火筒树Leea indica (Burm. F.) Merr.
火筒树Leea indica (Burm. F.) Merr.
1.火筒树（中国树木分类学）祖公柴，五指枫（海南) 图版1：1-6
Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 14: 245. 1919 et in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 5: 123. 1927;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学757. 1937;广州植物志425. 1956; 海南植物志3: 28. 1974; Ridsdale in Blumea 22 (1): 95. f. 4: 1-7 et 8: 5. 1974. p. p.; Whitmore in Hara & Wiliams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nep. 2: 96. 1979; 中国高等植物图鉴补编2: 367. 1983 in clavi; 云南种子植物名录上册796. 1984.——Staphylea indica Burm. f. Fl. Ind. 75. t. 23. f. 2. 1768.——L. umbraculifera C. B. Clarke in Journ. Bot. 19: 141. 1881; Momiyama in Hara, Fl. East. Himal. 2: 79. 1971 ——L. acuminata auct. non Wall. ex C. B. Clarke (1881): Momiyama in Ohashi, Fl. East. Himal. 3: 81. 1975. ——L. guineensis auct. non G. Don (1831): 云南种子植物名录上册796. 1984.
直立灌木。小枝圆柱形，纵棱纹钝，无毛。叶为2-3回羽状复叶，叶轴长14-30厘米，无毛，小叶椭圆形、长椭圆形或长椭圆披针形，长6-32厘米，宽2.5-8厘米，顶端渐尖或尾尖，基部圆形，稀阔楔形，边缘有不整齐或微不整齐锯齿，齿急尖，上面绿色，下面浅绿色，两面均无毛；侧脉6-11对，网脉下面明显但不突出；叶柄长13-23厘米，中央小叶柄长2-5厘米，侧生小叶柄较短，长0.2-0.5厘米，无毛；托叶阔倒卵圆形，长2.5-4.5厘米，宽2-3.5厘米，顶端圆形，无毛，与叶柄合生。花序与叶对生，复二歧聚伞花序或二级分枝集生成伞形；总花梗长1-2毫米，被褐色柔毛；小总苞片椭圆披针形，长0.8-1.3厘米，宽0.3-0.8厘米，顶端渐尖，几无毛；苞片卵椭圆披针形，长3-4毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，顶短急尖或渐尖，无毛，花后脱落；花梗长1-2毫米，被褐色短柔毛；花蕾扁圆形，高1.5-2毫米，顶端近圆形；萼筒坛状，萼片三角形，外面无毛；花冠裂片椭圆形，高1.8-2.5毫米，无毛；花冠雄蕊管长0.5-1毫米，下部管长约0.1毫米，上部管长0.3-0.7毫米，裂片长0.1-0.2毫米；雄蕊5，花丝长0.5-0.8毫米，花药椭圆形，长约0.8-1.5毫米，宽0.4-0.8毫米；子房近球形，花柱长0.5-0.7毫米，柱头微扩大。果实扁球形，高0.8-1毫米；有种子4-6颗。花期4-7月，果期8-12月。
产广东、广西、海南、贵州、云南．生山坡、溪边林下或灌丛中，海拔200-1200米。分布较广，从南亚到大洋洲北部均有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Leea indica (N. L. Burman) Merrill
火筒树 huo tong shu
Staphylea indica N. L. Burman, Fl. Indica, 75. 1768; Aquilicia sambucina Linnaeus, nom. illeg. superfl.; Leea sambucina Willdenow, nom. illeg. superfl.; L. umbraculifera C. B. Clarke.
Erect shrubs to small trees. Branchlets terete, longitudinal ridges obtuse, glabrous. Leaves 2- or 3-pinnate, glabrous; stipules broadly obovate, 2.5-4.5 × 2-3.5 cm, apex rounded, glabrous; petiole 13-23 cm, central petiolules 2-5 cm, lateral petiolules shorter, 0.2-0.5 cm, glabrous; leaf axis 14-30 cm, glabrous; leaflets elliptic, elongate elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 6-32 × 2.5-8 cm, base rounded, or rarely broadly cuneate, margin with irregular or slightly regular teeth, teeth sharp, apex acuminate or caudate; lateral veins 6-11 pairs, abaxial veinlets conspicuous but not protruding. Inflorescences opposite to leaves, compound dichasial or umbelliform; peduncle 1-2 cm, with brown hairs. Involucre elliptic-lanceolate, ca. 0.8 × 0.3-0.8 cm, apex acuminate, glabrous; bracts oval elliptic-lanceolate, 3-4 × 2.5-3 mm, apex shortly acute and acuminate, glabrous, deciduous. Pedicel 1-2 mm, ferruginous pubescent; buds 1.5-2 mm, apex suborbicular. Calyx tube urceolate; sepal triangular, glabrous. Petals elliptic, 1.8-2.5 mm, glabrous, white or greenish white. Staminodial tube 0.5-1 mm, with lower fused part 0.2-0.3 mm, upper 0.3-0.7 mm, lobes 0.1-0.2 mm. Stamens 5; filaments 0.5-0.8 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.8-1.5 × 0.4-0.8 mm. Ovary globose; style 0.5-0.7 mm; stigma expanded slightly. Berry 0.8-1 cm in diam., 4-6-seeded. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Aug-Dec. 2n = 24.
Forests, shrublands; 200-1200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia, Pacific islands].
别名：争妈;祖公柴;五指枫;蕃姿（禾/怨）;蕃姿(木+怨);蕃姿树;蕃姿楤;蕃姿葾;蕃姿;牛眼睛果;
科名：火筒树科 Leeaceae
属名：火筒树属 Leea
1.火筒树（中国树木分类学）祖公柴，五指枫（海南) 图版1：1-6
Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 14: 245. 1919 et in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 5: 123. 1927;陈嵘, 中国树木分类学757. 1937;广州植物志425. 1956; 海南植物志3: 28. 1974; Ridsdale in Blumea 22 (1): 95. f. 4: 1-7 et 8: 5. 1974. p. p.; Whitmore in Hara & Wiliams, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nep. 2: 96. 1979; 中国高等植物图鉴补编2: 367. 1983 in clavi; 云南种子植物名录上册796. 1984.——Staphylea indica Burm. f. Fl. Ind. 75. t. 23. f. 2. 1768.——L. umbraculifera C. B. Clarke in Journ. Bot. 19: 141. 1881; Momiyama in Hara, Fl. East. Himal. 2: 79. 1971 ——L. acuminata auct. non Wall. ex C. B. Clarke (1881): Momiyama in Ohashi, Fl. East. Himal. 3: 81. 1975. ——L. guineensis auct. non G. Don (1831): 云南种子植物名录上册796. 1984.
直立灌木。小枝圆柱形，纵棱纹钝，无毛。叶为2-3回羽状复叶，叶轴长14-30厘米，无毛，小叶椭圆形、长椭圆形或长椭圆披针形，长6-32厘米，宽2.5-8厘米，顶端渐尖或尾尖，基部圆形，稀阔楔形，边缘有不整齐或微不整齐锯齿，齿急尖，上面绿色，下面浅绿色，两面均无毛；侧脉6-11对，网脉下面明显但不突出；叶柄长13-23厘米，中央小叶柄长2-5厘米，侧生小叶柄较短，长0.2-0.5厘米，无毛；托叶阔倒卵圆形，长2.5-4.5厘米，宽2-3.5厘米，顶端圆形，无毛，与叶柄合生。花序与叶对生，复二歧聚伞花序或二级分枝集生成伞形；总花梗长1-2毫米，被褐色柔毛；小总苞片椭圆披针形，长0.8-1.3厘米，宽0.3-0.8厘米，顶端渐尖，几无毛；苞片卵椭圆披针形，长3-4毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，顶短急尖或渐尖，无毛，花后脱落；花梗长1-2毫米，被褐色短柔毛；花蕾扁圆形，高1.5-2毫米，顶端近圆形；萼筒坛状，萼片三角形，外面无毛；花冠裂片椭圆形，高1.8-2.5毫米，无毛；花冠雄蕊管长0.5-1毫米，下部管长约0.1毫米，上部管长0.3-0.7毫米，裂片长0.1-0.2毫米；雄蕊5，花丝长0.5-0.8毫米，花药椭圆形，长约0.8-1.5毫米，宽0.4-0.8毫米；子房近球形，花柱长0.5-0.7毫米，柱头微扩大。果实扁球形，高0.8-1毫米；有种子4-6颗。花期4-7月，果期8-12月。
产广东、广西、海南、贵州、云南．生山坡、溪边林下或灌丛中，海拔200-1200米。分布较广，从南亚到大洋洲北部均有分布。
《Flora of China》 Vol. 12 (2007)
Leea indica (N. L. Burman) Merrill
火筒树 huo tong shu
Staphylea indica N. L. Burman, Fl. Indica, 75. 1768; Aquilicia sambucina Linnaeus, nom. illeg. superfl.; Leea sambucina Willdenow, nom. illeg. superfl.; L. umbraculifera C. B. Clarke.
Erect shrubs to small trees. Branchlets terete, longitudinal ridges obtuse, glabrous. Leaves 2- or 3-pinnate, glabrous; stipules broadly obovate, 2.5-4.5 × 2-3.5 cm, apex rounded, glabrous; petiole 13-23 cm, central petiolules 2-5 cm, lateral petiolules shorter, 0.2-0.5 cm, glabrous; leaf axis 14-30 cm, glabrous; leaflets elliptic, elongate elliptic, or elliptic-lanceolate, 6-32 × 2.5-8 cm, base rounded, or rarely broadly cuneate, margin with irregular or slightly regular teeth, teeth sharp, apex acuminate or caudate; lateral veins 6-11 pairs, abaxial veinlets conspicuous but not protruding. Inflorescences opposite to leaves, compound dichasial or umbelliform; peduncle 1-2 cm, with brown hairs. Involucre elliptic-lanceolate, ca. 0.8 × 0.3-0.8 cm, apex acuminate, glabrous; bracts oval elliptic-lanceolate, 3-4 × 2.5-3 mm, apex shortly acute and acuminate, glabrous, deciduous. Pedicel 1-2 mm, ferruginous pubescent; buds 1.5-2 mm, apex suborbicular. Calyx tube urceolate; sepal triangular, glabrous. Petals elliptic, 1.8-2.5 mm, glabrous, white or greenish white. Staminodial tube 0.5-1 mm, with lower fused part 0.2-0.3 mm, upper 0.3-0.7 mm, lobes 0.1-0.2 mm. Stamens 5; filaments 0.5-0.8 mm; anthers elliptic, 0.8-1.5 × 0.4-0.8 mm. Ovary globose; style 0.5-0.7 mm; stigma expanded slightly. Berry 0.8-1 cm in diam., 4-6-seeded. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Aug-Dec. 2n = 24.
Forests, shrublands; 200-1200 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Yunnan [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; N Australia, Pacific islands].