贼小豆Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi
贼小豆Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi
10. 贼小豆（中国主要植物图说·豆科）狭叶菜豆（海南植物志）
Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi in Journ. Tap. Bot. 44: 30. 1969; Verdc. in Kew Bull. 24:558. 1970; 台湾植物志3: 413. 1977.——Phaseolus minimus Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, 3:290. 1832;中国主要植物图说·豆科714. 1955;海南植物志2: 324. 1965.——Azukia minima (Roxb.) Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 691. 1953. et in Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33:77. 1953.
一年生缠绕草本。茎纤细，无毛或被疏毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶披针形，长约4毫米，盾状着生、被疏硬毛；小叶的形状和大小变化颇大，卵形、卵状披针形、披针形或线形，长2.5-7厘米，宽0.8-3厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，两面近无毛或被极稀疏的糙伏毛。总状花序柔弱；总花梗远长于叶柄，通常有花3-4朵；小苞片线形或线状披针形；花萼钟状，长约3毫米，具不等大的5齿，裂齿被硬缘毛；花冠黄色，旗瓣极外弯，近圆形，长约l厘米，宽约8毫米；龙骨瓣具长而尖的耳。荚果圆柱形，长3.5-6.5厘米，宽4毫米，无毛，开裂后旋卷；种子4-8颗长圆形，长约4毫米，宽约2毫米，深灰色，种脐线形，凸起，长3毫米。花、果期8-10月。
产我国北部、东南部至南部。生于旷野、草丛或灌丛中。日本、菲律宾亦有分布。模式标本采自广州。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Vigna minima (Roxburgh) Ohwi & H. Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 44: 30. 1969.
贼小豆 zei xiao dou
Phaseolus minimus Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 3: 290. 1832; Azukia minima (Roxburgh) Ohwi; P. gracilicaulis Ohwi; P. heterophyllus Hayata (1920), not Willdenow (1809); P. mini-mus f. heterophyllus Hosokawa; P. minimus f. linearis Hosoka-wa; P. minimus f. rotundifolius (Hayata) Hosokawa; P. rotundi-folius Hayata; Vigna dimorphophylla T. L. Wu; V. gracilicaulis (Ohwi) Ohwi & H. Ohashi; V. lutea A. Gray var. minor Matsu-mura; V. minima f. heterophylla (Hosokawa) Ohwi & H. Ohashi; V. minima f. linearis (Hosokawa) T. C. Huang & H. Ohashi; V. minima var. minor (Matsumura) Tateishi.
Annual herbs, twining. Stems slender, subglabrous. Stip-ules peltate, lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, sparsely hirsute; leaflets variable in size and shape, oblong-ovate, suborbicular, linear, linear-lanceolate, or ovate, 2-7 × 0.5-3 cm, subglabrous or sparsely strigose on both surfaces, base rounded or broadly cu-neate, apex acute to obtuse. Racemes axillary, slender, 3- or 4-flowered. Bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate. Calyx campan-ulate, ca. 3 mm; teeth 5, unequal. Corolla yellow; standard sub-orbicular, ca. 10 × 8 mm, deflexed; keel with long and acute auricle. Legumes terete, 3.5-6.5 × ca. 0.4 cm, glabrous. Seeds 4-8, dark gray to brownish, oblong, ca. 4 × 3 mm; hilum linear. Fl. and fr. Aug-Oct.
Grasslands, thickets. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hai-nan, Hebei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Tai-wan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Philippines].
别名：cowpea;小豇豆;狭叶绿豆;野绿豆;狭叶菜豆;野小豆;山绿豆;
科名：豆科 Leguminosae
属名：豇豆属 Vigna
10. 贼小豆（中国主要植物图说·豆科）狭叶菜豆（海南植物志）
Vigna minima (Roxb.) Ohwi et Ohashi in Journ. Tap. Bot. 44: 30. 1969; Verdc. in Kew Bull. 24:558. 1970; 台湾植物志3: 413. 1977.——Phaseolus minimus Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, 3:290. 1832;中国主要植物图说·豆科714. 1955;海南植物志2: 324. 1965.——Azukia minima (Roxb.) Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 691. 1953. et in Bull. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33:77. 1953.
一年生缠绕草本。茎纤细，无毛或被疏毛。羽状复叶具3小叶；托叶披针形，长约4毫米，盾状着生、被疏硬毛；小叶的形状和大小变化颇大，卵形、卵状披针形、披针形或线形，长2.5-7厘米，宽0.8-3厘米，先端急尖或钝，基部圆形或宽楔形，两面近无毛或被极稀疏的糙伏毛。总状花序柔弱；总花梗远长于叶柄，通常有花3-4朵；小苞片线形或线状披针形；花萼钟状，长约3毫米，具不等大的5齿，裂齿被硬缘毛；花冠黄色，旗瓣极外弯，近圆形，长约l厘米，宽约8毫米；龙骨瓣具长而尖的耳。荚果圆柱形，长3.5-6.5厘米，宽4毫米，无毛，开裂后旋卷；种子4-8颗长圆形，长约4毫米，宽约2毫米，深灰色，种脐线形，凸起，长3毫米。花、果期8-10月。
产我国北部、东南部至南部。生于旷野、草丛或灌丛中。日本、菲律宾亦有分布。模式标本采自广州。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Vigna minima (Roxburgh) Ohwi & H. Ohashi J. Jap. Bot. 44: 30. 1969.
贼小豆 zei xiao dou
Phaseolus minimus Roxburgh, Fl. Ind., ed. 1832, 3: 290. 1832; Azukia minima (Roxburgh) Ohwi; P. gracilicaulis Ohwi; P. heterophyllus Hayata (1920), not Willdenow (1809); P. mini-mus f. heterophyllus Hosokawa; P. minimus f. linearis Hosoka-wa; P. minimus f. rotundifolius (Hayata) Hosokawa; P. rotundi-folius Hayata; Vigna dimorphophylla T. L. Wu; V. gracilicaulis (Ohwi) Ohwi & H. Ohashi; V. lutea A. Gray var. minor Matsu-mura; V. minima f. heterophylla (Hosokawa) Ohwi & H. Ohashi; V. minima f. linearis (Hosokawa) T. C. Huang & H. Ohashi; V. minima var. minor (Matsumura) Tateishi.
Annual herbs, twining. Stems slender, subglabrous. Stip-ules peltate, lanceolate, ca. 4 mm, sparsely hirsute; leaflets variable in size and shape, oblong-ovate, suborbicular, linear, linear-lanceolate, or ovate, 2-7 × 0.5-3 cm, subglabrous or sparsely strigose on both surfaces, base rounded or broadly cu-neate, apex acute to obtuse. Racemes axillary, slender, 3- or 4-flowered. Bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate. Calyx campan-ulate, ca. 3 mm; teeth 5, unequal. Corolla yellow; standard sub-orbicular, ca. 10 × 8 mm, deflexed; keel with long and acute auricle. Legumes terete, 3.5-6.5 × ca. 0.4 cm, glabrous. Seeds 4-8, dark gray to brownish, oblong, ca. 4 × 3 mm; hilum linear. Fl. and fr. Aug-Oct.
Grasslands, thickets. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hai-nan, Hebei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi, Tai-wan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Philippines].