栗寄生Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.
栗寄生Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.
1．栗寄生（种子植物名称）
Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl. in Engl. u. Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 1: 138. 1897; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 160. 1929;中国高等植物图鉴1:539, 图1078. 1972; 云南植物志3: 372, pl. 109, 5-6. 1983.——Viscum opuntia Thunb. Fl. Jap. 64. 1784, nom. illegit. ——V. japonicum Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 329. 1794; DC. Prodr. 4: 283, 1830. ——Bifaria japonica (Thunb.) Van Tiegh. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 173. 1896. ——Pseudixus japonicus (Thunb.) Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 188, f. 64. 1915. ——Korthalsella opuntia (Thunb.) Merr. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 30: 68. 1916, nom. illegit. ; Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. 3, 11: 453, f. 25 b. 1931, et in op. cit. 14: 133. 1937, et in op. cit. 16: 333. 1940; Engl. u. Krause in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16 b.: 185, f. 99, a-c. 1935; 海南植物志2: 464. 1965. ——Bifaria opuntia (Thunb. ) Merr. Enum. Philip. Pl. 2: 113. 1923, et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 69. 1927; J. M. Chao in Fl. Taiwan 2: 240, pl. 282. 1976.——Korthalsella moniliformis (Wight et Arn. ) Lecomte in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 22: 265. 1916, pro parte quoad Cavalerie 3462.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Korthalsella japonica (Thunberg) Engler
栗寄生 li ji sheng
Viscum japonicum Thunberg, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 329. 1794; Bifaria davidiana Tieghem; B. fasciculata Tieghem; B. japonica (Thunberg) Tieghem; B. opuntia Merrill, nom. illeg. superfl.; Korthalsella fasciculata (Tieghem) Lecomte; K. japonica var. fasciculata (Tieghem) H. S. Kiu; K. moniliformis (Wight & Arnott) Lecomte; K. opuntia Merrill, nom. illeg. superfl.; K. opuntia var. fasciculata (Tieghem) Danser; Pseudixus japonicus (Thunberg) Hayata; Viscum moniliforme Wight & Arnott (1834), not Blume (1826); V. opuntia Thunberg, nom. illeg. superfl.
Plants green, 5-15 cm tall. Branches usually opposite; stem internodes narrowly obovate or oblanceolate-obovate, 7-17 × (2-)3-6 mm, longitudinally 1-ribbed when dried. Leaves fused into a ring. Inflorescence lateral at node. Male flower greenish, subglobose in bud, ca. 0.5 mm; perianth lobes triangular. Synadrium spheric. Female flower ellipsoid or ovoid in bud, 5-7 mm; perianth lobes triangular, minute. Berry yellowish, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jan-Dec.
Forests, scrub, mountain slopes, valleys, islands; 100-700(-2500) m. Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang (Bomi), Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; E Africa (and Madagascar), Australia, Indian Ocean Islands].
The plants are parasitic on Adinandra millettii, Camellia caudata, C. oleifera, C. sinensis var. assamica, Carpinus turczaninowii, Quercus baronii, Q. setulosa, Syzygium buxifolium, Tutcheria spectabilis, and species of Ilex, Rhododendron, Symplocos, and Lauraceae.
This species has often been confused with the more widespread Korthalsella taenioides (Commerson ex Candolle) Engler, which differs by having internodes with eight or more longitudinal veins. The Chinese material belongs to f. japonica. The form f. rubra (Tieghem) Molvray, a rather larger plant, commonly more than 15 cm tall with segments more than 10 mm, was first described from Australia and has been recorded from N India and Japan; it could occur in the Flora area. A third form with almost terete segments, f. grayi (Barlow) Molvray, is restricted to Australia.
【出处】 栗寄生始载于《植物名实图考》，云："栗寄生，云南栗树上有之。长条下垂，扁茎密节，一平一侧，参差互生，极类雕刻。每节左右，嵌以圆珠，与诸木寄生不同，而状颇奇巧。"从描述及附图观之，其原植物与今桑寄生科植物栗寄生相符。
【拼音名】 Lì Jì Shēnɡ
【别名】 柃寄生、螃蟹脚、吊兰、胡龙须、方叶子、樟木寄生、油茶寄生、梅子寄生、三稔寄生
【来源】 药材基源：为桑寄生科植物栗寄生的枝叶。
拉丁植物动物矿物名：Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.［Viscum japonicum Thunb.；Pseudixus japonicus(Thunb.)Hay-ata］
采收和储藏：夏、秋季间采收，扎成束，晾干。
【原形态】 亚灌木，高5-15cm。小枝扁平，通常对生，节间狭倒卵形至倒卵状披针形，长7-17mm，宽3-6mm，干后中肋明显。叶退化呈鳞片状，成对合生呈环状。花淡绿色，有具节的毛围绕于基部；雄花花蕾时近球形，长约0.5mm，花梗短，花被片3，三角形，聚药雄蕊扁球形；雌花花蕾时椭圆状，长约0.5mm，花被片3，阔三角形，小柱头乳头状。浆果椭圆形或梨形，长2-3.5mm，直径约1.5mm，淡黄色。花、果期几全年。
【生境分布】 生态环境：生于海拔150-1700(-2500)m的山地常绿阔叶林中，寄生于壳斗科栎属、柯属或山茶科、樟科、桃金娘科、山矾科、木犀科等植物上。
资源分布：分布于西南及浙江、福建、台湾、湖北、广东、广西、西藏等地。
【性味】 苦；甘；微温
【归经】 肝；肾经
【功能主治】 祛风湿；补肝肾；行气活血；止痛。主风湿痹痛；肢体麻木；腰膝酸痛；头晕目眩；跌打损伤
【用法用量】 内服：煎汤，9-15g。
【摘录】 《中华本草》
别名：桧叶寄生;粟寄生;小栗寄生;小寄生;胡龙须;日本栗寄生;柃寄生;桑寄生;狭茎栗寄生;方叶子;桧叶害生木;
科名：桑寄生科 Loranthaceae
属名：栗寄生属 Korthalsella
1．栗寄生（种子植物名称）
Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl. in Engl. u. Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 1: 138. 1897; Hand. -Mazz. Symb. Sin. 7: 160. 1929;中国高等植物图鉴1:539, 图1078. 1972; 云南植物志3: 372, pl. 109, 5-6. 1983.——Viscum opuntia Thunb. Fl. Jap. 64. 1784, nom. illegit. ——V. japonicum Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 329. 1794; DC. Prodr. 4: 283, 1830. ——Bifaria japonica (Thunb.) Van Tiegh. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 43: 173. 1896. ——Pseudixus japonicus (Thunb.) Hayata, Ic. Pl. Formos. 5: 188, f. 64. 1915. ——Korthalsella opuntia (Thunb.) Merr. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 30: 68. 1916, nom. illegit. ; Danser in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg ser. 3, 11: 453, f. 25 b. 1931, et in op. cit. 14: 133. 1937, et in op. cit. 16: 333. 1940; Engl. u. Krause in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 16 b.: 185, f. 99, a-c. 1935; 海南植物志2: 464. 1965. ——Bifaria opuntia (Thunb. ) Merr. Enum. Philip. Pl. 2: 113. 1923, et in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 69. 1927; J. M. Chao in Fl. Taiwan 2: 240, pl. 282. 1976.——Korthalsella moniliformis (Wight et Arn. ) Lecomte in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 22: 265. 1916, pro parte quoad Cavalerie 3462.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 5 (2003)
Korthalsella japonica (Thunberg) Engler
栗寄生 li ji sheng
Viscum japonicum Thunberg, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 329. 1794; Bifaria davidiana Tieghem; B. fasciculata Tieghem; B. japonica (Thunberg) Tieghem; B. opuntia Merrill, nom. illeg. superfl.; Korthalsella fasciculata (Tieghem) Lecomte; K. japonica var. fasciculata (Tieghem) H. S. Kiu; K. moniliformis (Wight & Arnott) Lecomte; K. opuntia Merrill, nom. illeg. superfl.; K. opuntia var. fasciculata (Tieghem) Danser; Pseudixus japonicus (Thunberg) Hayata; Viscum moniliforme Wight & Arnott (1834), not Blume (1826); V. opuntia Thunberg, nom. illeg. superfl.
Plants green, 5-15 cm tall. Branches usually opposite; stem internodes narrowly obovate or oblanceolate-obovate, 7-17 × (2-)3-6 mm, longitudinally 1-ribbed when dried. Leaves fused into a ring. Inflorescence lateral at node. Male flower greenish, subglobose in bud, ca. 0.5 mm; perianth lobes triangular. Synadrium spheric. Female flower ellipsoid or ovoid in bud, 5-7 mm; perianth lobes triangular, minute. Berry yellowish, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jan-Dec.
Forests, scrub, mountain slopes, valleys, islands; 100-700(-2500) m. Fujian, S Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang (Bomi), Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; E Africa (and Madagascar), Australia, Indian Ocean Islands].
The plants are parasitic on Adinandra millettii, Camellia caudata, C. oleifera, C. sinensis var. assamica, Carpinus turczaninowii, Quercus baronii, Q. setulosa, Syzygium buxifolium, Tutcheria spectabilis, and species of Ilex, Rhododendron, Symplocos, and Lauraceae.
This species has often been confused with the more widespread Korthalsella taenioides (Commerson ex Candolle) Engler, which differs by having internodes with eight or more longitudinal veins. The Chinese material belongs to f. japonica. The form f. rubra (Tieghem) Molvray, a rather larger plant, commonly more than 15 cm tall with segments more than 10 mm, was first described from Australia and has been recorded from N India and Japan; it could occur in the Flora area. A third form with almost terete segments, f. grayi (Barlow) Molvray, is restricted to Australia.
【出处】 栗寄生始载于《植物名实图考》，云："栗寄生，云南栗树上有之。长条下垂，扁茎密节，一平一侧，参差互生，极类雕刻。每节左右，嵌以圆珠，与诸木寄生不同，而状颇奇巧。"从描述及附图观之，其原植物与今桑寄生科植物栗寄生相符。
【拼音名】 Lì Jì Shēnɡ
【别名】 柃寄生、螃蟹脚、吊兰、胡龙须、方叶子、樟木寄生、油茶寄生、梅子寄生、三稔寄生
【来源】 药材基源：为桑寄生科植物栗寄生的枝叶。
拉丁植物动物矿物名：Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.［Viscum japonicum Thunb.；Pseudixus japonicus(Thunb.)Hay-ata］
采收和储藏：夏、秋季间采收，扎成束，晾干。
【原形态】 亚灌木，高5-15cm。小枝扁平，通常对生，节间狭倒卵形至倒卵状披针形，长7-17mm，宽3-6mm，干后中肋明显。叶退化呈鳞片状，成对合生呈环状。花淡绿色，有具节的毛围绕于基部；雄花花蕾时近球形，长约0.5mm，花梗短，花被片3，三角形，聚药雄蕊扁球形；雌花花蕾时椭圆状，长约0.5mm，花被片3，阔三角形，小柱头乳头状。浆果椭圆形或梨形，长2-3.5mm，直径约1.5mm，淡黄色。花、果期几全年。
【生境分布】 生态环境：生于海拔150-1700(-2500)m的山地常绿阔叶林中，寄生于壳斗科栎属、柯属或山茶科、樟科、桃金娘科、山矾科、木犀科等植物上。
资源分布：分布于西南及浙江、福建、台湾、湖北、广东、广西、西藏等地。
【性味】 苦；甘；微温
【归经】 肝；肾经
【功能主治】 祛风湿；补肝肾；行气活血；止痛。主风湿痹痛；肢体麻木；腰膝酸痛；头晕目眩；跌打损伤
【用法用量】 内服：煎汤，9-15g。
【摘录】 《中华本草》