鞘花Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Van Tiegh.
鞘花Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Van Tiegh.
1.鞘花（中国高等植物图鉴）、枫木鞘花（海南植物志），杉寄生（广东、广西）
Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Van Tiegh. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 41: 122. 1894; Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. 3, 11: 279. 1931, op. cit. 1-6: 5. 1938, et in Blumea 2: 42. 1936; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 216. 1982 云南植物志 3: 350, pl. 101, 1-2. 1983. ——Loranthus cochinchinensis Lour. Fl. Cocbinch. 195. 1790.——L. ampullaceus Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 189. 1814. nom. nud., ed. Carey et Wall. 2: 209. 1824; Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 316. 1877; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 26: 405. 1894.——L. fordii Hance in Journ. Bot. 23: 38. 1885. ---Elytranthe cochinchinensis. (Lour. ) G. Don, Gen. Hist. Dichl, Pl. 3: 426. 1834; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 69. 1927; 海南植物志2: 463. 1965.——E. ampullaceal (Roxb. ) G. Don, Gen. Hist. Dichl. pl. 3: 425. 1834; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 98. 1915, et in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 317. 1916. ——E. ampullacea G. Don var. tonkinensis Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 99. 1915, et in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 317. 1916——E. fordii (Hance) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 15: 234. 1919; 海南植物志 2: 464. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 536, 图1072. 1972.
灌木，高0.5-1.3米，全株无毛；小枝灰色，具皮孔。叶革质，阔椭圆形至披针形，有时卵形，长5-10厘米，宽2.5-6厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部楔形或阔楔形，中脉在上面扁平，在下面凸起，侧脉4-5对，在下面明显或两面均不明显；叶柄长0.5-1厘米。总状花序，1-3个腋生或生于小枝已落叶腋部，花序梗长1.5-2厘米，具花4-8朵；花梗长4-6毫米，苞片阔卵形，长1-2毫米，小苞片2枚，三角形，长1-1.5毫米，基部彼此合生，花托椭圆状，长2-2.5毫米；副萼环状，长约0.5毫米；花冠橙色，长1-1.5厘米，冠管膨胀，具六棱，裂片6枚，披针形，长约4毫米，反折；花丝长约2毫米，花药长1毫米；花柱线状，柱头头状。果近球形，长约8毫米，直径7毫米，橙色，果皮平滑。花期2-6月，果期5-8月。
产于西藏（墨脱）、云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、福建。海拔20-1600米平原或山地常绿阔叶林中，寄生于壳斗科、山茶科、桑科植物或枫香、油桐、杉树等多种植物上。尼泊尔，锡金、印度东北部、孟加拉和亚洲东南部各国均有分布。模式标本采自越南。
全株药用，广东、广西民间以寄生于杉树上的为佳品，称“杉寄生”，有清热、止咳等效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Loureiro) Tieghem
鞘花 qiao hua
Loranthus cochinchinensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 195. 1790; Elytranthe ampullacea (Roxburgh) G. Don; E. ampullacea var. tonkinensis Lecomte; E. cochinchinensis (Loureiro) G. Don; E. cochinchinensis var. tonkinensis (Lecomte) H. L. Li; E. fordii (Hance) Merrill; Loranthus ampullaceus Roxburgh; L. fordii Hance; Macrosolen fordii (Hance) Danser.
Shrub 0.5-1.3 m tall. Branches grayish, scattered lenticellate. Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade broadly elliptic or ovate to lanceolate, 5-10 × 2.5-6 cm, leathery, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, abaxially prominent or obscure on both faces, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences solitary or 2- or 3-fascicled, axillary, sometimes at older leafless nodes, (2-)4-8-flowered racemes; peduncle 15-20 mm; bracts broadly ovate, 1-2 mm; bracteoles triangular, connate at base, 1-1.5 mm. Pedicel 4-6 mm. Calyx ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm, limb annular; ca. 0.5 mm. Mature bud 1-1.5 cm. Corolla orange, straight, inflated in middle, 6-angled, lobes lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, reflexed. Filaments ca. 2 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Berry orange, subglobose, ca. 7 mm. Fl. Feb-Jun, fr. May-Aug.
Forests, plains, valleys, mountain slopes; ?100-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, Sichuan, Xizang (Mêdog), Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
The plants have medicinal uses. Recorded hosts include Castanea mollissima, Cinnamomum camphora, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Ficus lacor, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, and Vernicia montana. The inflorescence, usually with four or more flowers and with pedicels 4–6 mm, immediately distinguishes this very common species from others recorded from China, even in the absence of corollas.
别名：八角鞘花寄生;杉寄生;寄生果;寄生包;枫木鞘花;枫木寄生;越南鞘寄生;狭叶鞘花;鞘花寄生;龙眼寄生;苞花寄生;
科名：桑寄生科 Loranthaceae
属名：鞘花属 Macrosolen
1.鞘花（中国高等植物图鉴）、枫木鞘花（海南植物志），杉寄生（广东、广西）
Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Van Tiegh. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 41: 122. 1894; Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. 3, 11: 279. 1931, op. cit. 1-6: 5. 1938, et in Blumea 2: 42. 1936; 中国高等植物图鉴补编1: 216. 1982 云南植物志 3: 350, pl. 101, 1-2. 1983. ——Loranthus cochinchinensis Lour. Fl. Cocbinch. 195. 1790.——L. ampullaceus Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2: 189. 1814. nom. nud., ed. Carey et Wall. 2: 209. 1824; Kurz For. Fl. Brit. Burma 2: 316. 1877; Forb. et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 26: 405. 1894.——L. fordii Hance in Journ. Bot. 23: 38. 1885. ---Elytranthe cochinchinensis. (Lour. ) G. Don, Gen. Hist. Dichl, Pl. 3: 426. 1834; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 69. 1927; 海南植物志2: 463. 1965.——E. ampullaceal (Roxb. ) G. Don, Gen. Hist. Dichl. pl. 3: 425. 1834; Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 98. 1915, et in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 317. 1916. ——E. ampullacea G. Don var. tonkinensis Lecomte, Not. Syst. 3: 99. 1915, et in Sargent, Pl. Wils. 3: 317. 1916——E. fordii (Hance) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 15: 234. 1919; 海南植物志 2: 464. 1965; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 536, 图1072. 1972.
灌木，高0.5-1.3米，全株无毛；小枝灰色，具皮孔。叶革质，阔椭圆形至披针形，有时卵形，长5-10厘米，宽2.5-6厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，基部楔形或阔楔形，中脉在上面扁平，在下面凸起，侧脉4-5对，在下面明显或两面均不明显；叶柄长0.5-1厘米。总状花序，1-3个腋生或生于小枝已落叶腋部，花序梗长1.5-2厘米，具花4-8朵；花梗长4-6毫米，苞片阔卵形，长1-2毫米，小苞片2枚，三角形，长1-1.5毫米，基部彼此合生，花托椭圆状，长2-2.5毫米；副萼环状，长约0.5毫米；花冠橙色，长1-1.5厘米，冠管膨胀，具六棱，裂片6枚，披针形，长约4毫米，反折；花丝长约2毫米，花药长1毫米；花柱线状，柱头头状。果近球形，长约8毫米，直径7毫米，橙色，果皮平滑。花期2-6月，果期5-8月。
产于西藏（墨脱）、云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、福建。海拔20-1600米平原或山地常绿阔叶林中，寄生于壳斗科、山茶科、桑科植物或枫香、油桐、杉树等多种植物上。尼泊尔，锡金、印度东北部、孟加拉和亚洲东南部各国均有分布。模式标本采自越南。
全株药用，广东、广西民间以寄生于杉树上的为佳品，称“杉寄生”，有清热、止咳等效。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Loureiro) Tieghem
鞘花 qiao hua
Loranthus cochinchinensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 195. 1790; Elytranthe ampullacea (Roxburgh) G. Don; E. ampullacea var. tonkinensis Lecomte; E. cochinchinensis (Loureiro) G. Don; E. cochinchinensis var. tonkinensis (Lecomte) H. L. Li; E. fordii (Hance) Merrill; Loranthus ampullaceus Roxburgh; L. fordii Hance; Macrosolen fordii (Hance) Danser.
Shrub 0.5-1.3 m tall. Branches grayish, scattered lenticellate. Petiole 5-10 mm; leaf blade broadly elliptic or ovate to lanceolate, 5-10 × 2.5-6 cm, leathery, lateral veins 4 or 5 pairs, abaxially prominent or obscure on both faces, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences solitary or 2- or 3-fascicled, axillary, sometimes at older leafless nodes, (2-)4-8-flowered racemes; peduncle 15-20 mm; bracts broadly ovate, 1-2 mm; bracteoles triangular, connate at base, 1-1.5 mm. Pedicel 4-6 mm. Calyx ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm, limb annular; ca. 0.5 mm. Mature bud 1-1.5 cm. Corolla orange, straight, inflated in middle, 6-angled, lobes lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, reflexed. Filaments ca. 2 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Berry orange, subglobose, ca. 7 mm. Fl. Feb-Jun, fr. May-Aug.
Forests, plains, valleys, mountain slopes; ?100-1600 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Hunan, Sichuan, Xizang (Mêdog), Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
The plants have medicinal uses. Recorded hosts include Castanea mollissima, Cinnamomum camphora, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Ficus lacor, Liquidambar formosana, Schima superba, and Vernicia montana. The inflorescence, usually with four or more flowers and with pedicels 4–6 mm, immediately distinguishes this very common species from others recorded from China, even in the absence of corollas.