垂穗石松Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. et Franco
垂穗石松Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. et Franco
1. 垂穗石松（中国高等植物图鉴） 过山龙（植物名实学大词典），灯笼草（浙江植物志） 图版16: 1-5
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. et Franco in Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 2, 41: 25. 1967U. Sen et T. Sen in Fern Gaz. 11(6): 423, f. 4: k-u. 1978; Ching in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3(1): 6. 1981, et 4(3): 213. 1982; Fl. Xizang. 1: 15. 1983; Dixit, Census Ind. Pterid. 10. 1984, et Lycop. Ind. 90. f. 24B, f. 49. Pl. VI: f. 24. 1988: F1. hui 1: 22, f. 7. 1985; H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 48, Pl. 13: 1-4. 1988; B. Ollg. Index Lycop. 78. 1989; Bir et al. in Ind. Fern J. 6: 33. 1989; S. F. Wu in J. ShanghaiTeach. Coil. Tech. 10(2): 89. 1990; P. S. Wang, Pterid. Fanj ing Mt. Nat. Res. 21. 1992; Fl. Dulongjiang Reg. 2. 1993; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 21, f. 5. 1993; Fl. Zhejianf. 1-6. 1993; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 6. 1993: Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 5. 1995; L. B. Zhang et H. S. Kung in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(3): 271. 2000. —— Lycopodium cernuum L. Sp. Pl. 1103. 1753: Grev. et Hook. in Bot. Misc. 2: 369. 1831; Spring, Monogr. Lycop. 1: 79. 1842, et 2: 37. 1849: Baker, Handb. Fern Allies 21887; Alderw, Malay. Fernallies 47. 1915: C. Chr. in Meddel. Fran Goteb. Bot. Tradg. 109. 1924; Nessel, Baerlappge. 350. 1939: Alston in Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2) 548. 1951: S. H. Fu, Ill. Imporant Chinese Pl. Ptorid. 4, f. 5. 1957; Tagawa, ColIll. Jap. Pterid. 15, Pl. 3: 20. 1959; Fl. Hainan. 1: 8. 1964; Mehra et Bir in RBull. Panjab Univ. 15(1-2): 102. 1964: Tagawa in Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 2: 197. 1971; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 108. f. 216. 1972; De Vol in H. L. Li, Fl. Taiwan 1: 35, Pl. Thailand 3(1): 12. 1979: Fl. Fukien 1: 7, f. 2. 1982; Nakaike, N. Fl, Jap. Pterid. 15. f. 15a-b. 1982: Jacobsen, Ferns Fern Allies S. Africa 138, f. 80. 1983; C. M. Kuo in Taiwania 30: 12. 1985; Fl. Fuj ian. rev. 1: 7, f. 2. 1991; K. Iwats., Ferns FernAllies Jap. 49. Pl. 7: 1. 1992; J. L. Tsai et W. C. Shieh in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwaned. 2, 1: 31. Pl. 3. 1994. —— Lepidotis cernua (L.) P. Beauv. Megos Encyc. 5: 479. 1804, et in Prod. Aeth. 108. 1805; Rothm. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54: 66. 1944, et in Fl. Europ. 1: 6. 1964. —— Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Ser. in Webbia 23: 166. 1968; B. Ollg. in Opera Bot. 92: 175. 1987, et Index Lycop. 25. 1989; Manickam etIrudayaraj, Pterid. Fl. W. Ghats-S. Ind. 31. 1992; Nakaike, N. Fl. Jap. Pterid. rev. enlarg. 791. 1992.
中型至大型土生植物，主茎直立，高达60厘米，圆柱形，中部直径1.5-2.5毫米，光滑无毛，多回不等位二叉分枝；主茎上的叶螺旋状排列，稀疏，钻形至线形，长约4毫米，宽约0.3毫米，通直或略内弯，基部圆形，下延，无柄，先端渐尖，边缘全缘，中脉不明显，纸质。侧枝上斜，多回不等位二叉分枝，有毛或光滑无毛；侧枝及小枝上的叶螺旋状排列，密集，略上弯，钻形至线形，长3-5毫米，宽约0.4毫米，基部下延，无柄，先端渐尖，边缘全缘，表面有纵沟，光滑，中脉不明显，纸质。孢子囊穗单生于小枝顶端，短圆柱形，成熟时通常下垂，长3-10毫米，直径2.0-2.5毫米，淡黄色，无柄；孢子叶卵状菱形，覆瓦状排列，长约0.6毫米，宽约0.8毫米，先端急尖，尾状，边缘膜质，具不规则锯齿；孢子囊生于孢子叶腋，内藏，圆肾形，黄色。
本种也可根据被毛情况分为两个变型。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Lycopodium cernuum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1103. 1753.
垂穗石松 chui sui shi song
Lepidotis cernua (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois; Lycopodiella cernua (Linnaeus) Pichi Sermolli; Lycopodium cernuum f. sikkimense (Müller (Halle)) H. S. Kung; L. cernuum var. sikkimense (Müller (Halle)) C. B. Clarke; L. sikkimense Müller (Halle); Palhinhaea cernua (Linnaeus) Vasconcellos & Franco; P. cernua f. sikkimensis (Müller (Halle)) H. S. Kung; P. cernua var. sikkimensis (Müller (Halle)) Ching; P. lufengensis C. Y. Yang.
Plants medium-sized to large; aerial shoots erect, up to 60 cm tall, terete, 1.5-2.5 mm in diam. at middle, glabrous, dichotomously branched with well-differentiated lateral branchlets much branched; leaves of aerial shoots spirally arranged, sparse, subulate to linear, ca. 4 × 0.3 mm, straight or slightly involute, papery, midrib indistinct, base rounded, decurrent, sessile, margin entire, apex acuminate. Lateral branches ascending, dichotomously branched with well-differentiated lateral branchlets much branched, pubescent or glabrous; leaves of lateral branches and branchlets spirally arranged, dense, slightly bent upward, subulate to linear, 3-5 × ca. 0.4 mm, papery, longitudinally furrowed on surface, glabrous, midrib indistinct, base decurrent, sessile, margin entire, apex acuminate. Strobilus solitary, terminal on small branches, often pendulous when mature, pale yellow, shortly terete, 3-10 × 2-2.5 mm, sessile; sporophyll ovate-rhombic, imbricate, ca. 0.6 × 0.8 mm, margin membranous, with irregular teeth, apex acute, caudate. Sporangia enclosed.
Forests, forest margins, shaded places in shrubs or beside rocks; 100-2300(-2800?) m. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Central and South America, Pacific islands].
Branches of this species are hairy or glabrous; if hairy then the quantity of hairs is variable. This species can be divided into two forms based on indumentum: Lycopodium cernuum f. cernuum (branches without hairs) and L. cernuum f. sikkimense (branches with hairs). Lycopodium cernuum f. sikkimense has a more southern distribution than the typical form. In Sichuan, the typical form is more common, while this form is more common in Yunnan.A form with ciliate sterile leaves is recognized as Palhinhaea cernua f. ciliatomarginata W. M. Chu (Fl. Yunnan. 20: 30. 2006).
别名：黄狗仔草;醉鱼草;伸筋草;铺地蜈蚣;铺地石松;筋骨草;灯笼石松;过山龙;狗仔草;龙须草;垂枝石松;灯笼草石松;猴子背带;爬山龙;狮子草;舒筋草;毛巾草;垂穗灯笼草;灯笼草;
科名：石松科 Lycopodiaceae
属名：垂穗石松属 Palhinhaea
1. 垂穗石松（中国高等植物图鉴） 过山龙（植物名实学大词典），灯笼草（浙江植物志） 图版16: 1-5
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. et Franco in Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 2, 41: 25. 1967U. Sen et T. Sen in Fern Gaz. 11(6): 423, f. 4: k-u. 1978; Ching in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 3(1): 6. 1981, et 4(3): 213. 1982; Fl. Xizang. 1: 15. 1983; Dixit, Census Ind. Pterid. 10. 1984, et Lycop. Ind. 90. f. 24B, f. 49. Pl. VI: f. 24. 1988: F1. hui 1: 22, f. 7. 1985; H. S. Kung, Fl. Sichuan. 6: 48, Pl. 13: 1-4. 1988; B. Ollg. Index Lycop. 78. 1989; Bir et al. in Ind. Fern J. 6: 33. 1989; S. F. Wu in J. ShanghaiTeach. Coil. Tech. 10(2): 89. 1990; P. S. Wang, Pterid. Fanj ing Mt. Nat. Res. 21. 1992; Fl. Dulongjiang Reg. 2. 1993; Fl. Jiangxi 1: 21, f. 5. 1993; Fl. Zhejianf. 1-6. 1993; Vasc. Pl. Hengduan Mts. 1: 6. 1993: Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 5. 1995; L. B. Zhang et H. S. Kung in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 38(3): 271. 2000. —— Lycopodium cernuum L. Sp. Pl. 1103. 1753: Grev. et Hook. in Bot. Misc. 2: 369. 1831; Spring, Monogr. Lycop. 1: 79. 1842, et 2: 37. 1849: Baker, Handb. Fern Allies 21887; Alderw, Malay. Fernallies 47. 1915: C. Chr. in Meddel. Fran Goteb. Bot. Tradg. 109. 1924; Nessel, Baerlappge. 350. 1939: Alston in Fl. Indo-Chine 7(2) 548. 1951: S. H. Fu, Ill. Imporant Chinese Pl. Ptorid. 4, f. 5. 1957; Tagawa, ColIll. Jap. Pterid. 15, Pl. 3: 20. 1959; Fl. Hainan. 1: 8. 1964; Mehra et Bir in RBull. Panjab Univ. 15(1-2): 102. 1964: Tagawa in Hara, Fl. E. Himal. 2: 197. 1971; Ic. Corm. Sin. 1: 108. f. 216. 1972; De Vol in H. L. Li, Fl. Taiwan 1: 35, Pl. Thailand 3(1): 12. 1979: Fl. Fukien 1: 7, f. 2. 1982; Nakaike, N. Fl, Jap. Pterid. 15. f. 15a-b. 1982: Jacobsen, Ferns Fern Allies S. Africa 138, f. 80. 1983; C. M. Kuo in Taiwania 30: 12. 1985; Fl. Fuj ian. rev. 1: 7, f. 2. 1991; K. Iwats., Ferns FernAllies Jap. 49. Pl. 7: 1. 1992; J. L. Tsai et W. C. Shieh in T. C. Huang, Fl. Taiwaned. 2, 1: 31. Pl. 3. 1994. —— Lepidotis cernua (L.) P. Beauv. Megos Encyc. 5: 479. 1804, et in Prod. Aeth. 108. 1805; Rothm. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 54: 66. 1944, et in Fl. Europ. 1: 6. 1964. —— Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Ser. in Webbia 23: 166. 1968; B. Ollg. in Opera Bot. 92: 175. 1987, et Index Lycop. 25. 1989; Manickam etIrudayaraj, Pterid. Fl. W. Ghats-S. Ind. 31. 1992; Nakaike, N. Fl. Jap. Pterid. rev. enlarg. 791. 1992.
中型至大型土生植物，主茎直立，高达60厘米，圆柱形，中部直径1.5-2.5毫米，光滑无毛，多回不等位二叉分枝；主茎上的叶螺旋状排列，稀疏，钻形至线形，长约4毫米，宽约0.3毫米，通直或略内弯，基部圆形，下延，无柄，先端渐尖，边缘全缘，中脉不明显，纸质。侧枝上斜，多回不等位二叉分枝，有毛或光滑无毛；侧枝及小枝上的叶螺旋状排列，密集，略上弯，钻形至线形，长3-5毫米，宽约0.4毫米，基部下延，无柄，先端渐尖，边缘全缘，表面有纵沟，光滑，中脉不明显，纸质。孢子囊穗单生于小枝顶端，短圆柱形，成熟时通常下垂，长3-10毫米，直径2.0-2.5毫米，淡黄色，无柄；孢子叶卵状菱形，覆瓦状排列，长约0.6毫米，宽约0.8毫米，先端急尖，尾状，边缘膜质，具不规则锯齿；孢子囊生于孢子叶腋，内藏，圆肾形，黄色。
本种也可根据被毛情况分为两个变型。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Lycopodium cernuum Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 1103. 1753.
垂穗石松 chui sui shi song
Lepidotis cernua (Linnaeus) P. Beauvois; Lycopodiella cernua (Linnaeus) Pichi Sermolli; Lycopodium cernuum f. sikkimense (Müller (Halle)) H. S. Kung; L. cernuum var. sikkimense (Müller (Halle)) C. B. Clarke; L. sikkimense Müller (Halle); Palhinhaea cernua (Linnaeus) Vasconcellos & Franco; P. cernua f. sikkimensis (Müller (Halle)) H. S. Kung; P. cernua var. sikkimensis (Müller (Halle)) Ching; P. lufengensis C. Y. Yang.
Plants medium-sized to large; aerial shoots erect, up to 60 cm tall, terete, 1.5-2.5 mm in diam. at middle, glabrous, dichotomously branched with well-differentiated lateral branchlets much branched; leaves of aerial shoots spirally arranged, sparse, subulate to linear, ca. 4 × 0.3 mm, straight or slightly involute, papery, midrib indistinct, base rounded, decurrent, sessile, margin entire, apex acuminate. Lateral branches ascending, dichotomously branched with well-differentiated lateral branchlets much branched, pubescent or glabrous; leaves of lateral branches and branchlets spirally arranged, dense, slightly bent upward, subulate to linear, 3-5 × ca. 0.4 mm, papery, longitudinally furrowed on surface, glabrous, midrib indistinct, base decurrent, sessile, margin entire, apex acuminate. Strobilus solitary, terminal on small branches, often pendulous when mature, pale yellow, shortly terete, 3-10 × 2-2.5 mm, sessile; sporophyll ovate-rhombic, imbricate, ca. 0.6 × 0.8 mm, margin membranous, with irregular teeth, apex acute, caudate. Sporangia enclosed.
Forests, forest margins, shaded places in shrubs or beside rocks; 100-2300(-2800?) m. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Central and South America, Pacific islands].
Branches of this species are hairy or glabrous; if hairy then the quantity of hairs is variable. This species can be divided into two forms based on indumentum: Lycopodium cernuum f. cernuum (branches without hairs) and L. cernuum f. sikkimense (branches with hairs). Lycopodium cernuum f. sikkimense has a more southern distribution than the typical form. In Sichuan, the typical form is more common, while this form is more common in Yunnan.A form with ciliate sterile leaves is recognized as Palhinhaea cernua f. ciliatomarginata W. M. Chu (Fl. Yunnan. 20: 30. 2006).