山皂荚Gleditsia japonica Miq.
山皂荚Gleditsia japonica Miq.
6.山皂荚（山东、江苏、安徽、江西）山皂角（河北、河南），皂荚树、皂角树、悬刀树、荚果树、乌犀树、鸡栖子，日本皂荚（中国主要植物图说——豆科）
Gleditsia japonica Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 53. 1867; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees Shrubs ed. 2, 486. 1947; Nakai in Journ. Jap. Bot. 27: 129. 1952; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志336, 图115 (250). 1955;中国主要植物图说——豆科79,图79. 1955; Steward, Man. Vasc. Pl. Low. Yangtze China 177. 1958; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 554. 1965. ——Fagara horrida Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 329. 1792. ——Gleditsia horrida auctt. non Hort. ex Willd.: Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 17: 12. 1903; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 7: 153. 1926;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学507. 1937. ——G. koraiensis Nakai ex Mori, Enum. Pl. Cor. 215. 1922. nom. nud.——G. melanacantha Tang et Wang,中国主要植物图说——豆科80, 图80. 1955, nom. seminud;裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册379, 图610. 1959;中国高等植物图鉴2: 346, 图2421. 1972.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Gleditsia japonica Miquel Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi. 3: 54. 1867.
山皂荚 shan zao jia
Trees or small trees, to 25 m tall. Branchlets purplish brown or grayish green when bark falls off, slightly ribbed, with scattered whitish lenticels, smooth and glabrous. Spines pur-plish brown to brownish black, slightly flat, robust, 2-15.5 cm, often branched. Leaves pinnate or bipinnate (pinnae 2-6 pairs), 11-25 cm; petiolules very short; leaflets 3-10 pairs, adaxially sometimes shiny, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 2-7(-9) × 1-3(-4) cm (leaflets of bipinnate leaves obviously smaller), papery to thickly papery, abaxially puberulent on mid-vein and at base, glabrescent when old, adaxially puberulent or glabrous, slightly scabrous, reticulate veinlets obscure, base broadly cuneate or rounded, slightly oblique, margin entire or repand-crenate, apex rounded, sometimes emarginate. Flowers yellowish green, in axillary or terminal, puberulent spikes. Male inflorescence 8-20 cm; female inflorescence 5-16 cm. Male flowers: 5-6 mm in diam.; receptacle deep brown, ca. 1.5 mm, outside densely brown puberulent; sepals 3 or 4, triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, both surfaces pubescent; petals 4, elliptic, ca. 2 mm, pubescent; stamens 6-8(or 9). Female flowers: 5-8(-9) mm in diam.; receptacle ca. 2 mm; sepals and petals 4 or 5, similar to those of male flowers in shape, ca. 3 mm, both surfaces densely pubescent; staminodes 4-8; ovary glabrous; ovules numerous; style short, incurved; stigma inflated, 2-lobed. Legume brown or brownish black, compressed, strap-shaped, 20-54 × 2-7 cm, irregularly twisted or falcate, apex with beak 5-15 mm; stipe 1.5-3.5(-5) cm; valves leathery, often bullate, glabrous or velutinous, shiny. Seeds numerous, deep brown, elliptic, 9-10 × 5-7 mm, smooth. 2n = 28*.
Sunny slopes, valleys, streamsides, near roads, forests; 100-2500 m. Anhui, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].
别名：皂力板子;日本皂荚;山皂角;小儿刺;小皂荚;皂荚;皂荚树;皂角;皂角板子;皂角刺;皂角树;日本皂角;皂荚板;乌犀;悬刀;
科名：豆科 Leguminosae
属名：皂荚属 Gleditsia
6.山皂荚（山东、江苏、安徽、江西）山皂角（河北、河南），皂荚树、皂角树、悬刀树、荚果树、乌犀树、鸡栖子，日本皂荚（中国主要植物图说——豆科）
Gleditsia japonica Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3: 53. 1867; Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees Shrubs ed. 2, 486. 1947; Nakai in Journ. Jap. Bot. 27: 129. 1952; 刘慎谔等, 东北木本植物图志336, 图115 (250). 1955;中国主要植物图说——豆科79,图79. 1955; Steward, Man. Vasc. Pl. Low. Yangtze China 177. 1958; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 554. 1965. ——Fagara horrida Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: 329. 1792. ——Gleditsia horrida auctt. non Hort. ex Willd.: Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 17: 12. 1903; Rehd. in Journ. Arn. Arb. 7: 153. 1926;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学507. 1937. ——G. koraiensis Nakai ex Mori, Enum. Pl. Cor. 215. 1922. nom. nud.——G. melanacantha Tang et Wang,中国主要植物图说——豆科80, 图80. 1955, nom. seminud;裴鉴等, 江苏南部种子植物手册379, 图610. 1959;中国高等植物图鉴2: 346, 图2421. 1972.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Gleditsia japonica Miquel Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi. 3: 54. 1867.
山皂荚 shan zao jia
Trees or small trees, to 25 m tall. Branchlets purplish brown or grayish green when bark falls off, slightly ribbed, with scattered whitish lenticels, smooth and glabrous. Spines pur-plish brown to brownish black, slightly flat, robust, 2-15.5 cm, often branched. Leaves pinnate or bipinnate (pinnae 2-6 pairs), 11-25 cm; petiolules very short; leaflets 3-10 pairs, adaxially sometimes shiny, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 2-7(-9) × 1-3(-4) cm (leaflets of bipinnate leaves obviously smaller), papery to thickly papery, abaxially puberulent on mid-vein and at base, glabrescent when old, adaxially puberulent or glabrous, slightly scabrous, reticulate veinlets obscure, base broadly cuneate or rounded, slightly oblique, margin entire or repand-crenate, apex rounded, sometimes emarginate. Flowers yellowish green, in axillary or terminal, puberulent spikes. Male inflorescence 8-20 cm; female inflorescence 5-16 cm. Male flowers: 5-6 mm in diam.; receptacle deep brown, ca. 1.5 mm, outside densely brown puberulent; sepals 3 or 4, triangular-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, both surfaces pubescent; petals 4, elliptic, ca. 2 mm, pubescent; stamens 6-8(or 9). Female flowers: 5-8(-9) mm in diam.; receptacle ca. 2 mm; sepals and petals 4 or 5, similar to those of male flowers in shape, ca. 3 mm, both surfaces densely pubescent; staminodes 4-8; ovary glabrous; ovules numerous; style short, incurved; stigma inflated, 2-lobed. Legume brown or brownish black, compressed, strap-shaped, 20-54 × 2-7 cm, irregularly twisted or falcate, apex with beak 5-15 mm; stipe 1.5-3.5(-5) cm; valves leathery, often bullate, glabrous or velutinous, shiny. Seeds numerous, deep brown, elliptic, 9-10 × 5-7 mm, smooth. 2n = 28*.
Sunny slopes, valleys, streamsides, near roads, forests; 100-2500 m. Anhui, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea].