栏目

宜昌木姜子Litsea ichangensis Gamble

宜昌木姜子Litsea ichangensis Gamble

别名:狗骨头;野胡椒子树;狗胡椒;土黄柏;山胡椒;狗酱子树;老鸦皮;狗屎木姜子;宜昌楠;狗椒子;猪木浆子;老娃皮;

科名:樟科 Lauraceae

属名:木姜子属 Litsea

《中国植物志》第31卷274页
  5.宜昌木姜子(中国高等植物图鉴)狗酱子树(湖北宣恩)图版71:3
  Litsea ichangensis Gamble in Sarg. Pl. Wils. 2: 77. 1914; Chun in Contr. Biol. Sci. Soc. China 1 (5): 58. 1925; Liou Ho, Laur. Chine et Indoch. 180. 1932 et 1934; Allen in Ann. Miss. Bot. Gard. 25: 371. 1938;中国高等植物图鉴7: 843. 图1685. 1972.
  落叶灌木或小乔木,高达8米;树皮黄绿色。幼枝黄绿色,较纤细,无毛,老枝红褐或黑褐色。顶芽单生或3个集生,卵圆形,鳞片无毛。叶互生,倒卵形或近圆形,长2-5厘米,宽2-3厘米,先端急尖或圆钝,基部楔形,纸质,上面深绿色,无毛,下面粉绿色,幼时脉腋处有簇毛,老时变无毛,有时脉腋具腺窝穴,羽状脉,侧脉每边4-6条,纤细,通常离基部第一对侧脉与第二对侧脉之间的距离较大,中脉、侧脉在叶两面微突起;叶柄长5-15毫米,纤细,无毛。伞形花序单生或2个簇生;总梗稍粗,长约5毫米,无毛;每一花序常有花9朵,花梗长约5毫米,被丝状柔毛;花被裂片6,黄色,倒卵形或近圆形,先端圆钝,外面有4条脉,无毛或近于无毛;能育雄蕊9,花丝无毛,第3轮基部腺体小,黄色,近于无柄;退化雌蕊细小,无毛;雌花中退化雄蕊无毛;子房卵圆形,花柱短,柱头头状。果近球形,直径约5毫米,成熟时黑色;果梗长1-1.5厘米,无毛,先端稍增粗。花期4-5月,果期7-8月。
  产湖北西部及西南部、四川东部及东北部、湖南西部。生于山坡灌木丛中或密林中,海拔300-2200米。
形态特征:落叶直立灌木,高1-4米。枝条细弱,圆,棕褐色。冬芽披针形,无毛。叶纸质,倒卵形,上面无毛,橄榄绿,下面色较淡,幼时被成簇的绢毛,长成时无毛,侧脉细弱,网脉稍显,下面脉腋有腺体,叶柄细弱,无毛。花序伞形,总梗粗,总苞片早落,雄花序苞片圆形,雌花序总苞片卵圆
用    途:果可提芳香油。
分    布:产神农架各地。
生    境:生长于海拔900-2000米的山坡或沟谷林中、灌木丛中。
繁殖方式:播种繁殖。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Litsea ichangensis  Gamble in Sargent Pl. Wilson. 2: 77. 1914.
宜昌木姜子   yi chang mu jiang zi
Deciduous shrubs or small trees, up to 8 m tall. Branchlets glabrous. Leaves alternate; petiole 5-15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade obovate or rotund, 2-5 × 2-3 cm, glaucous, barbate in axils of veins, and becoming glabrous abaxially, glabrous adaxially, sometimes glandular-domed in axils of veins abaxially, pinninerved, lateral veins 4-6 pairs, base cuneate, apex acute or rounded-obtuse. Umbels solitary or 2-fascicled, male umbel 9-flowered; peduncle ca. 5 mm, glabrous. Pedicel ca. 5 mm, sericeous-pubescent. Perianth segments 6, yellow, obovate or rotund, 4-nerved outside. Male flowers: fertile stamens 9; filaments glabrous, of 3rd whorls each with 2 yellow small glands at base; rudimentary pistil small, glabrous. Fruit subglobose, ca. 5 mm in diam., black at maturity; fruiting pedicel 1-1.5 cm, glabrous, slightly thickened at apex. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul-Aug.
● Thickets, dense forests on mountain slopes; 300-2200 m. SW and W Hubei, W Hunan, E and NE Sichuan.

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