火炬松Pinus taeda Linn.

别名：loblolly pine;台大松;太德松;火矩松;大德松;德达松;泰德松;火把松;

科名：松科 Pinaceae

属名：松属 Pinus

《中国植物志》第7卷274页
  32. 火炬松（通用名）　图版65: 1-7
  Pinus taeda Linn. Sp. Pl. 2: 1000, 1753; Sarg. Silva N. Am. 11: 111. t. 177-178. 1897; Beissn. Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2. 382. 1909; Beissn. u. Fitsch. ibidem ed. 3. 371. 1930; Shaw, Gen. Pinus 72. t. 30. f. 264-267. 1914; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. 463. 1923, ed. 3. 565. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 498. 1966; Rehd. Man. Cult, Trees and Shrubs 63. 1927, ed. 2. 44. 1940, et Bibliogr. 39. 1949; Bailey, Cult. Conif. 64. 1933, et Man. Cult. Pl. rev. ed. 109. 1949.
  乔木，在原产地高达30米；树皮鳞片状开裂，近黑色、暗灰褐色或淡褐色；枝条每年生长数轮；小枝黄褐色或淡红褐色；冬芽褐色，矩圆状卵圆形或短圆柱形，顶端尖，无树脂。针叶3针一束，稀2针一束，长12-25厘米，径约1.5毫米，硬直，蓝绿色；横切面三角形，二型皮下层细胞，三至四层在表皮层下呈倒三角状断续分布，树脂道通常2个，中生。球果卵状圆锥形或窄圆锥形，基部对称，长6-15厘米，无梗或几无梗，熟时暗红褐色；种鳞的鳞盾横脊显著隆起，鳞脐隆起延长成尖刺；种子卵圆形，长约6毫米，栗褐色，种翅长约2厘米。
  原产北美东南部。我国庐山、南京、马鞍山、富阳、安吉、闽侯、武汉、长沙、广州、桂林、南宁、柳州、梧州等地引种栽培，生长良好。在南京明孝陵有40多年生的树木，高24米，胸径45厘米；在安徽马鞍山引种造林，比当地的马尾松长势为旺，很少受松毛虫危害。这是一种很有发展前途的造林树种。
  木材供建筑等用并生产优良松脂。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Pinus taeda  Linnaeus
火炬松   huo ju song
Trees to 45 m tall; trunk to 1.6 m d.b.h. in native range; bark red-brown, forming square or irregularly oblong, scaly plates; crown broadly conical or rounded; branchlets orangish or yellow-brown, aging darker brown, ca. 1 cm in diam., rough; winter buds pale red-brown, conical-cylindric, slightly resinous, scales white fringed at margin. Needles ascending or spreading, dark yellow-green, slightly twisted, (10-)12-18(-23) cm × 1-2 mm, pliant, stomatal lines present on all surfaces, base with persistent sheath 1-2.5 cm, margin finely serrulate. Seed cones nearly terminal, solitary or in small clusters, sessile or subsessile, mostly dull yellow-brown, narrowly ovoid when open, 6-12 cm, maturing in 2 years, then soon shedding seeds. Seed scales without dark border adaxially distally; apophyses dull, rhombic, slightly thickened, variously raised but more so toward base of cone, strongly cross keeled; umbo strongly pyramidal, recurved, tapering to a stoutly based, sharp prickle. Seeds red-brown, obdeltoid, 5-6 mm; wing to 2 cm.
Cultivated. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong (Guangzhou Shi), Guangxi, Henan, Hubei (Wuhan Shi), Hunan, Jiangsu (Nanjing Shi), Jiangxi (Lu Shan), Taiwan, Zhejiang [native to SE United States]