栏目

竹枝石斛Dendrobium salaccense (Bl.) Lindl

竹枝石斛Dendrobium salaccense (Bl.) Lindl

别名:

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:石斛属 Dendrobium

《中国植物志》第19卷075页
  1.竹枝石斛(海南植物志)
  Dendrobium salaccense (Bl.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl. : 86. 1830; J. J. Smith, Fl. Buit. 6: 348. 1905; Kraenzl. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 45 (IV. 50. II. B. 21): 169. 1910; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 26 (1, 2): 160. 1973; 海南植物志 4: 223. 1977; Z. H. Tsi in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (4): 434. 1980; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 244, fig. 165. 1985; Averyanov, Vasc. Pl. Syn. Vietnam. Fl. 1: 80. 1990; Seidenf. et J. J. Wood, Orch. Penins. Malay. Singap. : 427. 1992; Averyanov, Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch. : 179. 1994; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 292. 1995. ——Grastidium salaccense Bl., Bijdr. 7: 333. 1825.
  茎似竹枝,直立,圆柱形,长达1米余,粗3-4毫米,近木质,不分枝,具多节;节间长2-2.5厘米,被叶鞘所包裹。叶二列,狭披针形,长10-14.5厘米,宽7-11毫米,向先端渐尖,先端一侧多少钩转,基部收窄为叶鞘;叶鞘与叶片相连接处具1个关节。花序与叶对生并且穿鞘而出,具1-4朵花;花序柄很短,基部被2-3枚苞片;花苞片淡褐色,近蚌壳状,长约3毫米;花梗和子房黄绿色,纤细,长约17毫米;花小,黄褐色,开展;中萼片近椭圆形,长8-9毫米,宽3.5-4毫米,先端锐尖,具9条脉;侧萼片斜卵状披针形,与中萼片近等大,先端锐尖,基部贴生在蕊柱足上,萼囊长6毫米;花瓣近长圆形,与中萼片等长,但稍较窄,先端锐尖,具3条脉,其靠边缘的脉分枝;唇瓣紫色,倒卵状椭圆形,长12毫米,宽约5毫米,先端圆形并且具1个短尖,上面中央具1条黄色的龙骨脊,近先端处具1个长条形的胼胝体;蕊柱黄色,长约4毫米;药帽黄色,圆锥形。花期2-4 (-7) 月。
  产海南(三亚市、保亭、昌江、白沙、儋县等)、云南南部(勐腊)、西藏(墨脱?)。常生于海拔650-1000米的林中树干上或疏林下岩石上。分布于缅甸、泰国、老挝、越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚。模式标本采自印度尼西亚(爪哇)。
形态特征:茎似竹枝,直立,圆柱形,长达1米余,粗3--4毫米,近木质,不分枝,具多节;节间长2--2.5厘米,被叶鞘所包裹。叶二列,狭披针形,长10—14.5厘米,宽7—11毫米,向先端渐尖,先端一侧多少钩转,基部收窄为叶鞘;叶鞘与叶片相连接处具1个关节。花序与叶对生并且穿鞘而出,具1--4朵花;花序柄很短,基部被2—3枚苞片;花苞片淡褐色,近蚌壳状,长约3毫米;花梗和子房黄绿色,纤细,长约17毫米;花小,黄褐色,开展;中萼片近椭圆形,长8--9毫米,宽3.5--4毫米,先端锐尖,具9.条脉;侧萼片斜卵状披针形,与中萼片近等大,先端锐尖,基部贴生在蕊柱足上,萼囊长6毫米;花瓣近长圆形,与中萼片等长,但稍较窄,先端锐尖,具3条脉,其靠边缘的脉分枝;唇瓣紫色,倒卵状椭圆形,长12毫米,宽约5毫米,先端圆形并且具1个短尖,上面中央具1条黄色的龙骨脊,近先端处具1个长条形的胼胝体;蕊柱黄色,长约4毫米;药帽黄色,圆锥形。花期2—4(--7)月。
产地分布:产海南(三亚市、保亭、昌江、白沙、儋县等)、云南南部(勐腊)、西藏(墨脱?)。常生于海拔650—1000米的林中树干上或疏林下岩石上。分布于缅甸、泰国、老挝、越南、马来西亚、印度尼西亚。模式标本采自印度尼西亚(爪哇)。
参考文献:Dendrobium salaccense(Bl.)Lindl,Gen.Sp.Orch.P1.:86.1830;.J,J Smith,Fl.Buit.6:348.1905;Kraenzl.In Engler,Pflanzenr.45(Ⅳ.50.Ⅱ.B. 21):169,1910;S.Y.Hu in Quart.J.Taiwan Mus.26(1,2):160.1973;海南植 物志4:223.1977;Z.H.Tsi in Acta Phytotax.Sin.18(4):434.1980;Seidenf. In Opera Bot.83:244,fig.165.1985;Averyanov,Vasc.P1.Syn.Vietnam.F1. 1:80.1990;Seidenf.Et J.J.Wood,Orch.Penins.Malay.Singap.:427.1992; Averyanov,Iden.Guide Vietnam.Orch.:179.1994;Z.H.Tsi et S.C.Chen in Acta Phytotax.Sin.33(3):292.1995.---Grastidium salaccense Bl,Bijdr.7: 333.1825.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium salaccense  (Blume) Lindley Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 86. 1830.
竹枝石斛   zhu zhi shi hu
Grastidium salaccense Blume, Bijdr. 333. 1825; Callista intermedia (Teijsmann & Binnendijk) Kuntze; C. salaccense (Blume) Kuntze; Dendrobium bambusifolium E. C. Parish & H. G. Reichenbach; D. cathcartii J. D. Hooker; D. haemoglossum Thwaites; D. intermedium Teijsmann & Binnendijk.
Stem erect, tough, bamboolike, cylindric, to 1 m, 3-4 mm in diam., unbranched, with many nodes, internodes 2-2.5 cm, enclosed in leaf sheaths. Leaves arranged in 2 rows, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 15 × 2 cm, base contracted into a sheath, acuminate toward apex, apex ± hooked on one side; sheaths articulate at junction with blade. Inflorescence emerging through sheaths, apparently leaf-opposed, 1-4-flowered; peduncle very short, base with 2 or 3 bracts; floral bracts pale brown, shell-like, ca. 3 mm. Pedicel and ovary yellowish green, ca. 1.7 cm, slender. Flowers spreading, small; sepals and petals yellowish brown, lip purple, column and anther cap yellow. Dorsal sepal subelliptic, 8-9 × 3.5-4(or more) mm, 9-veined, obtuse to rounded; lateral sepals obliquely ovate-lanceolate, nearly as large as dorsal sepal, base adnate to column foot, apex obtuse to rounded; mentum ca. 6 mm. Petals suboblong, ca. as long as dorsal sepal, but slightly narrower, 3-veined, marginal veins branched, apex obtuse to rounded; lip obovate-elliptic, ca. 12 × 5 mm, adaxial surface with 1 central yellow ridge, with a long tapelike callus near apex, rounded, mucronate. Column ca. 4 mm; anther cap conic.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in forests, lithophytic on rocks in open forests; 600-1000 m. Hainan, SE Xizang (Mêdog), S Yunnan (Mengla) [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam].

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