栏目

尖喙隔距兰Cleisostoma rostratum (Lodd.) Seidenf. ex Averyanov

尖喙隔距兰Cleisostoma rostratum (Lodd.) Seidenf. ex Averyanov

别名:尖啄隔距兰;剑叶隔距兰;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:隔距兰属 Cleisostoma

《中国植物志》第19卷319页
  7. 尖喙隔距兰(中国高等植物图鉴)
  Cleisostoma rostratum (Lodd.) Seidenf. ex Averyanov, Vasc. Pl. Syn. Vietnam. Fl. 1: 53. 1990, et Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch.: 376. 1994. ——Vanda rostrata Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1008. 1825. ——Sarcanthus rostratus Lindl., Coll. Bot. t. 39B. 1826, et Gen. Sp. Orch. Pl.: 233. 1833; Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 37. 1903; Merr. et Metc. in Lingn. Sci. J. 21: 13. 1945; S. Y. Hu in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 28 (1, 2): 155. 1975. ——Cleisostoma fordii Hance in J. Bot. Brit. For. 14: 45. 1875; S. Y. Hu, Gen. Orch. Hong Kong: 115. 1977. ——Sarcanthus fordii (Hance) Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 36: 37. 1903. ——Cleisostoma rostratum (Lindl.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (4): 174. 1972; Seldenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (3): 28, fig. 10. 1975; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 763. 图8356. 1976; 海南植物志 4: 262. 1977; Z. H. Tsi in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (4): 75. 1983; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 114: 290. 1992; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 290. 1995.
  茎伸长,近圆柱形,长20-45厘米,粗约5毫米,有时上部分枝,具多节,节间长2-3厘米。叶二列,革质,扁平,狭披针形,长9-15厘米,宽7-13毫米,先端急尖,近先端处骤然缢缩而向先端收窄,基部稍收窄,具1个关节和扩大成鞘;叶鞘革质,紧抱于茎。花序对生于叶,出自茎上部,斜出,比叶短,不分枝;花序轴纤细,总状花序疏生许多花;花苞片很小,卵状三角形,长约1毫米,先端急尖;花梗和子房长约5毫米;花开展,萼片和花瓣黄绿色带紫红色条纹;中萼片近椭圆形,舟状,长5-5.5毫米,宽2-2.5毫米,先端锐尖,具3条脉;侧萼片稍斜倒卵形,等长于中萼片而较宽,先端钝,具3条脉;花瓣近长圆形,长约4毫米,宽2毫米,先端钝,具3条脉;唇瓣紫红色,3裂;侧裂片直立,近三角形,先端骤然变尖为钻状;中裂片稍肉质,狭卵状披针形,先端渐尖而翘起,基部两侧无伸长的裂片;距近似漏斗,劲直,等长于萼片,向末端渐狭,末端钝,具不甚发达的隔膜,内面背壁上方具长圆形的胼胝体;胼胝体两侧具很短的角状物,中央纵向凹下,基部浅2裂,无毛;蕊柱长2毫米,基部具短的蕊柱足;蕊柱翅在蕊柱上端稍扩展;蕊喙狭三角形,长约1.3毫米,先端尖;药帽在前端伸长为长约1.5毫米的喙;粘盘柄纤细,上部稍扩大;粘盘很小,近圆形。花期7-8月。
  产香港、海南(三亚市、陵水、保亭、琼中)、广西南部至西北部(龙州、凤山、十万大山)、贵州南部(罗甸)、云南东南部至南部(屏边、勐海)。生于海拔350-500米的常绿阔叶林中树干上或石灰山的灌木林树枝上和阴湿岩石上。分布于泰国、老挝、越南。模式标本采自我国(地点不详)。
  本种以其叶的形态,尤其近叶先端处稍缢缩来看,很似短序隔距兰 Cleisostoma striatum (Rchb. f.) Garay, 但叶的质地较薄,花序轴纤细,唇瓣的裂片和距内胼胝体的形状都不同。
形态特征:茎伸长,近圆柱形,长20--45厘米,粗约5毫米,有时上部分枝,具多节,节间 长2—3厘米。叶二列,革质,扁平,狭披针形,长9—15厘米,宽7—13毫米,先端 急尖,近先端处骤然缢缩而向先端收窄,基部稍收窄,具1个关节和扩大成鞘;叶鞘革 质,紧抱于茎。花序对生于叶,出自茎上部,斜出,比叶短,不分枝;花序轴纤细,总 状花序疏生许多花;花苞片很小,卵状三角形,长约1毫米,先端急尖;花梗和子房长 约5毫米;花开展,萼片和花瓣黄绿色带紫红色条纹;中萼片近椭圆形,舟状,长5— 5.5毫米,宽2---2.5毫米,先端锐尖,具3条脉;侧萼片稍斜倒卵形,等长于中萼片 而较宽,先端钝,具3条脉;花瓣近长圆形,长约4毫米,宽2毫米,先端钝,具3条 脉;唇瓣紫红色,3裂;侧裂片直立,近三角形,先端骤然变尖为钻状;中裂片稍肉 质,狭卵状披针形,先端渐尖而翘起,基部两侧无伸长的裂片;距近似漏斗,劲直,等 长于萼片,向末端渐狭,末端钝,具不甚发达的隔膜,内面背壁上方具长圆形的胼胝 体;胼胝体两侧具很短的角状物,中央纵向凹下,基部浅2裂,无毛;蕊柱长2毫米, 基部具短的蕊柱足;蕊柱翅在蕊柱上端稍扩展;蕊喙狭三角形,长约1.3毫米,先端尖;药帽在前端伸长为长约1.5毫米的喙;粘盘柄纤细,上部稍扩大;粘盘很小,近圆 形。 花期7—8月。
产地分布:产香港、海南(三亚市、陵水、保亭、琼中)、广西南部至西北部(龙州、凤山、 十万大山)、贵州南部(罗甸)、云南东南部至南部(屏边、勐海)。生于海拔350---500 米的常绿阔叶林中树干上或石灰山的灌木林树枝上和阴湿岩石上。分布于泰国、老挝、 越南。模式标本采自我国(地点不详)。
本种提示:本种以其叶的形态,尤其近叶先端处稍缢缩来看,很似短序隔距兰Cleisostoma striatum(Rchb.F.)Garay,但叶的质地较薄,花序轴纤细,唇瓣的裂片和距内胼胝体 的形状都不同。
参考文献:Cleisostoma rostratum(Lodd.)Seidenf.exAveryanov,Vasc.P1.Syn.Vietnam. F1.1:53. 1990,et lden.Guide Vietnam.Orch.:376. 1994.——Vanda rostrata Lodd.,Bot.Cab. T. 1008. 1825.---Sarcanthus rostratus Lindl·,Coll.Bot. T. 39B.1826,et Gen.Sp.Orch.P1.:233. 1833;Rolfe in J. Linn.Soc.Bot.36: 37.1903;Merr.Et Metc.In Lingn.Sci.J.21:13.1945;S.Y.Hu in Quart.J. TaiwanMus.28(1,2):155.1975.---Cleisostoma fodii Hance inJ.Bot.Brit. For.14:45.1875;S.Y.Hu,Gen.Orch.Hong Kong:115.1977.——Sarcan— thu5~ordii(Hance)Rolfe inJ.Linn.Soc.Bot.36:37.1903.--Cleisostoma ros— tratum (Lindl.)Garay in Bot.Mus.Leafl.Harvard Univ.23(4):174. 1972;Sei— denf.In Dansk Bot.Ark.29(3):28,fig.10.1975;中国高等植物图鉴5:763.图 8356.1976;海南植物志4:262.1977;Z.H.Tsi in Bull.Bot.Res.3(4):75. 1983;Seidenf.In Opera Bot.114:290.1992;Z.H.Tsi et S.C.Chen inActaPhy— totax.Sin.33(3):290.1995.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Cleisostoma rostratum  (Loddiges ex Lindley) Garay Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 174. 1972.
尖喙隔距兰   jian hui ge ju lan
Sarcanthus rostratus Loddiges ex Lindley, Coll. Bot. ad t. 39B. 1826; Cleisostoma fordii Hance; S. fordii (Hance) Rolfe.
Stems subterete, 20-45 cm, ca. 5 mm in diam., sometimes branched, with many nodes, internodes 2-3 cm. Leaves distichous, flat, narrowly lanceolate, 9-15 × 7-13 mm, leathery, acute. Inflorescences several, opposite to leaves, arising from upper part of stem, ascending, shorter than leaves, unbranched, laxly many flowered; floral bracts ovate-triangular, ca. 1 mm. Flowers opening widely, sepals and petals yellowish green with purplish red stripes, lip purple-red; pedicel and ovary ca. 5 mm. Dorsal sepal subelliptic, cymbiform, 5-5.5 × 2-2.5 mm, acute; lateral sepals slightly obliquely obovate, 5-5.5 × 2.5-3 mm, obtuse. Petals suboblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, obtuse; lip lateral lobes erect, subtriangular, apex abruptly contracted and subulate; mid-lobe narrowly ovate-lanceolate, slightly fleshy, acuminate; spur somewhat funnel-shaped, straight, ca. 5 mm, attenuate toward end, obtuse, slightly septate; back wall callus oblong, central part longitudinally concave, base shallowly bilobed and glabrous. Column ca. 2 mm; rostellum ca. 1.3 mm; anther cap beak ca. 1.5 mm; stipe slender, apical part slightly enlarged; viscidium suborbicular, very small. Fl. Jul-Aug. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests or on branches in thickets, lithophytic on rocks in limestone areas; 300-1800 m. Guangxi, S Guizhou, Hainan, Hong Kong, S and SE Yunnan [Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].
"Vanda rostrata" (Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 11: ad t. 1008. 1825) is a nomen nudum and was therefore not validly published."Vanda rostrata" (Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 11: ad t. 1008. 1825) is a nomen nudum and was therefore not validly published.

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