小舌唇兰Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. F.
小舌唇兰Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. F.
14.小舌唇兰（中国高等植物图鉴）小长距兰（江苏植物志）、卵唇粉蝶兰（台湾兰科植物）、高山粉蝶兰（台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴）图版43：4-5
Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 36: 75. 1878; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 114. 1919; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 325. 1965; F. Maekawa, Wild Orch. Jap. Col. 176, pl. 51. 1971; Garay et Sweet, Orch. South. Ryukyu Isl. 165. 1974; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28(1-2): 135. 1975;中国高等植物图鉴5: 619, 图8067.1976; 海南植物志4: 195, 图1085, 1977; 江苏植物志1: 409, 图733. 1977;台湾兰科植物3: 235-236(图). 1987; K. Y. Lang in Bot. Res. Inst. Bot. 4: 9. 1989; 台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴2: 644. 1990; 安徽植物志5: 553, 图3093. 1992;浙江植物志7: 504,图7-674. 1993; K. Y. Lang in Bot. Res. Inst. Bot. 7: 119. 1994;福建植物志6: 643,图568. 1995. ——Habenaria japonica(Thunb.)A. Gary var. minor Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 207(Prol. Fl. Jap. 139). 1865-1866. ——Platanthera interrupta Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 31: 106. 1886. ——Habenaria henryi Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896: 202. 1896. ——-Platanthera henryi (Rolfe)Kraenzl. , Orch. Gen. Sp. 1: 632. 1899, syn. nov. ——Platanthera henryi (Rolfe)Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 55. 1903, syn. nov. ——Habenaria multibracteata W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 207. 1921, syn. nov.——Platanthera sigeyosii Masamune in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 46: 773. 1932.
植株高20-60厘米。块茎椭圆形，肉质，长1.5-2厘米，粗1-1.5厘米。茎粗壮，直立，下部具1-2 (-3)枚较大的叶，上部具2-5枚逐渐变小为披针形或线状披针形的苞片状小叶，基部具1-2枚筒状鞘。叶互生，最下面的1枚最大，叶片椭圆形、卵状椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，先端急尖或圆钝，基部鞘状抱茎。总状花序具多数疏生的花，长10-18厘米；花苞片卵状披针形，长0.8-2厘米，下部的较子房长；子房圆柱形，向上渐狭，扭转，无毛，连花梗长1-1.5厘米；花黄绿色，萼片具3脉，边缘全缘；中萼片直立，宽卵形，凹陷呈舟状，长4-5毫米，宽3.5-4毫米，先端钝或急尖；侧萼片反折，稍斜椭圆形，长5-6（-7）毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝；花瓣直立，斜卵形，长4-5毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝，基部的前侧扩大，有基出2脉及1支脉，与中萼片靠合呈兜状；唇瓣舌状，肉质，下垂，长5-7毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝；距细圆筒状，下垂，稍向前弧曲，长12-18毫米；蕊柱短；药室略叉开；药隔宽，顶部凹陷；花粉团倒卵形，具细长的柄和圆形的粘盘；退化雄蕊显著；蕊喙矮而宽；柱头1个，大，凹陷，位于蕊喙之下。花期5-7月。
产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、海南、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔250-2700米的山坡林下或草地。朝鲜半岛、日本也有分布。模式标本采自日本(Nagasaki) 。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Platanthera minor (Miquel) H. G. Reichenbach Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 36: 75. 1878.
小舌唇兰 xiao she chun lan
Habenaria japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray var. minor Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 207. 1865; H. henryi Rolfe; H. multibracteata W. W. Smith; Platanthera henryi (Rolfe) Kraenzlin; P. interrupta Maximowicz; P. multibracteata (W. W. Smith) Schlechter; P. sigeyosii Masamune.
Plants 20-60 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous, fusiform, elongate, 1.5-6 × 0.4-1.5 cm. Stem erect, stout, with 1 or 2 tubular sheaths at base, 1- or 2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves cauline, alternate, usually widely spaced, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-5 cm, base clasping, apex acute or obtuse-rounded. Peduncle robust, ridged, with 2-5 foliaceous, lanceolate bracts; rachis 10-18 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 mm, basal ones exceeding flowers, apex acuminate. Flowers yellowish green; pedicel and ovary slightly arcuate, cylindric-fusiform, 10-15 mm. Dorsal sepal erect, forming a hood with petals, broadly ovate, concave, 4-5 × 3.5-4 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals reflexed, elliptic, oblique, 5-6(-7) × 2.5-3 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals ovate, oblique, 4-5 × 2-2.5 mm, 2-veined, apex obtuse; lip spreading horizontally to slightly pendulous, ligulate, 5-8 × 1.5-2.5 mm, entire, apex obtuse; spur pendulous, cylindric, 11-18 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Column 3-4 mm; staminodes conspicuous; anther locules slightly divergent; connective broad, apex concave; pollinia obovoid, with slender caudicles and suborbicular viscidia; rostellum broad, short; stigma lobes confluent, concave, large, lying directly below rostellum. Fl. May-Jul. 2n = 42.
Forests on slopes, alpine meadows; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
别名：大一枝箭;长小距兰;小叶舌唇兰;舌唇兰;窄叶长距兰;斩蛇一支箭;亨利舌唇兰;土洋参;猪獠参;高山粉蝶兰;小长距兰;猪辽参;走肾草;斩龙一支箭;观音竹;鸭肾参;肾子草;蛇蓼子;卵唇粉蝶兰;
科名：兰科 Orchidaceae
属名：舌唇兰属 Platanthera
14.小舌唇兰（中国高等植物图鉴）小长距兰（江苏植物志）、卵唇粉蝶兰（台湾兰科植物）、高山粉蝶兰（台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴）图版43：4-5
Platanthera minor (Miq.) Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 36: 75. 1878; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 114. 1919; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 325. 1965; F. Maekawa, Wild Orch. Jap. Col. 176, pl. 51. 1971; Garay et Sweet, Orch. South. Ryukyu Isl. 165. 1974; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28(1-2): 135. 1975;中国高等植物图鉴5: 619, 图8067.1976; 海南植物志4: 195, 图1085, 1977; 江苏植物志1: 409, 图733. 1977;台湾兰科植物3: 235-236(图). 1987; K. Y. Lang in Bot. Res. Inst. Bot. 4: 9. 1989; 台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴2: 644. 1990; 安徽植物志5: 553, 图3093. 1992;浙江植物志7: 504,图7-674. 1993; K. Y. Lang in Bot. Res. Inst. Bot. 7: 119. 1994;福建植物志6: 643,图568. 1995. ——Habenaria japonica(Thunb.)A. Gary var. minor Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2: 207(Prol. Fl. Jap. 139). 1865-1866. ——Platanthera interrupta Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 31: 106. 1886. ——Habenaria henryi Rolfe in Kew Bull. 1896: 202. 1896. ——-Platanthera henryi (Rolfe)Kraenzl. , Orch. Gen. Sp. 1: 632. 1899, syn. nov. ——Platanthera henryi (Rolfe)Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 55. 1903, syn. nov. ——Habenaria multibracteata W. W. Smith in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 207. 1921, syn. nov.——Platanthera sigeyosii Masamune in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 46: 773. 1932.
植株高20-60厘米。块茎椭圆形，肉质，长1.5-2厘米，粗1-1.5厘米。茎粗壮，直立，下部具1-2 (-3)枚较大的叶，上部具2-5枚逐渐变小为披针形或线状披针形的苞片状小叶，基部具1-2枚筒状鞘。叶互生，最下面的1枚最大，叶片椭圆形、卵状椭圆形或长圆状披针形，长6-15厘米，宽1.5-5厘米，先端急尖或圆钝，基部鞘状抱茎。总状花序具多数疏生的花，长10-18厘米；花苞片卵状披针形，长0.8-2厘米，下部的较子房长；子房圆柱形，向上渐狭，扭转，无毛，连花梗长1-1.5厘米；花黄绿色，萼片具3脉，边缘全缘；中萼片直立，宽卵形，凹陷呈舟状，长4-5毫米，宽3.5-4毫米，先端钝或急尖；侧萼片反折，稍斜椭圆形，长5-6（-7）毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，先端钝；花瓣直立，斜卵形，长4-5毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝，基部的前侧扩大，有基出2脉及1支脉，与中萼片靠合呈兜状；唇瓣舌状，肉质，下垂，长5-7毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，先端钝；距细圆筒状，下垂，稍向前弧曲，长12-18毫米；蕊柱短；药室略叉开；药隔宽，顶部凹陷；花粉团倒卵形，具细长的柄和圆形的粘盘；退化雄蕊显著；蕊喙矮而宽；柱头1个，大，凹陷，位于蕊喙之下。花期5-7月。
产于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、香港、海南、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔250-2700米的山坡林下或草地。朝鲜半岛、日本也有分布。模式标本采自日本(Nagasaki) 。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Platanthera minor (Miquel) H. G. Reichenbach Bot. Zeitung (Berlin). 36: 75. 1878.
小舌唇兰 xiao she chun lan
Habenaria japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray var. minor Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 207. 1865; H. henryi Rolfe; H. multibracteata W. W. Smith; Platanthera henryi (Rolfe) Kraenzlin; P. interrupta Maximowicz; P. multibracteata (W. W. Smith) Schlechter; P. sigeyosii Masamune.
Plants 20-60 cm tall. Rootstock tuberous, fusiform, elongate, 1.5-6 × 0.4-1.5 cm. Stem erect, stout, with 1 or 2 tubular sheaths at base, 1- or 2(or 3)-leaved. Leaves cauline, alternate, usually widely spaced, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-5 cm, base clasping, apex acute or obtuse-rounded. Peduncle robust, ridged, with 2-5 foliaceous, lanceolate bracts; rachis 10-18 cm, laxly many flowered; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8-20 mm, basal ones exceeding flowers, apex acuminate. Flowers yellowish green; pedicel and ovary slightly arcuate, cylindric-fusiform, 10-15 mm. Dorsal sepal erect, forming a hood with petals, broadly ovate, concave, 4-5 × 3.5-4 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals reflexed, elliptic, oblique, 5-6(-7) × 2.5-3 mm, glabrous, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals ovate, oblique, 4-5 × 2-2.5 mm, 2-veined, apex obtuse; lip spreading horizontally to slightly pendulous, ligulate, 5-8 × 1.5-2.5 mm, entire, apex obtuse; spur pendulous, cylindric, 11-18 mm, apex obtuse or acute. Column 3-4 mm; staminodes conspicuous; anther locules slightly divergent; connective broad, apex concave; pollinia obovoid, with slender caudicles and suborbicular viscidia; rostellum broad, short; stigma lobes confluent, concave, large, lying directly below rostellum. Fl. May-Jul. 2n = 42.
Forests on slopes, alpine meadows; 200-3000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].