栏目

球花石斛Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.

球花石斛Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.

别名:球花石斛兰;粗黄草;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:石斛属 Dendrobium

《中国植物志》第19卷083页
  10.球花石斛(植物分类学报)
  Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb. f., Ill. Hort. 22: 88, t. 207. 1875; W. W. Smith in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 202. 1921; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 26 (1, 2): 161. 1973; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 25, fig. 9. 1980; Averyanov, Vasc. Pl. Syn. Vietnam. Fl. 1: 82. 1990; Seidenf., l. c. 114: 208. 1992, et Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch.: 206. 1994; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 292. 1995; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China: 87, pl. 108. 1997; 中国兰花全书: 163. 1998.
  茎直立或斜立,圆柱形,粗状,长12-46厘米,粗7-16毫米,基部收狭为细圆柱形,不分枝,具数节,黄褐色并且具光泽,有数条纵棱。叶3-4枚互生于茎的上端,革质,长圆形或长圆状披针形,长9-16厘米,宽2.4-5厘米,先端急尖,基部不下延为抱茎的鞘,但收狭为长约6毫米的柄。总状花序侧生于带有叶的老茎上端,下垂,长10-16厘米,密生许多花,花序柄基部被3-4枚纸质鞘;花苞片浅白色,纸质,倒卵形,长10-15毫米,宽5-13毫米,先端圆钝,具数条脉,干后不席卷;花梗和子房浅白色带紫色条纹,长2.5-3厘米;花开展,质地薄,萼片和花瓣白色;中萼片卵形,长约1.5厘米,宽8毫米,先端钝,全缘,具5条脉;侧萼片稍斜卵状披针形,长1.7厘米,宽7毫米,先端钝,全缘,具5条脉;萼囊近球形,宽约4毫米;花瓣近圆形,长14毫米,宽12毫米,先端圆钝,基部具长约2毫米的爪,具7条脉和许多支脉,基部以上边缘具不整齐的细齿;唇瓣金黄色,半圆状三角形,长15毫米,宽19毫米,先端圆钝,基部具长约3毫米的爪,上面密布短绒毛,背面疏被短绒毛;爪的前方具1枚倒向的舌状物;蕊柱白色,长4毫米;蕊柱足淡黄色,长4毫米;药帽白色,前后压扁的圆锥形。花期4-5月。
  产云南东南部经南部至西部(屏边、金平、马关、勐海、思茅、普洱、墨江、景东、沧源、澜沧、墨江、腾冲一带)。生于海拔1100-1800的山地林中树干上。分布于印度东北部、缅甸、泰国、老挝、越南。模式标本采自缅甸。
形态特征:茎直立或斜立,圆柱形,粗状,长12—46厘米,粗7—16毫米,基部收狭为细圆柱形,不分枝,具数节,黄褐色并且具光泽,有数条纵棱。叶3—4枚互生于茎的上端,革质,长圆形或长圆状披针形,长9—16厘米,宽2.4—5厘米,先端急尖,基部不下延为抱茎的鞘,但收狭为长约6毫米的柄。总状花序侧生于带有叶的老茎上端,下垂,长10—16厘米,密生许多花,花序柄基部被3—4枚纸质鞘;花苞片浅白色,纸质,倒卵形,长10—15毫米,宽5—13毫米,先端圆钝,具数条脉,干后不席卷;花梗和子房浅白色带紫色条纹,长2.5—3厘米;花开展,质地薄,萼片和花瓣白色;中萼片卵形,长约1.5厘米,宽8毫米,先端钝,全缘,具5条脉;侧萼片稍斜卵状披针形,长1.7厘米,宽7毫米,先端钝,全缘,具5条脉;萼囊近球形,宽约4毫米;花瓣近圆形,长14毫米,宽12毫米,先端圆钝,基部具长约2毫米的爪,具7条脉和许多支脉,基部以上边缘具不整齐的细齿;唇瓣金黄色,半圆状三角形,长15毫米,宽19毫米,先端圆钝,基部具长约3毫米的爪,上面密布短绒毛,背面疏被短绒毛;爪的前方具1枚倒向的舌状物;蕊柱白色,长4毫米;蕊柱足淡黄色,长4毫米;药帽白色,前后压扁的圆锥形。花期4—5月。
产地分布:产云南东南部经南部至西部(屏边、金平、马关、勐海、思茅、普洱、墨江、景东、沧源、澜沧、墨江、腾冲一带)。生于海拔1100—1800的山地林中树干上。分布印度东北部、缅甸、泰国、老挝、越南。模式标本采自缅甸。
参考文献:Dendrobium thyrsiflorum Rchb.F.,I11.Hort.22:88,t.207.1875;W.W.Smith in Not.Eot.Gard.Edinb.13:202.1921;S.Y.Hu in Quart.J.,lalwanMus.26(1,2):161.1973;Seidenf.In Opera Bot.83:25,fig.9,1980;Ave—ryanov,Vasc.P1.Syn.Vietnam.F1.1:82.1990;Seidenf,1.C.114:208.1992,et lden. Guide Vietnam.Orch.:206.1994;Z.H.Tsi et S.C.Chen in ActaPhytotax.Sin.33(3):292.1995;Z.H.Tsi,S.C.ChenetK.Mori,WildOrch.China:87,p1.108.1997;中国兰花全书:163.1998,

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium thyrsiflorum  H. G. Reichenbach ex André Ill. Hort. 22: 88. 1875.
球花石斛   qiu hua shi hu
Callista thyrsiflora (H. G. Reichenbach ex André) M. A. Clements; Dendrobium densiflorum Wallich var. alboluteum J. D. Hooker; D. galliceanum Linden.
Stems erect or ascending, cylindric, 12-46 cm, stout, 7-16 mm in diam., base contracted and narrowly cylindric, with several nodes, with several longitudinal ridges, yellowish brown and glossy. Leaves 3 or 4 on upper part of stem, alternate, oblanceolate, 9-16 × 2.4-5 cm, leathery, base not decurrent into clasping sheaths, but narrowed into a stalk ca. 6 mm, apex acute. Inflorescence arising laterally on previous year’s leafy stem, pendulous, 10-16 cm, densely many flowered; peduncle with 3 or 4 papery basal sheaths; floral bracts pale white, obovate, 10-15 × 5-13(or more) mm, papery, with several veins, not convolute when dry, apex bluntly rounded. Pedicel and ovary with pale white stripes tinged with purple, 2.5-3 cm. Flowers spreading, thin; sepals and petals white, sometimes flushed pink especially abaxially, lip golden yellow, column white, foot pale yellow, anther cap white. Dorsal sepal ovate, ca. 15 × 8 mm, 5-veined, entire, obtuse; lateral sepals slightly obliquely ovate-lanceolate, ca. 17 × 7 mm, 5-veined, entire, obtuse; mentum subglobose, ca. 4 mm wide. Petals suborbicular, ca. 14 × 12 mm, 7-veined with many secondary veins, base with claw ca. 2 mm, margin irregularly finely toothed above base, apex bluntly rounded; lip suborbicular to triangular, ca. 15 × 19 mm, abaxially sparsely pubescent, adaxially densely pubescent, bluntly rounded, base with claw ca. 3 mm; claw ornamented with a ligulate structure; column foot ca. 4 mm; anther cap compressed, conic.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in mountain forests; 1100-1800 m. SE Yunnan [NE India, Laos, Myanmar, N Thailand, Vietnam].

TOP