栏目

木莲Manglietia fordiana Oliv.

木莲Manglietia fordiana Oliv.

别名:野枇杷;乳源木莲;绿楠;木莲果;松谷庵木莲;黄心树;金山木莲;龙楠;山厚朴;海南木莲;

科名:木兰科 Magnoliaceae

属名:木莲属 Manglietia

《中国植物志》第30(1)卷105页
  21. 木莲(酉阳杂俎,黄山志)
  Manglietia fordiana Oliv. in Hook, Icon. Pl. 20 (3): t. 1953. 1891; Finet et Gagnep. in Mem. Soc. Bot. France 4: 34. 1906; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 28. 1912; Dandy in Journ Arn. Arb. 5: 228.1924, et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 7: 139. 1929; Merr. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 24 (2): 159. 1935; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学297. 1937; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 792.图1584. 1972; 中国树木志1: 433. 图125. 1983; 广东植物志1: 4. 1987.——Magnolia fordiana (Oliv.) Hu in Journ. Arn. Arb. 5: 228. 1924.
  乔木,高达20米,嫩枝及芽有红褐短毛,后脱落无毛。叶革质、狭倒卵形、狭椭圆状倒卵形,或倒披针形,长8-17厘米,宽2.5-5.5厘米。先端短急尖,通常尖头钝,基部楔形,沿叶柄稍下延,边缘稍内卷,下面疏生红褐色短毛;侧脉每边8-12条;叶柄长1-3厘米,基部稍膨大;托叶痕半椭圆形,长3-4毫米。总花梗长6-11毫米,径6-10毫米,具1环状苞片脱落痕,被红褐色短柔毛。花被片纯白色,每轮3片,外轮3片质较薄,近革质,凹入,长圆状椭圆形,长6-7厘米,宽3-4厘米,内2轮的稍小,常肉质,倒卵形,长5-6厘米,宽2-3厘米;雄蕊长约1厘米,花药长约8毫米,药隔钝;雌蕊群长约1.5厘米,具23-30枚心皮,平滑,基部心皮长5-6毫米,宽3-4毫米,中部心皮露出面宽约5毫米;花柱长约1毫米;胚珠8-10颗,2列。聚合果褐色,卵球形,长2-5厘米,蓇葖露出面有粗点状凸起,先端具长约1毫米的短喙;种子红色。花期5月,果期10月。
  产于福建、广东、广西、贵州、云南。生于海拔1 200米的花岗岩、沙质岩山地丘陵。模式标本采自香港。
  木材供板料、细工用材;果及树皮入药,治便闭和干咳。
  本种与海南木莲极相似,但叶质地比较厚,干后两面叶脉不明显,花柄有褐色毛,心皮有长约1毫米的缘。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Manglietia fordiana  Oliver Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 20: t. 1953. 1891.
木莲   mu lian
Trees, to 25 m tall, to 45 cm d.b.h. Bark pale grayish brown. Young twigs and vegetative buds reddish brown pubescent, later glabrescent. Stipular scar semi-elliptic, 3-5 mm. Petiole 1-3(-4.5) cm, base slightly swollen; leaf blade narrowly obovate, narrowly elliptic-obovate, or rarely narrowly elliptic, 8-17(-20) × 2.5-5.5(-9.5) cm, leathery or thinly leathery, abaxially sparsely reddish brown pubescent, secondary veins 8-17 on each side of midvein, reticulate veins conspicuous or inconspicuous on both surfaces when dry, base cuneate and decurrent along petiole, margin slightly involute and wavy or not wavy, apex acute to acuminate. Peduncle 5-11(-40) × 4-10 mm, with 1 annular bract scar, with or without reddish brown pubescence. Tepals 9, 3 per whorl, white; outer 3 tepals slightly thinner, oblong-elliptic, broadly ovate or obovate, 5-7 × 3-4 cm, nearly leathery; tepals of inner 2 whorls obovate, 4-6 × 2-3 cm, usually fleshy. Stamens red, ca. 1 cm; connective forming an obtuse mucro; anthers ca. 8 mm. Gynoecium 1.5-2.5 cm, smooth; carpels 18-32, basal ones 5-10 × 3-5 mm, middle ones ca. 5 mm wide on exposed side; ovules 5-10 per carpel; styles inconspicuous or to 1 mm. Fruit brown, ovoid to ellipsoid-ovoid, 2-6 cm; mature carpels with dot-protuberance on exposed side, apex with or without a ca. 1 mm beak. Seeds slightly flat, 7-8 × 5-6 mm; testa red. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Sep-Oct.
Hills, forests, beside rivers; 300-1200 m. S Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Vietnam].
This species is used medicinally and for timber.This species is used medicinally and for timber.

【拼音名】 Mù Lián
【别名】 木莲果
【来源】 木兰科木莲属植物木莲Manglietia fordiana (Hemsl.)Oliv.,以果、树皮、根皮入药。树皮、根皮全年可采,果实在八月成熟未裂之前摘取。
【性味】 辛,凉。
【功能主治】 止咳,通便。用于实火便闭,老年干咳。
【用法用量】 树皮、根皮或果实0.5~1两。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》

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