栏目

具槽石斛Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl.

具槽石斛Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl.

别名:黄球石斛兰;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:石斛属 Dendrobium

《中国植物志》第19卷079页
  7.具槽石斛(云南植物研究)
  Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 24: t. 65. 1838; Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 293. 1861, et Gard. Chron. n. s., 1: 590. 1877; Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. 113: t. 6962. 1887, et Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 749. 1890; King et Pantl in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 55, pl. 78. 1898; Kraenzl. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 45 (IV. 50, II. B. 21): 66. 1910; S. J. Cheng et C. Z. Tang in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 6 (3): 283. 1984; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 19. 1985; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 292. 1995; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China: 86, pl. 107. 1997; 中国兰花全书: 170. 图6-13 (3). 1998.
  茎通常直立,肉质,扁棒状,长24-38厘米,从基部向上逐渐增粗,上部最粗处约1.5厘米,下部收狭为细圆柱形,粗3-4毫米,不分枝,具纵条纹和数个节,节间长2-5厘米,被膜质鞘,干后黄褐色带光泽。叶纸质,数枚,互生于茎的近顶端,常斜举,长圆形,长18-21厘米,宽4.5厘米,先端急尖或有时等侧2尖裂,基部稍收狭,但不下延为抱茎的鞘。总状花序从当年生具叶的茎上端发出,长8-15厘米,下垂,密生少数至多数花;花序柄基部有3-4枚覆瓦状的鞘;花苞片很小,狭卵状披针形,长约5毫米;花梗和子房长约2.5厘米;花质地薄,白天张开,晚间闭合,奶黄色;中萼片长圆形,长约2.5厘米,宽9毫米,先端近锐尖,具5-6条脉,侧萼片与中萼片近等大;萼囊圆锥形,宽而钝,长约5毫米;花瓣近倒卵形,长2.4厘米,宽1.1厘米,先端锐尖,基部收狭为短爪,具5条脉;唇瓣的颜色较深,呈橘黄色,近基部两侧各具1个褐色斑块,近圆形,长、宽约2厘米,两侧围抱蕊柱而使整个唇瓣呈兜状,先端微凹,基部具短爪,唇盘上面的前半部密被短柔毛,边缘具睫状毛;蕊柱长约5毫米;药帽前后压扁的半球形或圆锥形,顶端稍凹,光滑,前端边缘多少不整齐。花期6月。
  产云南南部(勐腊)。生于海拔700-800米的密林中树干上。锡金、印度东北部、缅甸、泰国、老挝也有。模式标本采自印度东北部。
形态特征:茎通常直立,肉质,扁棒状,长24—38厘米,从基部向上逐渐增粗,上部最粗处约1.5厘米,下部收狭为细圆柱形,粗3--4毫米,不分枝,具纵条纹和数个节,节间长2--5厘米,被膜质鞘,干后黄褐色带光泽。叶纸质,数枚,互生于茎的近顶端,常斜举,长圆形,长18—21厘米,宽4.5厘米,先端急尖或有时等侧2尖裂,基部稍收狭,但不下延为抱茎的鞘。总状花序从当年生具叶的茎上端发出,长8—15厘米,下垂,密生少数至多数花;花序柄基部有3---4枚覆瓦状的鞘;花苞片很小,狭卵状披针形,长约5毫米;花梗和子房长约2.5厘米;花质地薄,白天张开,晚间闭合,奶黄色;中萼片长圆形,长约2.5厘米,宽9毫米,先端近锐尖,具5---6条脉,侧萼片与中萼片近等大;萼囊圆锥形,宽而钝,长约5毫米;花瓣近倒卵形,长2.4厘米,宽1.1厘米,先端锐尖,基部收狭为短爪,具5条脉;唇瓣的颜色较深,呈橘黄色,近基部两侧各具1个褐色斑块,近圆形,长、宽约2厘米,两侧围抱蕊柱而使整个唇瓣呈兜状,先端微凹,基部具短爪,唇盘上面的前半部密被短柔毛,边缘具睫状毛;蕊柱长约5毫米;药帽前后压扁的半球形或圆锥形,顶端稍凹,光滑,前端边缘多少不整齐。花期6月。
产地分布:产云南南部(勐腊)。生于海拔700—800米的密林中树干上。锡金、印度东北部、缅甸、泰国、老挝也有。模式标本采自印度东北部。
参考文献:Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl.in Bot.Reg.24:t.65.1838;Rchb.F.In Walp. Ann.Bot.Syst.6:293.1861,et Gard.Chron.N.S,1:590.1877;Hook.F. In Bot Mag.113:t,6962.1887,et Fl.Brit.Ind.5:749.1890;King et Pantl in Ann.Bot.Gard.Calcutta 8:55,pl 78,1898;Kraenzl in Engler,Pflanzenr. 45(Ⅳ.50,Ⅱ.B.21):66.1910;S J.Cheng et C. Z.Tang in Acta Bot.Yunnan. 6(3):283.1984;Seidenf.In Opera Bot.83:19.1985;Z.H.Tsi et S.C Chen in Acta Phytotax.Sin.33(3):292.1995;2.H.Tsi,S.C.Chen et K.Mori,Wild Orch.China:86,p1 107.1997;中国兰花全书:170,图6--13(3).1998.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium sulcatum  Lindley Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24: ad t. 65. 1838.
具槽石斛   ju cao shi hu
Callista sulcata (Lindley) Kuntze.
Stem pseudobulbous, erect, clavate, compressed, narrowed toward base, 24-38 cm, 3-4 mm in diam. below, 1-2.5 cm in diam. at widest point, grooved, unbranched, nodes several, with longitudinal stripes, internodes 2-5 cm, with a membranous sheath, yellowish brown and glossy when dry. Leaves 3 or 4, subterminal, sessile, distichous, broadly elliptic to elliptic-ovate, 18-21 × ca. 4.5 cm, papery, apex acute. Inflorescence axillary, adjacent to leaf, subdensely 5-10-flowered; peduncle 2.5-3 cm, rachis short; basal sheaths 3 or 4, overlapping at base, distant above, ovate, 3.5-5 × 2-3 mm, membranous, 3-veined, subacute; floral bracts ovate, 3-4 × 2-3 mm, membranous, 3-veined, apex acute. Pedicel and ovary ca. 2.5 cm, slender. Flowers thin, uniformly golden yellow, lip with red-purple markings or stripes at base. Dorsal sepal oblong, ca. 25 × 9 mm, 5- or 6-veined, apex subacute; lateral sepals nearly equal to dorsal sepal; mentum conic, ca. 5 mm, broad and obtuse. Petals subobovate, ca. 24 × 11 mm, 5-veined, base contracted into a short claw, margin entire, apex acute; lip suborbicular to wedge-shaped, incurved, 18-20 × ca. 20 mm, adaxial surface densely pubescent near margin, base shortly clawed, margin minutely erose to ciliate-hairy, apex emarginate. Column ca. 5 mm; anther cap backward and forward compressed, subglobose or conic, glabrous, front margin ± irregular, apex emarginate.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in dense forests; 700-800 m. S Yunnan (Mengla) [NE India, N Laos, Myanmar, N Thailand].

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