软荚红豆Ormosia semicastrata Hance
软荚红豆Ormosia semicastrata Hance
9. 软荚红豆（中山大学学报）相思子（本草纲目），黄姜树（广东）
Ormosia semicastrata Hance in Journ. Bot. 20: 78. 1882; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 69: 180. 1900; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. ser. 10: 88. 1912; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 91. 1928. Chun in Sci. Journ. Coll. Sci. Sunyatsen Univ. 2: 50. 1930; Merr. et L. Chen in Sargentia 3: 111. 1943; How in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 1: 234. 1951;中国主要植物图说·豆科125.图115. 1955; 海南植物志2: 243. 1965.——O. cathayensis L. Chen in Sargentia 3: 112. 1943.
本种形态有一定程度的变化，差异较大的有下列3个变型。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Ormosia semicastrata Hance J. Bot. 20: 78. 1882.
软荚红豆 ruan jia hong dou
Ormosia cathayensis L. Chen; O. semicastrata f. litchii-folia F. C. How; O. semicastrata f. pallida F. C. How.
Trees evergreen, up to 14 m. Bark of stems brown; lenti-cels convex with irregular cracks. Branchlets yellowish pilose. Leaves imparipinnate, 18.5-24.5 cm; petiole, rachis, and petio-lule appressed grayish brown pilose; rachis prolonged 1-2.4 cm below terminal leaflet; leaflets 3-9(-13), green or sometimes glaucous abaxially, ovate-oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 4-14.2 × 1-5.7 cm, leathery, glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes ap-pressed pilose along midvein abaxially, base rounded or broadly to narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate or acute, obtuse or retuse; lateral veins 10 or 11 pairs, angled 60° with midvein, arcuate, inconspicuous. Panicles terminal, sometimes axillary, subequal to leaves; peduncle and pedicel densely appressed fulvous pi-lose. Flowers ca. 7 mm. Calyx broadly campanulate, 4-5 mm; teeth triangular, subequal, abaxially densely appressed fulvous tomentose, adaxially sparsely rusty brown pilose. Corolla white, ca. 2 × as long as calyx; standard suborbicular, ca. 4 × 4 mm, claw ca. 4 mm; wings linear-oblanceolate, ca. 4.5 × 2 mm, claw ca. 4.5 mm; keel oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, claw ca. 2 mm. Stamens unequal, 5 developed, 5 shorter, reduced and without functional anthers. Ovary ovate, ovary sutures and lower style densely ap-pressed fulvous pubescent; ovules 2. Legumes small, dark brown when dried, suborbicular, compressed, slightly swollen, leathery, 1.5-2 cm, apex shortly beaked, stipe 2-3 mm. Seed 1, red to red-brown, compressed laterally, ca. 9 × 9 × 6 mm; hilum ca. 2 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Mixed forests, mountains, valleys, streamsides, roadsides; 100-1700 m. SE Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SE Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, S Jiangxi.
别名：红相思;山鸭公青;红豆;红豆树;相思木;黄姜树;相思子;荔枝叶红豆;苍叶红豆;荔叶红豆;
科名：豆科 Leguminosae
属名：红豆属 Ormosia
9. 软荚红豆（中山大学学报）相思子（本草纲目），黄姜树（广东）
Ormosia semicastrata Hance in Journ. Bot. 20: 78. 1882; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 69: 180. 1900; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. ser. 10: 88. 1912; Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Journ. 5: 91. 1928. Chun in Sci. Journ. Coll. Sci. Sunyatsen Univ. 2: 50. 1930; Merr. et L. Chen in Sargentia 3: 111. 1943; How in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 1: 234. 1951;中国主要植物图说·豆科125.图115. 1955; 海南植物志2: 243. 1965.——O. cathayensis L. Chen in Sargentia 3: 112. 1943.
本种形态有一定程度的变化，差异较大的有下列3个变型。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Ormosia semicastrata Hance J. Bot. 20: 78. 1882.
软荚红豆 ruan jia hong dou
Ormosia cathayensis L. Chen; O. semicastrata f. litchii-folia F. C. How; O. semicastrata f. pallida F. C. How.
Trees evergreen, up to 14 m. Bark of stems brown; lenti-cels convex with irregular cracks. Branchlets yellowish pilose. Leaves imparipinnate, 18.5-24.5 cm; petiole, rachis, and petio-lule appressed grayish brown pilose; rachis prolonged 1-2.4 cm below terminal leaflet; leaflets 3-9(-13), green or sometimes glaucous abaxially, ovate-oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 4-14.2 × 1-5.7 cm, leathery, glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes ap-pressed pilose along midvein abaxially, base rounded or broadly to narrowly cuneate, apex acuminate or acute, obtuse or retuse; lateral veins 10 or 11 pairs, angled 60° with midvein, arcuate, inconspicuous. Panicles terminal, sometimes axillary, subequal to leaves; peduncle and pedicel densely appressed fulvous pi-lose. Flowers ca. 7 mm. Calyx broadly campanulate, 4-5 mm; teeth triangular, subequal, abaxially densely appressed fulvous tomentose, adaxially sparsely rusty brown pilose. Corolla white, ca. 2 × as long as calyx; standard suborbicular, ca. 4 × 4 mm, claw ca. 4 mm; wings linear-oblanceolate, ca. 4.5 × 2 mm, claw ca. 4.5 mm; keel oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, claw ca. 2 mm. Stamens unequal, 5 developed, 5 shorter, reduced and without functional anthers. Ovary ovate, ovary sutures and lower style densely ap-pressed fulvous pubescent; ovules 2. Legumes small, dark brown when dried, suborbicular, compressed, slightly swollen, leathery, 1.5-2 cm, apex shortly beaked, stipe 2-3 mm. Seed 1, red to red-brown, compressed laterally, ca. 9 × 9 × 6 mm; hilum ca. 2 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Sep.
● Mixed forests, mountains, valleys, streamsides, roadsides; 100-1700 m. SE Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, SE Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, S Jiangxi.