栏目

山鸡椒Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.

山鸡椒Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.

别名:litsea;野樟;串干树;臭樟子;澄茄子;澄茄;唱仔木;筚澄茄;香叶;华澄茄;野胡椒;香叶子柴;雪白;过山香;香叶子树;青檀树;香叶子;毕澄茄;辣姜子;香树子;蚊姜树;豆豉姜;木香子;木薑子;木姜;大筑子皮;朗子树;典樟;辣鼻子;结澄茄;鸡骨香;猴香子;赶狗樟;青皮树;豆豉羌;马樟子;山辣;沙亥腾;山苍子;山苍树;荜澄茄;臭籽;赛樟树;雷公叶;山姜子;山香树;四松;乌肉肉桂;香籽;雪百;椒花;歪歪子树;粉果木;豆鼓姜;山樟;山香椒;山香根;木姜子;山椒子;山胡椒;山姜;山苍籽;香叶子樰;沙海藤;沙海芚;山番椒;山花子;山乌樟;山(艹/仑)子;山苍子树;赛梓树;

科名:樟科 Lauraceae

属名:木姜子属 Litsea

《中国植物志》第31卷271页
  3.山鸡椒(中国高等植物图鉴)山苍树(广东、广西、湖南、江西、四川、云南),木姜子(广西、江西、四川),毕澄茄、澄茄子(江苏、浙江、四川、云南),豆豉姜、山姜子(广东),臭樟子、赛梓树(福建),臭油果树(云南),山胡椒(台湾植物志)
  Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Syn. 2: 4. 1807; Chun in Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, 1 (5): 57. 1925; Liou Ho, Laurac. Chine Indoch. 184. 1932 et 1934; Allen in Ann. Miss. Bot. Gard. 25: 368. 1938; 陈嵘, 中国树木分类学ed.2, 363. 1957; H. L. Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan 216. 1964; 海南植物志1: 289. 1964; 中国高等植物图鉴1: 840.图1680. 1972; C. E. Chang in Fl. Taiwan 2; 439. pl.360. 1976.——Laurus cubeba Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 252. 1790.
形态特征:落叶灌木或小乔木,高8-10米。树皮幼时黄绿色,老时灰褐色,无毛。叶互生,纸质,有香气,披针形或长圆状披针形,长7-11厘米,宽1.4-2.4厘米,先端渐尖,基部楔形,全缘,上面深绿色,下面被粉,苍白色,无毛;叶柄长6-12毫米。花单性,雌雄异株;伞形花序,先叶开放或叶同时开放;总花梗细弱,有花4-6朵;花被片6,椭圆形,黄绿色;能育雄蕊9枚,花药4室,内向瓣裂;雌花有退化雄蕊9枚,子房上位,球形;柱头宽盾状。浆果近球形,黑色,有芳香,无毛。花期4月,果期6-7月。
分    布:恩施、宜昌、咸宁
生    境:海拔500-1500米的山坡杂林中
繁殖方式:种子
习    性:阳生
药用部位:果实、叶
药用功能:温中散寒、行气止痛
药用主治:呕吐、寒疝腹痛

《Flora of China》 Vol. 7 (2008)
Litsea cubeba  (Loureiro) Persoon Syn. Pl. 2: 4. 1807.
山鸡椒   shan ji jiao
Deciduous shrubs or small trees, 8-10 m tall. Branchlets glabrous or sericeous-pubescent. Leaves alternate; petiole 6-20 mm, glabrous; leaf blade lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic, 4-11 × 1.1-2.4 cm, glabrous on both surfaces or sericeous-pubescent abaxially, glaucous and sericeous-pubescent when young abaxially, lateral veins 6-16 pairs, base cuneate, apex acuminate or acute. Umbels solitary or clustered, 4-6-flowered, flowering before leaves or with leaves; peduncle 2-10 mm, reflexed or straight, glabrous or sericeous-pubescent. Male flowers: perianth segments 6, broadly ovate; fertile stamens 9; filaments hairy below middle, of 3rd whorls each with 2 shortly stipitate glands at base; rudimentary pistil glabrous. Fruit subglobose, ca. 5 mm in diam., black at maturity; fruiting pedicel 2-4 mm. Fl. Feb-Mar, fr. Jul-Aug.
Sunny slopes, thickets, sparse forests, roadsides, watersides; 300-3200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [S and SE Asia].

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