华石斛Dendrobium sinense T. Tang et F. T. Wang
华石斛Dendrobium sinense T. Tang et F. T. Wang
56.华石斛(海南植物志)
Dendrobium sinense T. Tang et F. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12 (1): 41. 1974; 海南植物志 4: 222, 1977; Z. H. Tsi in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (4): 436. 1980.
茎直立或弧形弯曲而上举,细圆柱形,偶尔上部膨大呈棒状,长达21厘米,粗3-4毫米,不分枝,具多个节,节间长1.5-3厘米。叶数枚,二列,通常互生于茎的上部,卵状长圆形,长2.5-4.5厘米,宽6-11毫米,先端钝并且不等侧2裂,基部下延为抱茎的鞘,幼时两面被黑色毛,老时毛常脱落;叶鞘被黑色粗毛,幼时尤甚。花单生于具叶的茎上端,白色;花苞片卵状披针形,长6-7毫米,先端急尖,下面被黑色毛;花梗连同子房长1.5-2.5厘米,基部被2-3枚不等长的鞘,子房稍棒状:中萼片卵形,长约2厘米,宽7-9毫米,先端急尖,具5条脉;侧萼片斜三角状披针形,上侧边缘与中萼片等长,比中萼片宽,具7条脉;萼囊宽圆锥形,长约1.3厘米;花瓣近椭圆形,比中萼片稍长而较宽,先端稍钝,具7条脉;唇瓣的整体轮廓倒卵形,长达3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片近扇形,围抱蕊柱;中裂片扁圆形,小于两侧裂片先端之间的宽,先端紫红色,2裂,唇盘具5条纵贯的褶片;褶片红色,在中部呈小鸡冠状;蕊柱长约5毫米;蕊柱齿大,三角形;药帽近倒卵形,顶端微2裂,被细乳突。花期8-12月。
产海南(保亭、乐东、白沙、琼中)。生于海拔达1000米的山地疏林中树干上。
形态特征:茎直立或弧形弯曲而上举,细圆柱形,偶尔上部膨大呈棒状,长达21厘米,粗 3—4毫米,不分枝,具多个节,节间长1.5—3厘米。叶数枚,二列,通常互生于茎的 上部,卵状长圆形,长2.5--4.5厘米,宽6—11毫米,先端钝并且不等侧2裂,基部 下延为抱茎的鞘,幼时两面被黑色毛,老时毛常脱落;叶鞘被黑色粗毛,幼时尤甚。花 单生于具叶的茎上端,白色;花苞片卵状披针形,长6--7毫米,先端急尖,下面被黑 色毛;花梗连同子房长1.5—2.5厘米,基部被2—3枚不等长的鞘,子房稍棒状:中萼 片卵形,长约2厘米,宽7---9毫米,先端急尖,具5条脉;侧萼片斜三角状披针形, 上侧边缘与中萼片等长,比中萼片宽,具7条脉;萼囊宽圆锥形,长约1.3厘米;花瓣近椭圆形,比中萼片稍长而较宽,先端稍钝,具7条脉;唇瓣的整体轮廓倒卵形,长达 3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片近扇形,围抱蕊柱;中裂片扁圆形,小于两侧裂片先端之间的 宽,先端紫红色,2裂,唇盘具5条纵贯的褶片;褶片红色,在中部呈小鸡冠状;蕊柱 长约5毫米;蕊柱齿大,三角形;药帽近倒卵形,顶端微2裂,被细乳突。 花期8— 12月。
产地分布:产海南(保亭、乐东、白沙、琼中)。生于海拔达1000米的山地疏林中树干上。
参考文献:Dendrobium sinense T.Tang et F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax.Sin.12(1):41. 1974;海南植物志4:222,1977;Z.H.Tsi in Acta Phytotax.Sin.18(4):436. 1980.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium sinense Tang & F. T. Wang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 41. 1974.
华石斛 hua shi hu
Stems erect or arcuate, ascending, cylindric, slender, occasionally dilated and clavate distally, to 21 cm, 3-4 mm in diam., unbranched, with many nodes, internodes 1.5-3 cm. Leaves several, distichous, usually alternate along upper part of stem, ovate-oblong, 6-11 × 2.5-4.5(or more) cm, with black hairs on both surfaces when young, hairs often deciduous when old, base decurrent and forming clasping sheaths, apex obtuse and unequally bilobed; leaf sheaths with thick black hairs when young. Flowers solitary on upper portion of leafy stem; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 6-7 mm, abaxially densely black hairy, acute. Pedicel and ovary 1.5-2.5 cm; base with 2 or 3 unequal sheaths; ovary slightly clavate. Flowers yellow, apex of lip mid-lobe purplish red, lamellae red. Dorsal sepal ovate, ca. 20 × 7-9(or more) mm, 5-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals obliquely triangular-lanceolate, upper margin ca. as long as dorsal sepal, wider than dorsal sepal, 7-veined; mentum broadly conic, ca. 13 mm. Petals subelliptic, slightly longer and broader than dorsal sepal, 7-veined, apex slightly obtuse; lip obovate in outline, to 3.5 cm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes subflabellate, embracing column; mid-lobe oblate, bilobed, smaller than width between 2 lateral lobes; disk with 5 crestlike central lamellae. Column ca. 5 mm, teeth triangular, large; anther cap subobovoid, apex slightly bilobed, finely papillate.
● Epiphytic on tree trunks in open and mountain forests; ca. 1000 m. Hainan.
别名:华石槲;
科名:兰科 Orchidaceae
属名:石斛属 Dendrobium
《中国植物志》第19卷129页
56.华石斛(海南植物志)
Dendrobium sinense T. Tang et F. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12 (1): 41. 1974; 海南植物志 4: 222, 1977; Z. H. Tsi in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (4): 436. 1980.
茎直立或弧形弯曲而上举,细圆柱形,偶尔上部膨大呈棒状,长达21厘米,粗3-4毫米,不分枝,具多个节,节间长1.5-3厘米。叶数枚,二列,通常互生于茎的上部,卵状长圆形,长2.5-4.5厘米,宽6-11毫米,先端钝并且不等侧2裂,基部下延为抱茎的鞘,幼时两面被黑色毛,老时毛常脱落;叶鞘被黑色粗毛,幼时尤甚。花单生于具叶的茎上端,白色;花苞片卵状披针形,长6-7毫米,先端急尖,下面被黑色毛;花梗连同子房长1.5-2.5厘米,基部被2-3枚不等长的鞘,子房稍棒状:中萼片卵形,长约2厘米,宽7-9毫米,先端急尖,具5条脉;侧萼片斜三角状披针形,上侧边缘与中萼片等长,比中萼片宽,具7条脉;萼囊宽圆锥形,长约1.3厘米;花瓣近椭圆形,比中萼片稍长而较宽,先端稍钝,具7条脉;唇瓣的整体轮廓倒卵形,长达3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片近扇形,围抱蕊柱;中裂片扁圆形,小于两侧裂片先端之间的宽,先端紫红色,2裂,唇盘具5条纵贯的褶片;褶片红色,在中部呈小鸡冠状;蕊柱长约5毫米;蕊柱齿大,三角形;药帽近倒卵形,顶端微2裂,被细乳突。花期8-12月。
产海南(保亭、乐东、白沙、琼中)。生于海拔达1000米的山地疏林中树干上。
形态特征:茎直立或弧形弯曲而上举,细圆柱形,偶尔上部膨大呈棒状,长达21厘米,粗 3—4毫米,不分枝,具多个节,节间长1.5—3厘米。叶数枚,二列,通常互生于茎的 上部,卵状长圆形,长2.5--4.5厘米,宽6—11毫米,先端钝并且不等侧2裂,基部 下延为抱茎的鞘,幼时两面被黑色毛,老时毛常脱落;叶鞘被黑色粗毛,幼时尤甚。花 单生于具叶的茎上端,白色;花苞片卵状披针形,长6--7毫米,先端急尖,下面被黑 色毛;花梗连同子房长1.5—2.5厘米,基部被2—3枚不等长的鞘,子房稍棒状:中萼 片卵形,长约2厘米,宽7---9毫米,先端急尖,具5条脉;侧萼片斜三角状披针形, 上侧边缘与中萼片等长,比中萼片宽,具7条脉;萼囊宽圆锥形,长约1.3厘米;花瓣近椭圆形,比中萼片稍长而较宽,先端稍钝,具7条脉;唇瓣的整体轮廓倒卵形,长达 3.5厘米,3裂;侧裂片近扇形,围抱蕊柱;中裂片扁圆形,小于两侧裂片先端之间的 宽,先端紫红色,2裂,唇盘具5条纵贯的褶片;褶片红色,在中部呈小鸡冠状;蕊柱 长约5毫米;蕊柱齿大,三角形;药帽近倒卵形,顶端微2裂,被细乳突。 花期8— 12月。
产地分布:产海南(保亭、乐东、白沙、琼中)。生于海拔达1000米的山地疏林中树干上。
参考文献:Dendrobium sinense T.Tang et F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax.Sin.12(1):41. 1974;海南植物志4:222,1977;Z.H.Tsi in Acta Phytotax.Sin.18(4):436. 1980.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium sinense Tang & F. T. Wang Acta Phytotax. Sin. 12: 41. 1974.
华石斛 hua shi hu
Stems erect or arcuate, ascending, cylindric, slender, occasionally dilated and clavate distally, to 21 cm, 3-4 mm in diam., unbranched, with many nodes, internodes 1.5-3 cm. Leaves several, distichous, usually alternate along upper part of stem, ovate-oblong, 6-11 × 2.5-4.5(or more) cm, with black hairs on both surfaces when young, hairs often deciduous when old, base decurrent and forming clasping sheaths, apex obtuse and unequally bilobed; leaf sheaths with thick black hairs when young. Flowers solitary on upper portion of leafy stem; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 6-7 mm, abaxially densely black hairy, acute. Pedicel and ovary 1.5-2.5 cm; base with 2 or 3 unequal sheaths; ovary slightly clavate. Flowers yellow, apex of lip mid-lobe purplish red, lamellae red. Dorsal sepal ovate, ca. 20 × 7-9(or more) mm, 5-veined, apex acute; lateral sepals obliquely triangular-lanceolate, upper margin ca. as long as dorsal sepal, wider than dorsal sepal, 7-veined; mentum broadly conic, ca. 13 mm. Petals subelliptic, slightly longer and broader than dorsal sepal, 7-veined, apex slightly obtuse; lip obovate in outline, to 3.5 cm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes subflabellate, embracing column; mid-lobe oblate, bilobed, smaller than width between 2 lateral lobes; disk with 5 crestlike central lamellae. Column ca. 5 mm, teeth triangular, large; anther cap subobovoid, apex slightly bilobed, finely papillate.
● Epiphytic on tree trunks in open and mountain forests; ca. 1000 m. Hainan.