaly, plated ridges, reddish and scaly toward apex of trunk; crown irregularly rounded or flattened; branchlets red or purple tinged, often glaucous, aging red-brown or gray, slender, rough; winter buds red-brown, ovoid or cylindric, resinous or not, scales white fringed at margin. Needles 2 per bundle, deep to pale yellow-green, strongly twisted, 2-8 cm × 1-1.5 mm, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, inconspicuous, base with persistent sheath 4-10 mm, margin serrulate. Seed cones subsessile or shortly pedunculate (peduncle to 1 cm), dull red-brown, ovoid when open, symmetric, 3-7(-8) cm, maturing in 2 years, then soon shedding seeds. Seed scales with strong purple-red or purple-brown border adaxially distally, rigid; apophyses slightly elongated and thickened; umbo low pyramidal, with a slender, stiff prickle. Seeds pale brown, mottled darker, compressed obovoid, 4-7 mm, apex oblique; wing to 2 cm, narrow.
Cultivated. Jiangsu (Nanjing Shi), Jiangxi (Lu Shan) [native to E United States]