中国无忧花Saraca dives Pierre
中国无忧花Saraca dives Pierre
2．中国无忧花（广西植物）火焰花（广西植物名录）图版72：1-4
Saraca dives Pierre, Fl. For. Cochinch. 5: t. 386B. 1899; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 211. 1913; Zuijderh. op. cit. 421. 1967; K. et S. S. Larsen in Aubrev. Fl. Camb. Laos Vietn. 18: 138. 1980.——S. chinensis Merr. et Chun (ms.); 侯宽昭, 中国种子植物科属辞典, 385. 1958; 中国高等植物图鉴,2: 331. 1972.——S. indica auct. non Linn.: 侯宽昭, 中国种子植物科属辞典, 385. 1958;中国高等植物图鉴, 2: 331.图2391. 1972.
乔木，高5-20米；胸径达25厘米。叶有小叶5-6对，嫩叶略带紫红色，下垂；小叶近革质，长椭圆形、卵状披针形或长倒卵形，长15-35厘米，宽5-12厘米，基部1对常较小，先端渐尖、急尖或钝，基部楔形，侧脉8-11对；小叶柄长7-12毫米。花序腋生，较大，总轴被毛或近无毛；总苞大，阔卵形，被毛，早落；苞片卵形、披针形或长圆形，长1.5-5厘米，宽6-20毫米。下部的1片最大，往上逐渐变小，被毛或无毛，早落或迟落；小苞片与苞片同形，但远较苞片为小；花黄色，后部分（萼裂片基部及花盘、雄蕊、花柱）变红色，两性或单性；花梗短于萼管，无关节；萼管长1.5-3厘米，裂片长圆形，4片，有时5-6片，具缘毛；雄蕊8-10枚，其中1-2枚常退化呈钻状，花丝突出，花药长圆形，长3-4毫米；子房微弯，无毛或沿两缝线及柄被毛。荚果棕褐色，扁平，长22-30厘米，宽5-7厘米，果瓣卷曲；种子5-9颗，形状不一，扁平，两面中央有一浅凹槽。花期4-5月；果期7-10月。
产云南东南部至广西西南部、南部和东南部。广州华南植物园有少量栽培。普遍生于海拔200-1000米的密林或疏林中，常见于河流或溪谷两旁。越南、老挝也有分布。模式标本采自越南。
本种可放养紫胶虫，且是一优良的紫胶虫寄主；树皮入药，可治风湿和月经过多。由于花大而美丽，又是一良好的庭园绿化和观赏树种。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Saraca dives Pierre Fl. Forest. Cochinch. t. 386B. 1899.
中国无忧花 zhong guo wu you hua
Saraca chinensis Merrill & Chun.
Trees, 5-20 m tall. Trunk ca. 25 cm d.b.h. Petiolules 7-12 mm; leaflets 5 or 6 pairs, slightly purplish red when young, pendulous, narrowly elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, or narrowly obovate, 15-35 × 5-12 cm, subleathery, lateral veins 8-11 pairs, lowest pair often smaller, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse. Inflorescence axillary, larger; rachis hairy or gla-brous; involucre caducous, broadly ovate, large, hairy; bracts caducous or late deciduous, ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, 1.5-5 × 0.6-2 cm, lowest one largest, gradually smaller upward, hairy or glabrous; bracteoles equal to bracts in shape but much smaller. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, yellow, base of calyx lobes, disk, stamens, and style becoming red; pedicels shorter than calyx tube, not articulate. Calyx tube 1.5-3 cm; lobes 4(-6), oblong, ciliate. Stamens 8-10 including 1 or 2 often re-duced to subulate; filaments exserted; anthers oblong, 3-4 mm. Ovary slightly curved, glabrous or hairy along sutures and stalk. Legume brownish, compressed, 22-30 × 5-7 cm, valves twisted. Seeds 5-9, unequal in shape, shallowly depressed sul-cate at middle of both surfaces. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Oct.
Dense or sparse forests, riversides, along valleys, by streams; 200-1000 m. Guangdong, SE and SW Guangxi, SE Yunnan [Laos, Vietnam].
This is a fine parasitifer plant, which can be used for breeding lac insects. The bark is used medicinally for relieving rheumatism and menorrhagia. The flowers are large and showy, and the trees are often cultivated ornamentally.This is a fine parasitifer plant, which can be used for breeding lac insects. The bark is used medicinally for relieving rheumatism and menorrhagia. The flowers are large and showy, and the trees are often cultivated ornamentally.
别名：马叶树;云南无忧花;无忧花;四方柀;四方木皮;马树;火焰花;黄莺花;火艳花;火焰木;四方木;酸角果;
科名：豆科 Leguminosae
属名：无忧花属 Saraca
2．中国无忧花（广西植物）火焰花（广西植物名录）图版72：1-4
Saraca dives Pierre, Fl. For. Cochinch. 5: t. 386B. 1899; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 211. 1913; Zuijderh. op. cit. 421. 1967; K. et S. S. Larsen in Aubrev. Fl. Camb. Laos Vietn. 18: 138. 1980.——S. chinensis Merr. et Chun (ms.); 侯宽昭, 中国种子植物科属辞典, 385. 1958; 中国高等植物图鉴,2: 331. 1972.——S. indica auct. non Linn.: 侯宽昭, 中国种子植物科属辞典, 385. 1958;中国高等植物图鉴, 2: 331.图2391. 1972.
乔木，高5-20米；胸径达25厘米。叶有小叶5-6对，嫩叶略带紫红色，下垂；小叶近革质，长椭圆形、卵状披针形或长倒卵形，长15-35厘米，宽5-12厘米，基部1对常较小，先端渐尖、急尖或钝，基部楔形，侧脉8-11对；小叶柄长7-12毫米。花序腋生，较大，总轴被毛或近无毛；总苞大，阔卵形，被毛，早落；苞片卵形、披针形或长圆形，长1.5-5厘米，宽6-20毫米。下部的1片最大，往上逐渐变小，被毛或无毛，早落或迟落；小苞片与苞片同形，但远较苞片为小；花黄色，后部分（萼裂片基部及花盘、雄蕊、花柱）变红色，两性或单性；花梗短于萼管，无关节；萼管长1.5-3厘米，裂片长圆形，4片，有时5-6片，具缘毛；雄蕊8-10枚，其中1-2枚常退化呈钻状，花丝突出，花药长圆形，长3-4毫米；子房微弯，无毛或沿两缝线及柄被毛。荚果棕褐色，扁平，长22-30厘米，宽5-7厘米，果瓣卷曲；种子5-9颗，形状不一，扁平，两面中央有一浅凹槽。花期4-5月；果期7-10月。
产云南东南部至广西西南部、南部和东南部。广州华南植物园有少量栽培。普遍生于海拔200-1000米的密林或疏林中，常见于河流或溪谷两旁。越南、老挝也有分布。模式标本采自越南。
本种可放养紫胶虫，且是一优良的紫胶虫寄主；树皮入药，可治风湿和月经过多。由于花大而美丽，又是一良好的庭园绿化和观赏树种。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Saraca dives Pierre Fl. Forest. Cochinch. t. 386B. 1899.
中国无忧花 zhong guo wu you hua
Saraca chinensis Merrill & Chun.
Trees, 5-20 m tall. Trunk ca. 25 cm d.b.h. Petiolules 7-12 mm; leaflets 5 or 6 pairs, slightly purplish red when young, pendulous, narrowly elliptic, ovate-lanceolate, or narrowly obovate, 15-35 × 5-12 cm, subleathery, lateral veins 8-11 pairs, lowest pair often smaller, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, or obtuse. Inflorescence axillary, larger; rachis hairy or gla-brous; involucre caducous, broadly ovate, large, hairy; bracts caducous or late deciduous, ovate, lanceolate, or oblong, 1.5-5 × 0.6-2 cm, lowest one largest, gradually smaller upward, hairy or glabrous; bracteoles equal to bracts in shape but much smaller. Flowers bisexual or unisexual, yellow, base of calyx lobes, disk, stamens, and style becoming red; pedicels shorter than calyx tube, not articulate. Calyx tube 1.5-3 cm; lobes 4(-6), oblong, ciliate. Stamens 8-10 including 1 or 2 often re-duced to subulate; filaments exserted; anthers oblong, 3-4 mm. Ovary slightly curved, glabrous or hairy along sutures and stalk. Legume brownish, compressed, 22-30 × 5-7 cm, valves twisted. Seeds 5-9, unequal in shape, shallowly depressed sul-cate at middle of both surfaces. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Oct.
Dense or sparse forests, riversides, along valleys, by streams; 200-1000 m. Guangdong, SE and SW Guangxi, SE Yunnan [Laos, Vietnam].
This is a fine parasitifer plant, which can be used for breeding lac insects. The bark is used medicinally for relieving rheumatism and menorrhagia. The flowers are large and showy, and the trees are often cultivated ornamentally.This is a fine parasitifer plant, which can be used for breeding lac insects. The bark is used medicinally for relieving rheumatism and menorrhagia. The flowers are large and showy, and the trees are often cultivated ornamentally.