乌蕨Stenoloma chusanum Ching

科名：鳞始蕨科 Lindsaeaceae

属名：乌蕨属 Stenoloma

《中国植物志》第2卷275页
  1．乌蕨　乌韭（中国主要植物图说，蕨类植物门）　图版XXIV，3-6
  Stenoloma chusanum Ching in Sinensia III (1933) 338; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. Suppl. III (1934. ) 173; Tagawa in Acta Phytotax. et Geobot. VI (1937) 227; Tard.-Blot. et C. Chr. in Fl. Indo-Chine VII, ii (1939) 130; H. Ito, Fil. Jap. Illustr. (1944) t. 17; DeVol, Ferns East Centr. China in Notes Bot. Chin. Mus. Heude, No. 7 (1945) 87; 傅书遐, 中国主要植物图说 (蕨类植物门) (1957) 53页, 64图——Adiantum chusanum Linn. Sp. Pl. II (1753) 1095——Davallia chusana Willd. Sp. Pl. V (1810) 475——Sphenomeris chusana Cop. in Bishop Mus. Bull. LIX (1929) 69; Holt. Fl. Mal. II, Ferns Mal. (1954) 341——Trichomanes chinense Linn. Sp. Pl. II (1753) 1099——Adiantum chinense Burm, Fl. Ind. (1768) 236——Davallia chinensis Sm. in Mem. Acad. Turin. V (1793) 414——Microlepia chinensis Mett. Fil. Lips. (1856) 103——Odontosoria chinensis J. Sm. in Bot. Voy. Herald (1857) 430; C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 464; v. A. v. R. Handb. Mal. Ferns (1908) 259; Hand.-Mazz. Symb. Sinic. VI (1929) 30; Wu, Wong & Pong in Bull. Dept. Biol. Sun Yatsen Univ. No. 3(1932) 122, t. 52; Ogata, Ic. Fil. Jap. VII (1936) t. 327——Lindsdea chinensis Mett. ex Kuhn, Fil. Afr. (1868) 67——Stenoloma chinensis Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. Ind. (1883) 70——Sphenomeris chinensis Maxon in Journ. Wash. Acad. III (1913) 144——Ddvallia tenuifolia Sw. in Schrad. Journ. II, (1801) 88; Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 462; Bedd. Ferns S. Ind. (1863-64) t. 16; Dunn & Tutch. Fl. Kwangt. & Hongk. in Kew Bull. Add. Ser. X (1912) 337——Stenoloma tenuifolium Fee, Gen. Fil. (1850-52) 830——Odontosoria tenuifolia J. Sm. Cat. Cult. Ferns (1857) 67——Sphenomeris chusana var. tenuifolia C. Chr. , Pterid. Madag. (1932) 78, t. 27, f. 4-6; Holt. Fl. Mal. II, Ferns Mal. (1954) 341, f. 198,
  植株高达65厘米。根状茎短而横走，粗壮，密被赤褐色的钻状鳞片。叶近生，叶柄长达25厘米，禾杆色至褐禾杆色，有光泽，直径2毫米，圆，上面有沟，除基部外，通体光滑；叶片披针形，长20-40厘米，宽5-12厘米，先端渐尖，基部不变狭，四回羽状；羽片15-20对，互生，密接，下部的相距4-5厘米，有短柄，斜展，卵状披针形，长5-10厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端渐尖，基部楔形，下部三回羽状；一回小羽片在一回羽状的顶部下有10-15对，连接，有短柄，近菱形，长1.5-3厘米，先端钝，基部不对称，楔形，上先出，一回羽状或基部二回羽状；二回（或末回）小羽片小，倒披针形，先端截形，有齿牙，基部楔形，下延，其下部小羽片常再分裂成具有一、二条细脉的短而同形的裂片。叶脉上面不显，下面明显，在小裂片上为二又分枝。叶坚草质，干后棕褐色，通体光滑。孢子囊群边缘着生，每裂片上一枚或二枚，顶生1－2条细脉上；囊群盖灰棕色，革质，半杯形，宽，与叶缘等长，近全缘或多少啮蚀，宿存。
  产浙江南部、福建、台湾、安徽南部、江西、广东、海南岛、香港、广西、湖南、湖北、四川、貴州及云南。热带亚洲各地如日本、菲律宾、玻里尼西亚，向南至马达加斯加等地也有。生林下或灌丛中阴湿地，海拔200-1900米。
  在云南南部红河流域，土名“蜢蚱参”，药用，价昂，据说有「起死回生」之效。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 2-3 (2013)
Odontosoria chinensis  (Linnaeus) J. Smith Bot. Voy. Herald. 10: 430. 1857.
乌蕨   wu jue
Trichomanes chinense Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1099. 1753 [“chinensis”]; Adiantum chusanum Linnaeus; Davallia chinensis (Linnaeus) Smith (1793), not D. sinensis (Christ) Ching (1931, nom. cons.); D. chusana (Linnaeus) Willdenow; Lindsaea chinensis (Linnaeus) A. Braun & C. D. Bouché; Microlepia chinensis (Linnaeus) Mettenius; Odontosoria chusana (Linnaeus) Masamune; O. gracilis (Tagawa) Ralf Knapp; Sphenomeris chinensis (Linnaeus) Maxon; S. chusana (Linnaeus) Copeland; Stenoloma chinensis (Linnaeus) Beddome; S. chusanum (Linnaeus) Ching; S. gracile Tagawa.
Rhizomes shortly creeping, densely scaly; scales dark brown, ca. 2 mm, narrow, 1 or 2 cells wide at base, acicular at apex, stiff. Stipe stramineous to dark stramineous, 20-30 cm, abaxially sulcate except at base; lamina ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 20-50 × 5-15 cm, firmly herbaceous to papery, 3- or 4-pinnate, widest at middle, base broadly cuneate, apex acuminate; pinnae 15-20 pairs, alternate, patent to slightly ascending, ovate-lanceolate, 3-pinnate at base, base cuneate and shortly stalked, margin denticulate to erose, apex acuminate; ultimate pinnules or segments cuneate, to 4 mm wide, apex broadly rounded to truncate or shallowly lobed; veins visible on abaxial surface, forked in ultimate lobes. Sori terminal on 1 or uniting 2 or 3 vein ends; indusia basally and partially adnate laterally, denticulate to erose, rarely repand, distinctly shorter than or rarely coterminous with adaxial lamina. Spores ellipsoid, monolete. 2n = 96, 192.
Terrestrial, along roadsides, forest margins; 300-1700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Madagascar, Pacific islands (including Polynesia)].
Knapp differentiated Odontosoria gracilis from O. chinensis by its rheophytic habit, creeping rhizome, narrowly triangular scales, and thinly herbaceous narrowly ovate lamina and indicated that the two taxa hybridize. One of us (Barcelona) reviewed the type of O. gracilis and considers it to be a synonym of the very variable O. chinensis.