栏目

毛叶木姜子Litsea mollis Hemsl.

毛叶木姜子Litsea mollis Hemsl.

别名:木香子;野木浆子;猴香子;毕澄茄;宁兴;大叶山苍子;山苍子;山胡椒;狗胡椒;木姜子;香桂子;清香木姜子;驱蚊树;毛木姜子;大木姜;毛木姜;野木桨子;

科名:樟科 Lauraceae

属名:木姜子属 Litsea

《中国植物志》第31卷282页
  11.毛叶木姜子(中国高等植物图鉴)大木姜(云南奕良),香桂子、野木桨子、毕澄茄(湖北),山胡椒、猴香子、木香子(四川)图版75:1
  Litsea mollis Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 383. 1891; Chun in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci Soc. China 1 (5): 60. 1925; Liou Ho, Laur. Chine etIndoch. 186. 1932 et 1934, non Litsea mollis (El.) Boerl. in Handl. Fl. Ned. Ind. 3: 141. 1900.——Litsea mollifolia Chun in Sunyatsenia 1: 236. 1934; Allen in Ann: Miss. Bot. Gard. 25: 367. 1938;中国高等植物图鉴1: 839.图1678. 1972.
  落叶灌木或小乔木,高达4米;树皮绿色,光滑,有黑斑,撕破有松节油气味。顶芽圆锥形,鳞片外面有柔毛。小枝灰褐色,有柔毛。叶互生或聚生枝顶,长圆形或椭圆形,长4-12厘米,宽2-4.8厘米,先端突尖,基部楔形,纸质,上面暗绿色,无毛,下面带绿苍白色,密被白色柔毛,羽状脉,侧脉每边6-9条,纤细,中脉在叶两面突起,侧脉在上面微突,在下面突起,叶柄长1-1.5厘米,被白色柔毛。伞形花序腋生,常2-3个簇生于短枝上,短枝长1-2毫米,花序梗长6毫米,有白色短柔毛,每一花序有花4-6朵,先叶开放或与叶同时开放;花被裂片6,黄色,宽倒卵形,能育雄蕊9,花丝有柔毛,第3轮基部腺体盾状心形,黄色;退化雌蕊无。果球形,直径约5毫米,成熟时蓝黑色;果梗长5-6毫米,有稀疏短柔毛。花期3-4月,果期9-10月。
  产广东、广西、湖南、湖北、四川、贵州、云南、西藏东部。生于山坡灌丛中或阔叶林中,海拔600-2800米。
  果可提芳香油,出油率3-5%;种子含脂肪油25%,属不干性油,为制皂的上等原料;根和果实还可入药,果实在湖北民间代山鸡椒L. cubeba (Lour.)Pers.作“毕澄茄”使用。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Litsea mollis  Hemsley J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 26: 383. 1891.
毛叶木姜子   mao ye mu jiang zi
Litsea euosma W. W. Smith; L. mollifolia Chun, nom. illeg. superfl.
Deciduous shrubs or small trees, up to 4 m tall. Young branchlets covered with pubescence. Leaves alternate or clustered at apex of branchlet; petiole 1-1.5 cm, covered with white pubescence; leaf blade oblong or elliptic, 4-12 × 2-4.8 cm, glaucous and with dense white pubescence abaxially, glabrous adaxially, pinninerved, lateral veins 6-9 pairs, base cuneate, apex abruptly acute. Umbels axillary, often 2- or 3-fascicled on short branchlets, male umbel 4-6-flowered, flowering before leaves or with leaves; peduncle ca. 6 mm, white pubescent. Male flowers: perianth segments 6, yellow, broadly obovate; fertile stamens 9; filaments pubescent, of 3rd whorls each with 2 yellow peltate-cordate glands at base; rudimentary pistil absent. Fruit globose, ca. 5 mm in diam., blue-black at maturity; fruiting pedicel 5-6 mm, sparsely pubescent. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Sep-Oct.
Thickets or broad-leaved forests on mountain slopes; 600-2800 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, E Xizang, Yunnan [N Thailand].
The fruit is processed for its aromatic oil (3%-5%). The seeds contain ca. 25% oil and are used as a main ingredient in soaps. The roots and fruit are also used medicinally.The fruit is processed for its aromatic oil (3%-5%). The seeds contain ca. 25% oil and are used as a main ingredient in soaps. The roots and fruit are also used medicinally.

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