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滇南虎头兰Cymbidium wilsonii (Rolfe ex Cook) Rolfe

滇南虎头兰Cymbidium wilsonii (Rolfe ex Cook) Rolfe

别名:豆瓣兰;短叶虎头兰;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:兰属 Cymbidium

《中国植物志》第18卷204页
  10.滇南虎头兰(中国兰花全书)
  Cymbidium wilsonii (Rolfe ex Cook) Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 12: 97. 1904; Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. Beih. 4: 272. 1919; Y. S. Wu et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18 (3): 303. 1980; Du Puy et Cribb, Genus Cymbidium 121. phot. 90, 91. fig. 23 (5). 1988;中国兰花全书83. 1998.——Cymbidium giganteum Wall. ex Lindl. var. wilsonii Rolfe ex Cook in The Garden 65: 158, 189 (fig.). 1904. ——Cyperorchis wilsonii (Rolfe ex Cook) Schltr. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. 20: 108. 1924.
  附生植物;假鳞茎狭卵形,长约6厘米,宽约3厘米。叶7枚,长达90厘米,宽约2.5厘米,先端急尖,关节位于距基部6-11厘米处。花葶近直立、平展或下弯,长25-70厘米;总状花序具5-15朵花;花苞片三角形,很小;花梗和子房长2.2-4.2厘米;花直径9-10厘米,有香气;萼片与花瓣黄绿色,有不甚明显的红褐色纵脉,下部脉上有红褐色小斑点,唇瓣奶油黄色,侧裂片上有暗红褐色脉纹,中裂片上沿边缘有宽阔的斑纹带,授粉后整个唇瓣变为紫红色;唇盘上2条纵褶片奶油黄色,有红褐色斑点;萼片狭倒卵形,长4.4-5.7厘米,宽1.2-1.9厘米;花瓣亦为狭倒卵形,长4-5.3厘米,宽7-13毫米;唇瓣3裂,基部与蕊柱合生达3.5-5毫米;侧裂片上具短毛,边缘有缘毛;中裂片长1.5-1.8厘米,上面有乳突和短毛,边缘波状;蕊柱长2.7-3.2厘米,两侧有宽翅,腹面近基部疏生短毛和乳突;花粉团2个,三角形。花期2-4月。
  产云南南部(蒙自)。生于林中树上,海拔约2000米。(模式标本产地)
  此种甚近虎头兰C. hookerianum,但叶较宽,蕊柱较短,萼片与花瓣上有不甚明显的红褐色纵脉,可以区别。但上述特征与黄蝉兰C. iridioides相近,故有人认为本种可能是它与虎头兰之间的杂种。由于我们没有采到标本,难以判断。上面描述摘自Du Puy & Cribb的《The Genus Cymbidium)。
形态特征:附生植物;假鳞茎狭卵形,长约6厘米,宽约3厘米。叶7枚,长达90厘米,宽 约2.5厘米,先端急尖,关节位于距基部6—11厘米处。花葶近直立、平展或下弯,长 25--70厘米;总状花序具5—15朵花;花苞片三角形,很小;花梗和子房长2.2--4.2 厘米;花直径9—10厘米,有香气;萼片与花瓣黄绿色,有不甚明显的红褐色纵脉,下 部脉上有红褐色小斑点,唇瓣奶油黄色,侧裂片上有暗红褐色脉纹,中裂片上沿边缘有 宽阔的斑纹带,授粉后整个唇瓣变为紫红色;唇盘上2条纵褶片奶油黄色,有红褐色斑 点;萼片狭倒卵形,长4.4—5.7厘米,宽1,2--1.9厘米;花瓣亦为狭倒卵形,长4— 5.3厘米,宽7—13毫米;唇瓣3裂,基部与蕊柱合生达3.5--5毫米;侧裂片上具短 毛,边缘有缘毛;中裂片长1.5—1.8厘米,上面有乳突和短毛,边缘波状;蕊柱长2.7--3.2厘米,两侧有宽翅,腹面近基部疏生短毛和乳突;花粉团2个,三角形。 花期2--4月。
产地分布:产云南南部(蒙自)。生于林中树上,海拔约2000米。(模式标本产地)
本种提示:此种甚近虎头兰C.hookerianum,但叶较宽,蕊柱较短,萼片与花瓣上有不甚明 显的红褐色纵脉,可以区别。但上述特征与黄蝉兰C.iridioides相近,故有人认为本种 可能是它与虎头兰之间的杂种。由于我们没有采到标本,难以判断。上面描述摘自Du Puy &Cribb的《TheGenusCymbidium》。
参考文献:Cymbidium wilsonii(Rolfeex Cook) Rolfe in Orch,Rev,12:97,1904;Schltr. In Fedde Repert.Sp.Nov.Beih.4:272. 1919;Y.S.Wu et S.C,Chen in Acta Phytotax.Sin.18(3):303.1980;Du Puy et Cribb,Genus Cymbidium 121.Phot. 90,91.Fig.23(5).1988;中国兰花全书83. 1998.----Cymbidium giganteum Wall.Ex Lindl. Var. Wilsonii Rolfe ex Cook in The Garden 65: 158,189(fig.). 1904.--Cyperorchis wilsonii(Rolfe ex Cook)Schltr.In Fedde Repert,Sp.Nov. 20:108.1924.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Cymbidium wilsonii  (Rolfe ex E. T. Cook) Rolfe Orchid Rev. 12: 79. Ma. 1904.
滇南虎头兰   dian nan hu tou lan
Cymbidium giganteum Wallich ex Lindley var. wilsonii Rolfe ex E. T. Cook, Garden (London, 1871-1927) 65: 158. 27 Feb 1904 ["wilsoni"]; Cyperorchis wilsonii (Rolfe ex E. T. Cook) Schlechter.
Plants epiphytic, autotrophic. Pseudobulbs narrowly ovoid, bilaterally flattened, ca. 6 × 3 cm. Leaves 7, lorate, ca. 90 × 2.5 cm, articulate 6-11 cm from base, apex acute. Inflorescence suberect or arching, 25-70 cm; rachis 5-15-flowered; floral bracts triangular, very small. Flowers slightly fragrant, 9-10 cm in diam.; pedicel and ovary 22-42 mm; sepals and petals green or yellowish green with inconspicuous reddish brown longitudinal venation and more distinct reddish brown speckles along veins; lip cream-yellow with dark reddish brown striations on lateral lobes and with a submarginal V-shaped reddish brown patch composed of dense spots and blotches along apical margin of mid-lobe, becoming purplish red following pollination. Sepals narrowly obovate, 44-57 × 12-19 mm, apex acuminate. Petals narrowly obovate, 40-53 × 7-13 mm, apex acuminate; lip broadly ovate-elliptic, base fused to basal margins of column for 3.5-5 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, ciliate; mid-lobe 15-18 mm, margin undulate; disk papillate or puberulent. Column 27-32 mm, broadly winged at apex, sparsely puberulent and papillate near base on ventral surface; pollinia 2, deltoid. Fl. Feb-Apr.
Trees in forests; ca. 2000 m. S Yunnan (Mengzi) [Vietnam].

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