石生鸡脚参Orthosiphon marmoritis (Hance) Dunn
别名:熊尾草;当芽;两广直管花;山薄荷;蛇头花;
科名:唇形科 Labiatae
属名:鸡脚参属 Orthosiphon
《中国植物志》第66卷572页
2.石生鸡脚参 山薄荷、蛇头花(广西),当芽(广西全县)
Orthosiphon marmoritis (Hance) Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 7: 154. 1913; in ibid. 6: 135. 1915; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 115. 1929; Doan in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 938. 1936——Plectranthus marmoritis Hance in Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 12: 53. 1874; Maxim. in Mel. Biol. Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 9: 456. 1877; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 272. 1890; Dunn et Tutch. in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 1912: 208, 1912——Orthosiphon sinensis Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 268. 1890; Dunn et Tutch. in 1. c. 207. 1912.
多年生草本。茎直立,具分枝,分枝纤细,茎、枝四稜形,具浅槽及条纹,被腺短硬毛,节间比叶短许多。叶卵形至阔卵形,长2-5厘米,宽1.2-3.8厘米,先端近急尖,基部楔形或阔楔形,边缘具圆齿状锯齿,近基部全缘,纸质,上面榄绿色,下面较淡,两面被短硬毛及金色腺点,侧脉4-5对,弧形,与中脉在两面微隆起,平行网脉下面多少显著;叶柄长1.8-2.8厘米,扁平,被短硬毛。轮伞花序具4-6花,组成疏而纤细的总状花序;苞片小,卵圆形,长2.5毫米,宽1.5毫米,先端短渐尖,具5条纵脉,下面被短硬毛,上面无毛,具小缘毛;花梗细瘦,花时长2.5-3毫米,果时伸长,长达5毫米,与序轴密被腺短柔毛。花萼玫红色,宽管状,长约6.5毫米,宽约1.5毫米,外面被短硬毛,具脉,内面无毛,二唇形,上唇宽圆形,边缘下延,下唇具4齿,前2齿钻形,侧2齿三角形,先端均刺状,前2齿较侧2齿长近一倍,果时花萼增大,长近1厘米,微向上弯,坚硬,脉纹明显,上唇外反。花冠白色,长约1.5厘米,外被微柔毛及腺点,内无毛环,冠筒狭,微弯,基部宽不及1毫米,自中部以上渐宽,至喉部宽约2.5毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇长约1.5毫米,宽大,具4圆裂片,下唇倒卵状匙形,长3毫米,宽2.5毫米,全缘,内凹。雄蕊4,微露出,前对稍长,花丝分离,花药汇合成1室。花柱与雄蕊近相等,先端头状,微凹。花盘前方膨大。小坚果近三棱状卵珠形,锈色,具小疣,无毛。花期7-8月,果期8月以后。
产广东,广西;生于阴处岩石上或路旁。老挝,越南也有。模式标本采自广东肇庆七星岩。
形态特征:多年生草本。茎直立,具分枝,分枝纤细,茎、枝四棱形,具浅槽及条纹,被腺短硬毛,节间比叶短许多。叶卵形至阔卵形,长2—5厘米,宽1.2—3.8厘米,先端近急尖,基部楔形或阔楔形,边缘具圆齿状锯齿,近基部全缘,纸质,上面榄绿色,下面较淡,两面被短硬毛及金色腺点,侧脉4—5对,弧形,与中脉在两面微隆起,平行网.脉下面多少显著;叶柄长1.8—2.8厘米,扁平,被短硬毛。轮伞花序具4—6花,组成疏而纤细的总状花序;苞片小,卵圆形,长2.5毫米,宽1.5毫米,先端短渐尖,具5条纵脉,下面被短硬毛,上面无毛,具小缘毛;花梗细瘦,花时长2.5—3毫米,果时伸长,长达5毫米,与序轴密被腺短柔毛。花萼玫红色,宽管状,长约6.5毫米,宽约1.5毫米,外面被短硬毛,具脉,内面无毛,二唇形,上唇宽圆形,边缘下延,下唇具4齿,前2齿钻形,侧2齿三角形,先端均刺状,前2齿较侧2齿长近一倍,果时花萼增大,长近1厘米,微向上弯堰硬,脉纹明显,上唇外反。花冠白色,长约1.5厘米,外被微柔毛及腺点,内无毛环,冠筒狭,微弯,基部宽不及1毫米,自中部以上渐宽,至喉部宽约2.5毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇长约1.5毫米,宽大,具4圆裂片,下唇倒卵状匙形,长3毫米,宽2.5毫米,全缘,内凹。雄蕊4,微露出,前对稍长,花丝分离,花药汇合成1室。花柱与雄蕊近相等,先端夕状,微凹。花盘前方膨大。小坚果近三棱状卵珠形,锈色,具小疣,无毛。花期7—8月,果期8月以后。
产地分布:产广东,广西;生于阴处岩石上或路旁。老挝,越南也有。模式标本采自广东肇庆七星岩。
参考文献:Orthosiphonmarmoritis(Hance)DunninNotesBot.Gard.Edinburgh7:154.1913;inibid.6:135.1915;KudoinMem.Fac.Sci.Agr.TaihokuUniv.2:115.1929;DoaninLecte.Fl1.Gen.Indo-Chine4:938.1936——PlectranthusmarmoritisHanceinJourn.Bot.Brit.&For.12:53.1874;Maxim.inMel.Biol.Bull.Acad.SciSt.Petersb.9:456.1877;Hemsl.inJourn.Linn.Soc.Bot.26:272.1890;Duma,etTutch.inKewBull.Misc.Inf.Add.Ser.1912:208.1912——OrthosiphonsinendsHemsl.inJourn.Linn.Soc.Bot.26:268.1890;DumaetTutch.in1.c.207.1912.
《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Orthosiphon marmoritis (Hance) Dunn
石生鸡脚参 shi sheng ji jiao shen
Plectranthus marmoritis Hance, J. Bot. 12: 53. 1874; Orthosiphon sinensis Hemsley.
Herbs perennial. Stems erect, glandular hispidulous, branches slender, internodes short. Petiole 1.8-2.8 cm; leaf blade ovate to broadly ovate, 2-5 × 1.2-3.8 cm, papery, minutely hispid, golden glandular, base cuneate, margin crenate-serrate, entire near base, apex subacute. Thyrses lax, slender; bracts ovate, ca. 2.5 × 1.5 mm, margin ciliolate, apex short acuminate. Pedicel 2.5-3 mm in flower, to 5 mm in fruit. Calyx rose, broadly tubular, ca. 6.5 × 1.5 mm, minutely hispid; upper lip circular, teeth spinescent; anterior teeth subulate, ca. 2 × as long as triangular lateral teeth; fruiting calyx ca. 1 cm, slightly curved upward, rigid, conspicuously veined, upper lip reflexed. Corolla white, ca. 1.5 cm, puberulent, glandular; tube narrow, slightly curved, base less than 1 mm wide, gradually dilated above middle, to 2.5 mm wide at throat; upper lip ca. 1.5 mm, 4-lobed; lower lip obovate-spatulate, ca. 3 × 2.5 mm. Stamens slightly exserted, anterior 2 slightly longer. Nutlets subtriquetrous, ovoid, rust colored. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep.
* Rocky shady areas. Guangdong, Guangxi.