大海黄堇Corydalis feddeana Levl.
大海黄堇Corydalis feddeana Levl.
106.大海黄堇（中国高等植物图鉴补编）断肠草（四川）图版51: 1-5
Corydalis feddeana Levl. in Fedde Repert. 12: 282. 1913; et Cat. Pl. Yunnan 202. 1916; Fedde in Fedde Repert. 19: 282. 1924, descr. emend; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 26: 77. 1926; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 677. 图8724. 1982; C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang in Act. Bot. Yunn. 6 (3): 253. 1984, non est C. feddeane Poell. 1938.——Corydalis feddei Lev. ex Fedde in Fedde Repert. 19: 282. 1924, in syn.——C. caespitosa C. Y. Wu in Act. Bot. Yunn. 6 (3): 253, fig. 6: 1-2. 1984, syn. nov.
无毛草本，高20-30厘米。须根多数成簇．纺锤状肉质增粗，长0.5-2.5厘米，粗3-5毫米，具短柄，基部钝并骤然变丝状，干时黑褐色。茎1-5条，直立．不分枝，上部具叶，下部裸露，基部丝状。基生叶1-3枚，叶柄纤细，长达4厘米，叶片轮廓近圆形，长约1厘米，二回三出全裂，小裂片线形至线状披针形；茎生叶1-3枚，于茎上部疏离互生，具短柄或近无柄，叶片一回奇数羽状全裂，裂片2-3对，线形，长1.5-5厘米，宽2-3毫米。总状花序顶生，长4-10厘米，多花，排列稀疏；苞片狭卵形至披针形，全缘，长于花梗。萼片早落；花瓣黄色，上花瓣长1.8-2.2厘米，花瓣片卵形，背部鸡冠状突起高1-1.5毫米，自先端延伸至距，距圆筒形，略长于花瓣片或与之近等长，下花瓣长约1厘米．上部卵形，具鸡冠状突起，中部缢缩，下部呈囊状，内花瓣提琴形，长约1厘米，花瓣片先端圆，中部具1侧生囊，爪楔形，与花瓣片近等长；雄蕊束长约7毫米，花药小，花丝披针形，蜜腺体贯穿距的1/4；子房狭倒卵形，长约4毫米，胚珠数枚，排成2列，花柱长约4毫米，先端弯曲，柱头双卵形，上端具4乳突。蒴果倒卵形至狭倒卵形，长1-1.2厘米，成熟时自果梗基部反折。种子圆形，直径约1.5毫米，黑色，具光泽。花果期6-8月。
产四川南部（雷波、美姑、喜德）和云南东北部（巧家、会泽），生于海拔3200-3500 (-4100）米的山顶杜鹃灌丛下或草坡。模式标本采自会泽大海。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Corydalis feddeana H. Léveillé Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 282. 1913.
大海黄堇 da hai huang jin
Corydalis caespitosa C. Y. Wu; C. feddei H. Léveillé ex Fedde.
Herbs, perennial, 20-30 cm tall, glabrous or sparsely papillose-pubescent at base; stems and petioles of radical leaves attenuate to filiform underground base. Storage roots densely fascicled, spindle-shaped, 10-25 × 2-5 mm, shortly and indistinctly stalked. Stems 1 to several, erect, simple, with 1-3 leaves in upper 1/2. Radical leaves few; petiole 3-6 cm; blade small, biternate; segments linear to linear-lanceolate. Cauline leaves: petiole 0.3-2 cm; blade 3-6 × 4-9 cm, pinnate with 2 or 3 pairs of linear to narrowly lanceolate pinnae 2-4(-5) × 0.2-0.5 cm; leaflets shortly stalked to sessile, lanceolate, 3-5(-8) cm × 3-10 mm, entire, abaxially with raised parallel veins; uppermost leaf often only ternately divided. Raceme 4-6 cm, at fruiting prolonged to 10 cm, 8-16(-20?)-flowered; bracts with short 1-3 mm petiole, ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 × 2-5 mm, entire, acuminate, in fruit sharply reflexed. Pedicel 5-9 mm, in fruit recurved and 8-13 mm. Sepals ca. 0.2 × 1 mm, dentate. Corolla yellow; upper petal 18-26 mm, with expanded margin, irregularly undulate, apex acuminate, abaxial crest ca. 1.5 mm, attenuate in both directions, hardly overtopping apex, narrowly decurrent on spur, sometimes almost to tip; spur slightly downcurved, 11-15 mm, tapering; nectary ca. 1/3 as long as spur; lower petal 9-10 mm, limb rhombic-acuminate, with dorsal crest, central part contracted, claw broadly and conspicuously saccate, sometimes with a minute peglike extension at very base; inner petals 8-9 mm. Stigma square; median 2 apical papillae distinct, closely set, lateral marginal papillae broad, indistinct; geminate papillae submarginal and on pronounced basal lobes. Capsule narrowly obovoid, 10-12 × ca. 3 mm, 8-12-seeded; style ca. 3 mm. Seeds in 2 rows, ca. 1.5 mm, smooth. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug.
● Mountain summits, among Rhododendron shrubs, grassy slopes; 3200-4100 m. S Sichuan (Leibo, Meigu, Xide), NE Yunnan (Huize, Qiaojia).
别名：断肠草;
科名：罂粟科 Papaveraceae
属名：紫堇属 Corydalis
106.大海黄堇（中国高等植物图鉴补编）断肠草（四川）图版51: 1-5
Corydalis feddeana Levl. in Fedde Repert. 12: 282. 1913; et Cat. Pl. Yunnan 202. 1916; Fedde in Fedde Repert. 19: 282. 1924, descr. emend; Lauener in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 26: 77. 1926; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 677. 图8724. 1982; C. Y. Wu et H. Chuang in Act. Bot. Yunn. 6 (3): 253. 1984, non est C. feddeane Poell. 1938.——Corydalis feddei Lev. ex Fedde in Fedde Repert. 19: 282. 1924, in syn.——C. caespitosa C. Y. Wu in Act. Bot. Yunn. 6 (3): 253, fig. 6: 1-2. 1984, syn. nov.
无毛草本，高20-30厘米。须根多数成簇．纺锤状肉质增粗，长0.5-2.5厘米，粗3-5毫米，具短柄，基部钝并骤然变丝状，干时黑褐色。茎1-5条，直立．不分枝，上部具叶，下部裸露，基部丝状。基生叶1-3枚，叶柄纤细，长达4厘米，叶片轮廓近圆形，长约1厘米，二回三出全裂，小裂片线形至线状披针形；茎生叶1-3枚，于茎上部疏离互生，具短柄或近无柄，叶片一回奇数羽状全裂，裂片2-3对，线形，长1.5-5厘米，宽2-3毫米。总状花序顶生，长4-10厘米，多花，排列稀疏；苞片狭卵形至披针形，全缘，长于花梗。萼片早落；花瓣黄色，上花瓣长1.8-2.2厘米，花瓣片卵形，背部鸡冠状突起高1-1.5毫米，自先端延伸至距，距圆筒形，略长于花瓣片或与之近等长，下花瓣长约1厘米．上部卵形，具鸡冠状突起，中部缢缩，下部呈囊状，内花瓣提琴形，长约1厘米，花瓣片先端圆，中部具1侧生囊，爪楔形，与花瓣片近等长；雄蕊束长约7毫米，花药小，花丝披针形，蜜腺体贯穿距的1/4；子房狭倒卵形，长约4毫米，胚珠数枚，排成2列，花柱长约4毫米，先端弯曲，柱头双卵形，上端具4乳突。蒴果倒卵形至狭倒卵形，长1-1.2厘米，成熟时自果梗基部反折。种子圆形，直径约1.5毫米，黑色，具光泽。花果期6-8月。
产四川南部（雷波、美姑、喜德）和云南东北部（巧家、会泽），生于海拔3200-3500 (-4100）米的山顶杜鹃灌丛下或草坡。模式标本采自会泽大海。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Corydalis feddeana H. Léveillé Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 282. 1913.
大海黄堇 da hai huang jin
Corydalis caespitosa C. Y. Wu; C. feddei H. Léveillé ex Fedde.
Herbs, perennial, 20-30 cm tall, glabrous or sparsely papillose-pubescent at base; stems and petioles of radical leaves attenuate to filiform underground base. Storage roots densely fascicled, spindle-shaped, 10-25 × 2-5 mm, shortly and indistinctly stalked. Stems 1 to several, erect, simple, with 1-3 leaves in upper 1/2. Radical leaves few; petiole 3-6 cm; blade small, biternate; segments linear to linear-lanceolate. Cauline leaves: petiole 0.3-2 cm; blade 3-6 × 4-9 cm, pinnate with 2 or 3 pairs of linear to narrowly lanceolate pinnae 2-4(-5) × 0.2-0.5 cm; leaflets shortly stalked to sessile, lanceolate, 3-5(-8) cm × 3-10 mm, entire, abaxially with raised parallel veins; uppermost leaf often only ternately divided. Raceme 4-6 cm, at fruiting prolonged to 10 cm, 8-16(-20?)-flowered; bracts with short 1-3 mm petiole, ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 × 2-5 mm, entire, acuminate, in fruit sharply reflexed. Pedicel 5-9 mm, in fruit recurved and 8-13 mm. Sepals ca. 0.2 × 1 mm, dentate. Corolla yellow; upper petal 18-26 mm, with expanded margin, irregularly undulate, apex acuminate, abaxial crest ca. 1.5 mm, attenuate in both directions, hardly overtopping apex, narrowly decurrent on spur, sometimes almost to tip; spur slightly downcurved, 11-15 mm, tapering; nectary ca. 1/3 as long as spur; lower petal 9-10 mm, limb rhombic-acuminate, with dorsal crest, central part contracted, claw broadly and conspicuously saccate, sometimes with a minute peglike extension at very base; inner petals 8-9 mm. Stigma square; median 2 apical papillae distinct, closely set, lateral marginal papillae broad, indistinct; geminate papillae submarginal and on pronounced basal lobes. Capsule narrowly obovoid, 10-12 × ca. 3 mm, 8-12-seeded; style ca. 3 mm. Seeds in 2 rows, ca. 1.5 mm, smooth. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug.
● Mountain summits, among Rhododendron shrubs, grassy slopes; 3200-4100 m. S Sichuan (Leibo, Meigu, Xide), NE Yunnan (Huize, Qiaojia).