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尖叶石仙桃Pholidota missionariorum Gagnep.

尖叶石仙桃Pholidota missionariorum Gagnep.

别名:

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:石仙桃属 Pholidota

《中国植物志》第18卷391页
  3.尖叶石仙桃(新拟)
  Pholidota missionariorum Gagnep. in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Pars ser. 2, 3: 145. 1931; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28 (1, 2): 128. 1975; E. F. de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 3: 73. 1988.
  根状茎匍匐,常分枝,直径2-3毫米,密被鳞片状鞘,节上疏生根,通常相距0.5-1厘米生假鳞茎;假鳞茎卵形,长1-2厘米,宽6-10毫米,干后亮浅黄色,顶端生2叶。叶披针形,厚革质,长4-8厘米,宽6-10毫米,最宽部分一般在下部1/3处,先端长渐尖,上面中脉凹陷而一对侧脉明显凸出,背面3脉浮凸;叶柄长3-7毫米。花葶生于幼嫩的假鳞茎顶端,连同幼叶从靠近老假鳞茎基部的根状茎上发出,长4-8厘米;总状花序具8-9朵花;花苞片卵形,长6-7毫米,在花期逐渐脱落;花梗和子房长4-5毫米;花白色,带绿色或略有红晕,直径约5-6毫米;中萼片卵形或宽卵形,长4-5毫米,宽2-2.5毫米;侧萼片与中萼片相似,略斜歪;花瓣椭圆形,长约3毫米,宽约1.8毫米;唇瓣近宽长圆形,长约4毫米,宽约3毫米,先端具钝的短尖,边缘皱波状,基部略凹陷;唇盘上通常具5脉,脉在近基部处略肥厚;蕊柱粗短,长约1.5毫米,顶端有翅围绕药床;翅中央低,两边高,略有不规则齿裂;蕊喙半圆形,近直立,明显高于药床边缘的翅。花期10-11月。
  产贵州(安顺、平坝)和云南东南部(砚山、麻栗坡、屏边)。生于林中树上或稍荫蔽的岩石上,海拔1100-1700米。模式标本采自贵州平坝。
形态特征:根状茎匍匐,常分枝,直径2—3毫米,密被鳞片状鞘,节上疏生根,通常相距 0.5—1厘米生假鳞茎;假鳞茎卵形,长1--2厘米,宽6—10毫米,干后亮浅黄色,顶 端生2叶。叶披针形,厚革质,长4--8厘米,宽6—10毫米,最宽部分一般在下部1乃 处,先端长渐尖,上面中脉凹陷而一对侧脉明显凸出,背面3脉浮凸;叶柄长3--7毫 米。花葶生于幼嫩的假鳞茎顶端,连同幼叶从靠近老假鳞茎基部的根状茎上发出,长 4--8厘米;总状花序具8--9朵花;花苞片卵形,长6--7毫米,在花期逐渐脱落;花 梗和子房长4--5毫米;花白色,带绿色或略有红晕,直径约5--6毫米;中萼片卵形或 宽卵形,长4—5毫米,宽2--2.5毫米;侧萼片与中萼片相似,略斜歪;花瓣椭圆形, 长约3毫米,宽约1.8毫米;唇瓣近宽长圆形,长约4毫米,宽约3毫米,先端具钝的 短尖,边缘皱波状,基部略凹陷;唇盘上通常具5脉,脉在近基部处略肥厚;蕊柱粗 短,长约1.5毫米,顶端有翅围绕药床;翅中央低,两边高,略有不规则齿裂;蕊喙半 圆形,近直立,明显高于药床边缘的翅。 花期10--11月。
产地分布:产贵州(安顺、平坝)和云南东南部(砚山、麻栗坡、屏边)。生于林中树上或稍 荫蔽的岩石上,海拔1100 1700米。模式标本采自贵州平坝。
参考文献:Pholidota missionariorum Gagnep.In Bull.Mus.Hist.Nat.Pars ser 2,3:145. 1931;S.Y.Hu in Quart.J.Taiwan Mus 28(1,2):128.1975;E.F.De Vogel in Orchid Monogr.3:73.1988。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Pholidota missionariorum  Gagnepain Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2. 3: 146. 1931.
尖叶石仙桃   jian ye shi xian tao
Pholidota rupestris Handel-Mazzetti.
Rhizomes creeping, often branched, 2-3 mm in diam., densely covered with scaly sheaths, nodes sparsely rooting; roots 0.5-1 mm in diam. Pseudobulbs usually 5-10 mm apart on rhizome, bright yellowish when dried, ovoid to subcylindric, 1-3 cm × 5-12 mm, base embraced by leathery sheaths, apex 2-leaved. Leaf blade linear-oblanceolate, nearly broadly linear, or lanceolate, 2-8 × 0.6-1 cm, thickly leathery, midvein concave and 2 lateral veins obviously convex adaxially, all 3 veins raised abaxially, margin slightly recurved, apex subacute to long acuminate; petiole 3-10 cm. Inflorescence arising with young leaves from rhizome near base of last pseudobulb, 3-8 cm; rachis straight, 3-9-flowered; floral bracts gradually falling off during flowering, ovate, 6-7 mm. Flowers white, tinged with green or reddish, 5-7 mm in diam.; pedicel and ovary 2-5 mm. Sepals ovate or broadly ovate, 3-5 × 2-2.5 mm, 1-veined; lateral sepals cymbiform, slightly oblique, narrower than dorsal sepal. Petals obovate-orbicular or elliptic, 2.5-3 × ca. 1.8 mm, 3-veined; lip nearly broadly oblong or obovate, ca. 4 × 3 mm, base slightly concave, margin crisped, apex obtusely mucronate or broadly emarginate; hypochile with 3 short keels at back; epichile 1-2 mm. Column 1.2-1.5 mm, thick, apex winged, slightly irregularly toothed; rostellum suberect, suborbicular. Capsule obovoid-ellipsoid, ca. 1 cm × 5 mm, slightly 3-ribbed; fruiting pedicel 1-2 mm. Fl. Jun, Oct-Nov, fr. Nov.
Epiphytic on trees in forests, lithophytic on shaded rocks; 1100-2600 m. C and SW Guizhou, SE Xizang, NW and SE Yunnan [Bhutan, Myanmar, N Vietnam].

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