小花山桃草Gaura parviflora Dougl.
小花山桃草Gaura parviflora Dougl.
1．小花山桃草（江苏南部种子植物手册）图版11：1-3
Gaura parviflora Dougl. in Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 208. 1833, et Hook. in Bot. Magnus 63: t. 3506. 1836; Munz in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 65: 108. 1938, et N. Amer. Fl. ser. 2, 5: 184. 1965;裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册533. 1959; Raven & Gregory in Mem. Torrey in Bot. Club 23 (1): 23, fig. 4, 34. 1972; 江苏植物志, 下册545, 图1628. 1992; 河北植物志2: 217. 1988; 福建植物志4: 196. 1989; 山东植物志, 下册778, 图666. 1997.
一年生草本，主根径达2厘米，全株尤茎上部、花序、叶、苞片、萼片蜜被伸展灰白色长毛与腺毛；茎直立，不分枝，或在顶部花序之下少数分枝，高50-100厘米。基生叶宽倒披针形，长达12厘米，宽达2.5厘米，先端锐尖，基部渐狭下延至柄。茎生叶狭椭圆形、长圆状卵形，有时菱状卵形，长2-10厘米，宽0.5-2.5厘米，先端渐尖或锐尖，基部楔形下延至柄，侧脉6-12对。花序穗状，有时有少数分枝，生茎枝顶端，常下垂，长8-35厘米；苞片线形，长2.5-10毫米，宽0.3-1毫米。花傍晚开放；花管带红色，长1.5-3毫米，径约0.3毫米；萼片绿色，线状披针形，长2-3毫米，宽0.5-0.8毫米，花期反折；花瓣白色，以后变红色，倒卵形，长1.5-3毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，先端钝，基部具爪；花丝长1.5-2.5毫米，基部具鳞片状附属物，花药黄色，长圆形，长0.5-0.8毫米，花粉在开花时或开花前直接授粉在柱头上（自花受精）；花柱长3-6毫米，伸出花管部分长1.5-2.2毫米；柱头围以花药，具深4裂。蒴果坚果状，纺锤形，长5-10毫米，径1.5-3毫米，具不明显4棱。种子4枚，或3枚（其中1室的胚珠不发育），卵状，长3-4毫米，径1-1.5毫米，红棕色。花期7-8月，果期8-9月。
原产美国，尤以中西部最多的一种野草，南美、欧洲、亚洲、澳大利亚有引种并逸为野生。我国河北、河南、山东、安徽、江苏、湖北、福建有引种，并逸为野生杂草。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Gaura parviflora Douglas ex Lehmann
小花山桃草 xiao hua shan tao cao
Herbs annual or short-lived biennial, vigorously growing, with a heavy taproot. Stems erect, 30-200(-300) cm tall, simple below to well-branched on inflorescence, soft villous throughout and usually also glandular pubescent; lower leaves often deciduous by time of flowering and lower stems then naked. Leaves grayish green, with inconspicuous veins, strigillose and sometimes villous; subsessile above to shortly petiolate below; basal blade 5-15 × 1-3 cm; cauline blade narrowly elliptic to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 2-12.5 × 0.5-4 cm, base cuneate to attenuate, margin entire to sinuate-denticulate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence one to many, slender, dense spicate racemes 5-45 cm, nodding at tips, subglabrous to densely hairy, ± ebracteate. Flowers open near sunset; floral tube 1.5-3 mm. Sepals 2-3.5 mm, without free tips. Petals pink to rose, 1.5-3 mm, slightly clawed. Anthers 0.8-1.1 mm; pollen ca. 90+% fertile. Ovary glabrous or puberulous; stigma surrounded by anthers. Capsules indehiscent, reflexed at maturity, fusiform, weakly 4-ridged, 2-4-seeded, 5-11 mm, sessile. Seeds 2-3 mm. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Oct. 2n = 14; self-compatible, autogamous.
Weedy areas near cultivation, roadsides; 100-800 m. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shandong [native to EC North America (including Mexico); naturalized in Japan and widely in Australia and South America].
别名：光果小花山桃草;
科名：柳叶菜科 Onagraceae
属名：山桃草属 Gaura
1．小花山桃草（江苏南部种子植物手册）图版11：1-3
Gaura parviflora Dougl. in Hook., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 208. 1833, et Hook. in Bot. Magnus 63: t. 3506. 1836; Munz in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 65: 108. 1938, et N. Amer. Fl. ser. 2, 5: 184. 1965;裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册533. 1959; Raven & Gregory in Mem. Torrey in Bot. Club 23 (1): 23, fig. 4, 34. 1972; 江苏植物志, 下册545, 图1628. 1992; 河北植物志2: 217. 1988; 福建植物志4: 196. 1989; 山东植物志, 下册778, 图666. 1997.
一年生草本，主根径达2厘米，全株尤茎上部、花序、叶、苞片、萼片蜜被伸展灰白色长毛与腺毛；茎直立，不分枝，或在顶部花序之下少数分枝，高50-100厘米。基生叶宽倒披针形，长达12厘米，宽达2.5厘米，先端锐尖，基部渐狭下延至柄。茎生叶狭椭圆形、长圆状卵形，有时菱状卵形，长2-10厘米，宽0.5-2.5厘米，先端渐尖或锐尖，基部楔形下延至柄，侧脉6-12对。花序穗状，有时有少数分枝，生茎枝顶端，常下垂，长8-35厘米；苞片线形，长2.5-10毫米，宽0.3-1毫米。花傍晚开放；花管带红色，长1.5-3毫米，径约0.3毫米；萼片绿色，线状披针形，长2-3毫米，宽0.5-0.8毫米，花期反折；花瓣白色，以后变红色，倒卵形，长1.5-3毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，先端钝，基部具爪；花丝长1.5-2.5毫米，基部具鳞片状附属物，花药黄色，长圆形，长0.5-0.8毫米，花粉在开花时或开花前直接授粉在柱头上（自花受精）；花柱长3-6毫米，伸出花管部分长1.5-2.2毫米；柱头围以花药，具深4裂。蒴果坚果状，纺锤形，长5-10毫米，径1.5-3毫米，具不明显4棱。种子4枚，或3枚（其中1室的胚珠不发育），卵状，长3-4毫米，径1-1.5毫米，红棕色。花期7-8月，果期8-9月。
原产美国，尤以中西部最多的一种野草，南美、欧洲、亚洲、澳大利亚有引种并逸为野生。我国河北、河南、山东、安徽、江苏、湖北、福建有引种，并逸为野生杂草。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 13 (2007)
Gaura parviflora Douglas ex Lehmann
小花山桃草 xiao hua shan tao cao
Herbs annual or short-lived biennial, vigorously growing, with a heavy taproot. Stems erect, 30-200(-300) cm tall, simple below to well-branched on inflorescence, soft villous throughout and usually also glandular pubescent; lower leaves often deciduous by time of flowering and lower stems then naked. Leaves grayish green, with inconspicuous veins, strigillose and sometimes villous; subsessile above to shortly petiolate below; basal blade 5-15 × 1-3 cm; cauline blade narrowly elliptic to broadly lanceolate or oblanceolate, 2-12.5 × 0.5-4 cm, base cuneate to attenuate, margin entire to sinuate-denticulate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence one to many, slender, dense spicate racemes 5-45 cm, nodding at tips, subglabrous to densely hairy, ± ebracteate. Flowers open near sunset; floral tube 1.5-3 mm. Sepals 2-3.5 mm, without free tips. Petals pink to rose, 1.5-3 mm, slightly clawed. Anthers 0.8-1.1 mm; pollen ca. 90+% fertile. Ovary glabrous or puberulous; stigma surrounded by anthers. Capsules indehiscent, reflexed at maturity, fusiform, weakly 4-ridged, 2-4-seeded, 5-11 mm, sessile. Seeds 2-3 mm. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Oct. 2n = 14; self-compatible, autogamous.
Weedy areas near cultivation, roadsides; 100-800 m. Anhui, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shandong [native to EC North America (including Mexico); naturalized in Japan and widely in Australia and South America].