别名：石草果;云南石仙挑;云南石豆兰;炮火七;石海椒;马鞭兰;大岩枣子;滇石仙桃;果上叶;麦斛;转腰气;石枣子;岩火炮;鸦雀还阳;鸦鹊还阳;岩大炮;石风子;六棱锥;石凤子;乱角莲;

科名：兰科 Orchidaceae

属名：石仙桃属 Pholidota

《中国植物志》第18卷390页
  2.云南石仙桃（中国高等植物图鉴）
  Pholidota yunnanensis Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 24. 1903; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 189. 1919; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sinic. 7: 1350. 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28 (1, 2): 128. 1975;中国高等植物图鉴5: 691. 图8211. 1976; E. F. de Vogel in Orch. Monogr. 3: 74. 1988; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 114: 128. 1992;横断山区维管植物2: 2577. 1994.
  根状茎匍匐、分枝，粗4-6毫米，密被箨状鞘，通常相距1-3厘米生假鳞茎；假鳞茎近圆柱状，向顶端略收狭，长（1.5-) 2-5厘米，宽6-8毫米，幼嫩时为箨状鞘所包，顶端生2叶。叶披针形，坚纸质，长6-15厘米，宽7-18（-25）毫米，具折扇状脉，先端略钝，基部渐狭成短柄。花葶生于幼嫩假鳞茎顶端，连同幼叶从靠近老假鳞茎基部的根状茎上发出，长7-9 (-12)厘米；总状花序具15-20朵花；花序轴有时在近基部处略左右曲折；花苞片在花期逐渐脱落，卵状菱形，长6-8毫米，宽4.5-5.5毫米；花梗和子房长3.5-5毫米；花白色或浅肉色，直径3-4毫米；中萼片宽卵状椭圆形或卵状长圆形，长3.2-3.8毫米，宽2-2.5毫米，稍凹陷，背面略有龙骨状突起；侧萼片宽卵状披针形，略狭于中萼片，凹陷成舟状，背面有明显龙骨状突起；花瓣与中萼片相似，但不凹陷，背面无龙骨状突起；唇瓣轮廓为长圆状倒卵形，略长于萼片，宽约3毫米，先端近截形或钝并常有不明显的凹缺，近基部稍缢缩并凹陷成一个杯状或半球形的囊，无附属物；蕊柱长2-2.5毫米，顶端有围绕药床的翅，翅的两端各有1个不甚明显的小齿；蕊喙宽舌状。蒴果倒卵状椭圆形，长约1厘米，宽约6毫米，有3棱；果梗长2-4毫米。花期5月，果期9-10月。
  产广西、湖北西部、湖南西部、四川东北部至南部、贵州和云南东南部。生于林中或山谷旁的树上或岩石上，海拔1200-1700米。越南也有分布。模式标本采自云南蒙自。
形态特征：多年生草。根尖茎粗壮，横走，假鳞茎肉质，疏生，长圆或卵状长圆形，长2.5~5厘米，着生有多数须根。叶2片，生于假鳞茎顶端，披针形或线状披针形，长7~23厘米，宽9~25毫米，先端钝尖，基部渐狭或短柄，全缘，花茎从假鳞茎顶端2叶片中间抽出，总状花序顶生，通常有花10~18朵，
用    途：全草药用，有润肺止咳、活血止痛功效，主治肺热咳嗽、肺结核咯血、胸胁痛、胃、十二指肠热立3月经过多、淋巴结结核、跌打损伤。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Pholidota yunnanensis  Rolfe J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 24. 1903.
云南石仙桃   yun nan shi xian tao
Pholidota kouytcheensis Gagnepain.
Rhizomes creeping, 4-6 mm in diam., branched, densely covered by leathery sheaths; roots 1.5-2 mm in diam. Pseudobulbs usually spaced 1-3 cm on rhizome, subcylindric, (1.5-)2-5 cm × 6-8 mm, somewhat attenuate toward apex, embraced by leathery sheaths when young, apex 2-leaved. Leaves shortly petiolate, lanceolate, 6-15 × 0.7-1.8(-2.5) cm, papery, veins plicate, subobtuse. Inflorescence arising with young leaves from rhizome near base of last pseudobulb, 7-9(-12) cm; rachis 15-20-flowered, sometimes slightly flexuous toward base; floral bracts deciduous during flowering, ovate-rhombic, 6-8 × 4.5-5.5 mm. Flowers white or pale flesh-colored, 3-4 mm in diam.; pedicel and ovary 3.5-5 mm. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate-elliptic or ovate-oblong, slightly concave, 3.2-3.8 × 2-2.5 mm, dorsally slightly carinate; lateral sepals broadly ovate-lanceolate, slightly narrower than dorsal sepal, concave, dorsally conspicuously carinate. Petals similar to dorsal sepal, neither concave nor carinate; lip sigmoid, oblong-obovate in outline, ca. 4 × 3 mm, apex subtruncate or obtuse and often inconspicuously emarginate, slightly contracted and concave near base, forming a cupular or subglobose sac, ecallose; epichile 2.8-4 mm, abruptly recurved. Column 2-2.5 mm, apex winged and with 2 small teeth on both sides; rostellum broadly ligulate. Capsule obovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 1 cm × 6 mm, 3-ridged; fruiting pedicel 2-4 mm. Fl. May, fr. Sep-Oct.
Epiphytic on trees in forests or lithophytic on rocks along valleys; 1200-1700 m. Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, W Hunan, NE to S Sichuan, S Yunnan [N Vietnam].