栏目

金耳石斛Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl.

金耳石斛Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl.

别名:

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:石斛属 Dendrobium

《中国植物志》第19卷093页
  19. 金耳石斛(云南种子植物名录)图版12:2
  Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3: 8. 1859; Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. 99: t. 6013. 1873; Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 2: 616. 1887; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 745. 1890; King et Pantl. in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 59, pl. 83. 1898; Kraenzl. in Engler, Pflanzenr. 45 (IV. 50, II. B. 21): 43. 1910; W. W. Smith in Not. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 13: 200. 1921; Hand. -Mazz., Symb. Sin. 7: 1352. 1936; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 26 (1, 2): 157. 1973; Z. H. Tsi in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (4): 440. 1980. ——D. fimbriatum Hook. var. bimaculosum T. Tang et F. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. 1 (1): 41, 81. 1951.
  茎下垂,质地硬,圆柱形,长30-80厘米,粗4-7毫米,不分枝、具多节,节间长2-5厘米,干后淡黄色。叶薄革质,二列,互生于整个茎上,卵状披针形或长圆形,长7-17厘米,宽2-3.5厘米,上部两侧不对称,先端长急尖,基部稍收狭并且扩大为鞘;叶鞘紧抱于茎。总状花序1至数个,侧生于具叶的老茎中部,长4-10厘米,疏生2-7朵花;花序柄通常与茎交成90度角向外伸,长2.5-5厘米,基部具3-4枚套叠的鞘,在基部的鞘最短,上端的最长;花苞片卵状披针形,长4-6毫米,先端急尖;花梗和子房长3-4厘米;花质地薄,金黄色,开展;中萼片椭圆状长圆形,长2.4-3.5厘米,宽9-16厘米,先端锐尖,具7条脉;侧萼片长圆形,长2.4-3.5厘米,宽9-16毫米,先端近钝,具7条脉,先端锐尖,基部歪斜;萼囊圆锥形,长约8毫米;花瓣长圆形,长2.4-3.5厘米,宽10-18毫米,先端近钝,具7条脉,边缘全缘;唇瓣近圆形,宽2-3厘米,基部具短爪,两侧围抱蕊柱,边缘具复式流苏,上面密布短绒毛,唇盘两侧各具1个紫色斑块,爪上具1枚胼胝体;蕊柱长约4毫米,上端扩大;药帽圆锥形,光滑,前端边缘具细齿。花期7-9月。
  产云南西南部至西北部(贡山、怒江河谷、腾冲)、西藏东南部(墨脱、波密、林芝)。生于海拔1000-2300米的山谷岩石上或山地林中树干上。锡金、印度东部也有。模式标本采自锡金。
形态特征:茎下垂,质地硬;圆柱形,长30—80厘米,粗4—7毫米;不分枝、具多节,节间 长2—5厘米,干后淡黄色。叶薄革质,二列,互生于整个茎上,卵状披针形或长圆形, 长7—17厘米,宽2—3.5厘米,上部两侧不对称,先端长急尖,基部稍收狭并且扩大 为鞘;叶鞘紧抱于茎。总状花序1至数个,侧生于具叶的老茎中部,长4—10厘米入、疏 生2—7朵花;花序柄通常与茎交成90度角向外伸,长2.5—5厘米,基部具3—4枚套 叠的鞘,在基部的鞘最短,上端的最长;花苞片卵状披针形,长4—6毫米,先端急尖; 花梗和子房长3—4厘米;花质地薄,金黄色,开展;中萼片椭圆状长圆形,长2.4— 3.5厘米,宽9—16厘米,先端锐尖,具7条脉;侧萼片长圆形,长2.4—3.5厘米, 宽9—16毫米,先端近钝,具7条脉,先端锐尖,基部歪斜;萼囊圆锥形,长约8毫 米;花瓣长圆形,长2.4—3.5厘米,宽10—18毫米,先端近钝,具7条脉,边缘全 缘;唇瓣近圆形,宽2—3厘米,基部具短爪,两侧围抱蕊柱,边缘具复式流苏,上面 密布短绒毛,唇盘两侧各具1个紫色斑块,爪上具1枚胼胝体;蕊柱长约4毫米,上端 扩大;药帽圆锥形,光滑,前端边缘具细齿。 花期7--9月。
产地分布:产云南西南部至西北部(贡山、怒江河谷、腾冲)、西藏东南部(墨脱、波密、林 芝)。生于海拔1000--2300米的山谷岩石上或山地林中树干上。锡金、印度东部也有。 模式标本采自锡金。
参考文献:Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl.In J.Linn.Soc.Bot.3:8.1859;Hook.F.In Bot.Mag.99:t.6013.1873;Rchb.F.In Gard.Chron.Ser.3,2:616.1887; Hook.F·,F1.Brit.Ind.5:745.1890;King et Pantl.In Ann.Bot.Gard.Calcutta 8:59,p1.83.1898;Kraenzl,in Engler,Pflanzenr 45(Ⅳ.50,Ⅱ.B.21):43. 1910;W.W.Smith in Not.Bot.Gard,Edinb.13:200.1921;Hand.—Mazz, Syrnb.Sin.7:1352.1936;S.Y.Hu in Quart.J.Taiwan Mus.26(1,2):157. 1973;Z.H.Tsi in Acta Phytotax.Sin.18(4):440.1980.——D.Fimbriatum Hook.Var.bimaculosumT.Tang et F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax.1(1):41,81. 1951

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Dendrobium hookerianum  Lindley J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 8. 1858.
金耳石斛   jin er shi hu
Callista hookeriana (Lindley) Kuntze; Dendrobium fimbriatum Hooker var. bimaculosum Tang & F. T. Wang.
Stems pendulous, cylindric, 30-80 cm, 4-7 mm in diam., rigid, unbranched, with many nodes, internodes 2-5 cm, pale yellow when dry. Leaves alternate along entire stem, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, 7-17 × 2-3.5 cm, leathery, base slightly contracted and dilated into sheaths, upper part asymmetric, apex long acute; leaf sheath tightly embracing stem. Inflorescences 1 to several, along distal part of current season’s mature leafy stems, 4-10 cm, laxly 2-7-flowered; peduncle 2.5-5 cm, often spreading outward at 90° angle to stem; basal sheaths 3 or 4, overlapping, lowermost shortest, upper longest; floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, 4-6 mm, apex acute. Pedicel and ovary 3-4 cm. Flowers spreading, thinly textured, golden yellow, disk with a purple blotch on each side. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, 24-35 × 9-16 mm, 7-veined, acute; lateral sepals oblong, 24-35 × 9-16(or more) mm, 7-veined, base oblique, apex subobtuse or acute; mentum conic, ca. 8 mm. Petals oblong, 24-35 × 10-18(or more) mm, 7-veined, margin entire, apex subobtuse; lip suborbicular, 20-30 mm wide, adaxially densely pubescent, base shortly clawed, claw with a callus, margin compound fimbriate. Column ca. 4 mm, upper part enlarged; anther cap conic, glabrous, front margin denticulate.
Lithophytic on rocks in mountain valleys, epiphytic on tree trunks in mountain forests; 1000-2300 m. SE Xizang, W Yunnan [E and NE India].
H. P. Wood (Dendrobiums, 641. 2006) considered Dendrobium hookerianum to be on the borderline between D. sect. Dendrobium and D. sect. Holochrysa.H. P. Wood (Dendrobiums, 641. 2006) considered Dendrobium hookerianum to be on the borderline between D. sect. Dendrobium and D. sect. Holochrysa.

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