栏目

垂花兰Cymbidium cochleare Lindl.

垂花兰Cymbidium cochleare Lindl.

别名:香莎草兰;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:兰属 Cymbidium

《中国植物志》第18卷210页
  17.垂花兰(中国兰花全书)
  Cymbidium cochleare Lindl. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3: 28. 1858; King et Pantl. in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 8: 194. Pl. 260. 1898; Du Puy et Cribb, Genus Cymbidium 147. phot. 112, 113. fig. 26 (1). 1998;台湾兰科植物彩色图志1: 294.1996; 中国兰花全书87.1998.——Cyperorchis cochlearis (Lindl.) Benth. in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18: 317. 1881. ——Cyperorchis babae Kudo ex Masamune in J. Jap. Bot. 8: 258. 1932; 台湾兰科植物2: 131-134 (图). 1977.——Cymbidium babae (Kudo ex Masamune) Masamune in Trop. Hort. 3: 33. 1933;台湾植物志5: 950. 1978. ——Cymbidium kanran Makino var. babae (Kudo ex Masamune) S. S. Ying in Chinese Flowers 23: 7. 1976; 台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴1: 440. 1977.
  本种与上种十分相似,有些学者认为应予合并,但Du Puy et Cribb在《The GenusCymbidium》(1988)中认为两者有明显的区别:1.本种叶宽8-10毫米(上种为10-17毫米);2.总状花序具7-20朵花(上种20朵以上);3.花绿褐色,唇瓣具许多红色小斑点(上种奶油黄色至淡黄绿色,唇瓣不具或偶见少数斑点);4.花蜡质,有光泽,细弱(上种无光泽,丰满);5.唇瓣上的纵褶片仅到达唇瓣中部(上种到达唇瓣基部)。
  产台湾(台北、高雄)。生于阴湿密林中树上,海拔300-1 000米。锡金、印度也有分布。模式标本采自锡金。
  据《台湾兰科植物》(1977)记载,本种假鳞茎几不可见,花粉团4个(裂隙深到可分为2),明显不同于上种。由于我们没有看到标本,上述记载暂录于此,以供参考。花期12月至次年1月。
形态特征:本种与上种十分相似,有些学者认为应予合并,但Du Puy et Cribb在《The GenusCymbidium》(1988)中认为两者有明显的区别:1.本种叶宽8—10毫米(上种为10--17毫米);2.总状花序具7—20朵花(上种20朵以上);3.花绿褐色,唇瓣具许多红色小斑点(上种奶油黄色至淡黄绿色,唇瓣不具或偶见少数斑点);4.花蜡质,有光泽,细弱(上种无光泽,丰满);5.唇瓣上的纵褶片仅到达唇瓣中部(上种到达唇瓣基部)。 据《台湾兰科植物》(1977)记载,本种假鳞茎几不可见,花粉团4个(裂隙深到可分为2),明显不同于上种。由于我们没有看到标本,上述记载暂录于此,以供参考。花期12月至次年1月。
产地分布:产台湾(台北、高雄)。生于阴湿密林中树上,海拔300一l 000米。锡金、印度电有分布。模式标本采自锡金。
参考文献:Cymbidium cochleare Lindl.In J.Linn.Soc.Bot.3:28.1858;King et Pantl, in Ann.Bot.Card.C.Alcutta 8:194.Pl.260.1898;Du Puy et Cribb,Genus Cym- bidiuml47.Phot.112,113.Fig.26(1). 1998;台湾兰科植物彩色图志1:294.1996;中国兰花全书87.1998.——Cyperorchis cochlearis(Lindl.)Benth.In I.Linn.Soc.Eot.18:317.1881,——Cyperorchis babae Kudo ex Masmnune in J.Jap.Bot.8:258.1932;台湾兰科植物2:131—134(图).1977.----Cymbidium babae(Kudo ex Masamune)Masamune in Trop.Hort.3:33.1933;台湾植物志5:950.1978.----Cymbidium kanran Makino var.Babae(Kudo ex Masamune)S.S.Ying inChinese Flowers 23:7.1976;台湾兰科植物彩色图鉴1:440.1977.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Cymbidium cochleare  Lindley J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 28. 1858.
垂花兰   chui hua lan
Cymbidium babae (Kud? ex Masamune) Masamune; C. kanran Makino var. babae (Kud? ex Masamune) S. S. Ying; Cyperorchis babae Kud? ex Masamune; C. cochlearis (Lindley) Bentham.
Plants epiphytic, autotrophic. Pseudobulbs often fusiform, slightly bilaterally flattened, 3-5 × 1-1.5 cm, enclosed in persistent leaf bases. Leaves 9-16(-18), distichous, lorate, 40-60(-100) × 0.8-1(-1.2) cm, articulate 3-5 cm from base, margin slightly revolute, apex acuminate. Inflorescence lateral, pendulous, 50-60 cm; peduncle dark brown, slender, with several widely spaced sheaths 10-12 cm; rachis centrifugal, 13-16(-22)-flowered; floral bracts whitish, ca. 3 mm. Flowers pendulous, bell-shaped, not opening widely; pedicel and ovary 10-18 mm; sepals and petals tawny-brown; lip yellow-green, with dense, small, purple-red spots. Sepals oblanceolate-spatulate, 40-42 × 6-7 mm, apex acute. Petals oblanceolate, 40-42 × 5-6 mm, apex acute; lip obovate, ca. 43 × 26 mm, base fused to basal margins of column for 2-3 mm, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect and clasping column, triangular, 10-12 mm wide; mid-lobe deflexed, suborbicular, 7-7.5 mm, margin undulate; disk with a dense patch of short hairs at center of mid-lobe, with 2 lamellae; lamellae inflated and white hairy toward apex. Column ca. 35 mm, slender; pollinia 2, deeply cleft. Fl. Nov-Jan. 2n = 40.
Trees in forests; 300-1800 m. Taiwan, SW Yunnan [India, Myanmar, N Vietnam].

TOP