油松Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.

别名：southern Chinese pine;

科名：松科 Pinaceae

属名：松属 Pinus

《中国植物志》第7卷251页
  20. 油松（河北）　短叶松（中国植物志略），红皮松（河北东陵），短叶马尾松、东北黑松、紫翅油松（东北木本植物图志），巨果油松（中国东北裸子植物研究资料）
  Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. Traite Conif. ed. 2. 510. 1867; Beissn. Handb. Nadelh. ed. 2. 438. 1909, Beissn. u. Fitsch. ibidem ed. 3. 410. 1930; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 7: 22. 1926, Man. Cult. Trees and Shrubs 62. 1927, ed. 2. 43. 1940, et Bibliogr. 39. 1949; Wils. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 9: 7. 1928; 胡先骕、陈焕镛, 中国植物图谱 1: 7. 图版7. 1927; Florin in Acta Hort. Gothoburg. 3: 2. 1927; 周汉藩, 河北习见树木图说 34. 图8. 1934; Clinton-Baker and Jackson, Illustr. New Conif. 54. t. 71. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学 22. 图12. 1937; Kitagawa, Repert Inst. Sci. Res. Manch. 3(1): 48. 1939; Walker in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 28: 594. 1941; 刘玉壶, 中研汇报 1(2): 151. 1947, 一部分; 邓叔群, ibidem 1(3): 223. 1947; Dallimore and Jackson, Handb. Conif. ed. 3. 563. f. 100. 1948, rev. Harrison, Handb. Conif. and Ginkgo. ed. 4. 497. f. 97. 1966, excl. syn.: Pinus henryi Mast., P. funebris Kom., P. wilsonii Shaw; Florin in Acta Hort. Berg. 14: 348. 1948; 郝景盛, 中国裸子植物志, 再版59. 1951; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志 95. 图版6 (21). 1955; 吴中伦, 植物分类学报 5(3): 155. 图版25. 图17. 1956; 竹内亮, 中国东北裸子植物研究资料 80. 图版17. 1958; 郑万钧等, 中国树木学 1: 203. 图90 (1-4). 1961; 北京师范大学生物系, 北京植物志 121. 图60. 1962; 中国科学院植物研究所, 中国高等植物图鉴 1: 311. 图622. 1972. —— Pinus leucosperma Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 16: 558. 1881. —— Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. var. tabulaeformis (Carr.) Fort. ex Mast. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 549. 1902. ——Pinus taihangshanensis Hu et Yao, 静生汇报 6(4): 167. 1935, syn. nov. —— Pinus tokunagai Nakai in Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. 4(2): 164. t. 19 f. 24. 1935. —— Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. var. tokunagai (Nakai) Takenouchi, 实验林时报 3: 290 t. 9. 1941, et in Journ. Jap. For. Soc. 24: 123. 1942, 中国东北裸子植物研究资料 84. 1958; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志 97. 图版6 (22). 1955. ——Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. vas. bracteata Takenouchi, l. c. 4: l. f. l. 1942. —— Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. f. jeholensis Liou et. Wang, 东北木本植物图志 97. 548. 1955. ——Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. f. purpurea Liou et Wang, l. c. —— Pinns sinensis auct. non Lamb.: Shaw in Sarg. Pl. Wilson. 2: 15. 1914, pro parte, et Gen. Pinus 60. 1914, pro paste; Rehd. in Journ. Arn Arb. 4: 120. 1923.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 4 (1999)
Pinus tabuliformis  Carrière
油松   you song
Trees to 25 m tall; trunk to over 1 m d.b.h.; bark grayish brown or dark gray, scaly; crown flat topped; 1st-year branchlets light grayish brown, light brown, or yellowish brown, thick, glabrous; winter buds oblong, slightly resinous. Needles 2(or 3) per bundle, dark green, semiorbicular in cross section, 6-15 cm × 1-1.5 mm, resin canals 5-9, marginal, rarely 1 or 2 median, base with persistent sheath initially 1-2 cm. Pollen cones 5-9 mm. Seed cones shortly pedunculate, initially green, turning yellowish brown to brown at maturity, ovoid to ovoid-globose, 2.5-9 × 4-9 cm, usually persistent for a few years. Seed scales suboblong-obovate, 1.6-2 × ca. 1.4 cm; apophyses swollen, broadly or irregularly rhombic, ridged or not, cross keeled; umbo protruding into a spine. Seeds pale brown, mottled, ovoid or narrowly so, 6-8 × 4-5 mm (1.5-1.8 cm including wing). Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Oct of 2nd year.
Hills, mountains; 100-2600 m. Gansu, Hebei, Henan, W Hubei, Hunan, S Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan [Korea]
The timber is used for construction, poles, mine timber, ship building, and furniture. The trunk can be used as a source of resin, the bark for tannin, and the needles for medicine.