栏目

长叶隔距兰Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum Kraenzl.

长叶隔距兰Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum Kraenzl.

别名:鞭叶隔距兰;长序隔距兰;

科名:兰科 Orchidaceae

属名:隔距兰属 Cleisostoma

《中国植物志》第19卷327页
  14. 长叶隔距兰(中国高等植物图鉴) 图版48:6-7
  Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum Kraenzl. in Fedde Repert. Sp. Nov. 7: 39. 1908; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (3): 59, fig. 26. 1975 (excl. Henry no. 12319A); Z. H. Tsi in Bull. Bot. Res. 3 (4): 82. 1983; Averyanov. Vasc. Pl. Syn. Vietnam. Fl. 1: 52. 1990; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 114: 395. 1992; Averyanov, Iden. Guide Vietnam. Orch.: 384, 1994; Z. H. Tsi et S. C. Chen in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33 (3): 290. 1995; Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Chen et K. Mori, Wild Orch. China: 96, pl. 156. 1997. ——Sarcanthus flagelliformis Rolfe ex Downie in Kew Bull.: 393. 1925. ——Cleisostoma flagellaforme (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 23 (4); 171. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴 5: 761. 1976 (excl. spec. Hainan.).
  茎直立或弧形弯曲,细圆柱形,长达50余厘米,粗4-5毫米,分枝或不分枝,节间长3-4厘米,疏生多数偏向一侧的叶。叶肉质,细圆柱形,斜立或上部外弯呈弧形,长达25厘米,粗2-3毫米,先端稍钝,基部具关节和抱茎的长鞘。花序侧生,斜立,通常比叶短,不分枝或少有分枝的;花序柄长2-4厘米,粗2-3毫米,基部被2枚长约4毫米的膜质筒状鞘;花序轴长达20厘米,疏生许多花;花苞片小,膜质,狭卵状披针形,长2毫米,先端近渐尖;花梗和子房长约1厘米;萼片和花瓣反折,黄色带紫褐色条纹;中萼片卵状椭圆形,舟状,长4.5-5毫米,宽约2毫米,先端钝,具3条脉;侧萼片近长圆形,等长于中萼片而较宽,先端斜截形,基部贴生于蕊柱足,具3条脉;花瓣狭长圆形,比萼片短,宽1.5毫米,先端钝,具3条脉;唇瓣白色,3裂;侧裂片直立,三角形,上半部收狭呈镰刀状,先端内折,近蕊柱一侧边缘内折,其内折部分近长方形,紫色;中裂片近肉质,箭头状三角形,上面中央具1条纵向隆起的脊突;距近球形,粗2-3毫米,末端凹入,具发达的隔膜,内面背壁上方的胼胝体3裂,其侧裂片三角形,向先端急剧变狭,先端钝并且稍下弯,而中裂片约等长于侧裂片,上面中央稍凹下,基部密布乳突状毛;蕊柱长约3毫米,具长约2毫米的蕊柱足;蕊喙小,2裂,裂片近半圆形,几乎不伸出蕊柱翅之外;药帽前端伸长,先端截形;粘盘柄楔形,上半部两侧边缘外卷;粘盘近圆形,比粘盘柄宽,先端稍凹入。花期5-6月。
  产贵州西南部(兴义)、云南南部至西部(金平、思茅、墨江、凤庆、勐腊、景洪、勐海、澜沧、镇康)。生于海拔690-2000米的山地常绿阔叶林中树干上。也见于老挝、越南、柬埔寨、泰国。模式标本采自泰国。
形态特征:茎直立或弧形弯曲,细圆柱形,长达50余厘米,粗4—5毫米,分枝或不分枝,节 间长3—4厘米,疏生多数偏向一侧的叶。叶肉质,细圆柱形,斜立或上部外弯呈弧形, 长达25厘米,粗2—3毫米,先端稍钝,基部具关节和抱茎的长鞘。花序侧生,斜立, 通常比叶短,不分枝或少有分枝的;花序柄长2—4厘米,粗2—3毫米,基部被2枚长 约4毫米的膜质筒状鞘;花序轴长达20厘米,疏生许多花;花苞片小,膜质,狭卵状 披针形,长2毫米,先端近渐尖;花梗和子房长约1厘米;萼片和花瓣反折,黄色带紫 褐色条纹;中萼片卵状椭圆形,舟状,长4.5—5毫米,宽约2毫米,先端钝,具3条 脉;侧萼片近长圆形,等长于中萼片而较宽,先端斜截形,基部贴生于蕊柱足,具3条 脉;花瓣狭长圆形,比萼片短,宽1.5毫米,先端钝,具3条脉;唇瓣白色,3裂;侧 裂片直立,三角形,上半部收狭呈镰刀状,先端内折,近蕊柱一侧边缘内折,其内折部 分近长方形,紫色;中裂片近肉质,箭头状三角形,上面中央具1条纵向隆起的脊突; 距近球形,粗2--3毫米,末端凹人,具发达的隔膜,内面背壁上方的胼胝体3裂,其 侧裂片三角形,向先端急剧变狭,先端钝并且稍下弯,而中裂片约等长于侧裂片,上面 中央稍凹下,基部密布乳突状毛;蕊柱长约3毫米,具长约2毫米的蕊柱足;蕊喙小, 2裂,裂片近半圆形,几乎不伸出蕊柱翅之外;药帽前端伸长,先端截形;粘盘柄楔 形,上半部两侧边缘外卷;粘盘近圆形,比粘盘柄宽,先端稍凹人。 花期5---6月。
产地分布:产贵州西南部(兴义)、云南南部至西部(金平、思茅、墨江、凤庆、勐腊、景洪、勐海、澜沧、镇康)。生于海拔690--2000米的山地常绿阔叶林中树干±。也见于老挝、 越南、柬埔寨、泰国。模式标本采自泰国。
参考文献:Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum Kraenzl,in Fedde Repert.Sp.Nov.7:39.1908; Seidenf. inDanskBot. Ark. 29(3):59,fig. 26. 1975(excl. Henry no.12319A); Z.H.Tsi in Bull.Bot,Res.3(4):82.1983;Averyanov.Vasc.P1.Syn.Viet— nam.F1.1:52.1990;Seidenf.In Opera Bot.114:395.1992;Averyanov,Iden. Guide Vietnam.Orch.:384,1994;Z.H.Tsi et S.C.Chen in Acta Phytotax.Sin. 33(3):290. 1995;Z. H. Tsi,S. C. Chen et K. Mori,Wild Orch. China:96, p1. 156. 1997.---Sarcanthus flagelliformis Rolfe ex Downie in Kew Bull.: 393. 1925.---Cleisostoma flagelliforme(Rolfe ex Downie)Garay in Bot.Mus.Leafl.Har— vardUniv. 23(4);171. 1972; 中国高等植物图鉴5:761. 1976(excl. Spec. Hainan.).

《Flora of China》 Vol. 25 (2009)
Cleisostoma fuerstenbergianum  Kraenzlin Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 39. 1909.
长叶隔距兰   ye ge ju lan
Cleisostoma flagellare (Schlechter) Garay; C. flagelliforme (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay; Sarcanthus flagellaris Schlechter; S. flagelliformis Rolfe ex Downie; S. fuerstenbergianus (Kraenzlin) J. J. Smith.
Stems erect or arching, more than 50 cm, rather slender, 4-5 mm in diam., branched or unbranched, laxly many leaved, internodes 3-4 cm. Leaves secund, terete, ca. 25 cm × 2-3 mm, fleshy, obtuse. Inflorescence lateral, ascending, to 20-24 cm, usually shorter than leaves, unbranched or rarely branched, laxly many flowered; peduncle 2-4 cm; floral bracts narrowly ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, membranous. Flowers: sepals and petals yellow with purplish brown stripes, lip white, proximal margin of lateral lobes purple; pedicel and ovary ca. 1 cm. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, cymbiform, 4.5-5 × ca. 2 mm, obtuse; lateral sepals suboblong, 4.5-5 × ca. 2.5 mm, base adnate to column foot. Petals narrowly oblong, ca. 4 × 1.5 mm, obtuse; lip lateral lobes erect, deltoid, falcate, incurved, proximal margin inflexed; mid-lobe sagittate-triangular, subfleshy, with an adaxial ridge; spur subglobose, concave, 2-3 mm in diam., interior septate, with a 3-lobed back wall callus; lateral lobules triangular, slightly recurved; mid-lobule nearly as long as lateral lobules, slightly concave at center, base densely papillate-hairy. Column ca. 3 mm; rostellum small; anther cap truncate; stipe ovate-lanceolate; viscidium suborbicular, wider than stipe. Fl. May-Jun. 2n = 38.
Epiphytic on tree trunks in broad-leaved evergreen forests; 700-2000 m. SW Guizhou, S and W Yunnan [Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam].

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