栏目

夏至草Lagopsis supina (Steph. ex Willd.) Ik.-Gal. ex Knorr.

夏至草Lagopsis supina (Steph. ex Willd.) Ik.-Gal. ex Knorr.

别名:兴托里尕保;白花夏姑草;白花夏至草;查干-西莫体格;假茺蔚;坤草;抽风草;风轮草;白花益母草;白花夏枯;白花益母;灯龙棵;风车草;灯笼棵;白花夏枯草;套来音-奥如乐;野益母草;小益母草;夏枯草;益母草;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:夏至草属 Lagopsis

《中国植物志》第65(2)卷256页
  3. 夏至草 灯笼棵(江苏邳县),夏枯草(滇南本草),白花夏枯、白花益母(云南各地)图版52
  Lagopsis supina (Steph.) Ik. -Gal. ex Knorr. in Fl. URSS 20: 250. 1954; H. W. Li in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 12 (2): 195. 1974——Leonurus supinus Steph. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 116. 1800——Marrubium incisum Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 586. 1836; et in DC. Prodr. 12: 447. 1848; Maxim. in Mem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. Sav. Etrang. 9: 476. 1859; Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: 11. 1882; Kanitz in Bot. Res. Szech. Centr. Asia Exp. 9. 1889; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 299. 1890; Komarov in Act. Hort. Petrop. 25: 349. 1907; Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 285, 314. 1912; Dunn in ibid. 6: 178. 1915; Liu, Chihli Fl. 150. 1928; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 247. 1929; 孙雄才, 科学社生物所论文集 7: 19. 1932; Hand. -Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 9: 77. 1934, Symb. Sin. 7: 915. 1936; Kitagawa, Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 387. 1939——Marrubium supinum (Willd.) Hu ex Pei, 科学社生物所论文集10: 53. 1935, notl Linn. 1753.
  多年生草本,披散于地面或上升,具圆锥形的主根。茎高15-35厘米,四棱形,具沟槽,带紫红色,密被微柔毛,常在基部分枝。叶轮廓为圆形,长宽1.5-2厘米,先端圆形,基部心形,3深裂,裂片有圆齿或长圆形犬齿,有时叶片为卵圆形,3浅裂或深裂,裂片无齿或有稀疏圆齿,通常基部越冬叶远较宽大,叶片两面均绿色,上面疏生微柔毛,下面沿脉上被长柔毛,余部具腺点,边缘具纤毛,脉掌状,3-5出;叶柄长,基生叶的长2-3厘米,上部叶的较短,通常在1厘米左右,扁平,上面微具沟槽。轮伞花序疏花,径约1厘米,在枝条上部者较密集,在下部者较疏松;小苞片长约4毫米,稍短于萼筒,弯曲,刺状,密被微柔毛。花萼管状钟形,长约4毫米,外密被微柔毛,内面无毛,脉5,凸出,齿5,不等大,长1-1.5毫米,三角形,先端刺尖,边缘有细纤毛,在果时明显展开,且2齿稍大。花冠白色,稀粉红色,稍伸出于萼筒,长约7毫米,外面被绵状长柔毛,内面被微柔毛,在花丝基部有短柔毛;冠筒长约5毫米,径约1.5毫米;冠檐二唇形,上唇直伸,比下唇长,长圆形,全缘,下唇斜展,3浅裂,中裂片扁圆形,2侧裂片椭圆形。雄蕊4,着生于冠筒中部稍下,不伸出,后对较短;花药卵圆形, 2室。花柱先端2浅裂。花盘平顶。小坚果长卵形,长约1.5毫米,褐色,有鳞粃。花期3-4月,果期5-6月。
  产黑龙江,吉林,辽宁,内蒙古,河北,河南,山西,山东,浙江,江苏,安徽,湖北,陕西,甘肃,新疆,青海,四川,贵州,云南等地;为一杂草,生于路旁、旷地上,在西北、西南各省区海拔可高达2600米以上。苏联西伯利亚,朝鲜也有。模式标本采自苏联西伯利亚东部。
  云南有些地方用全草入药,据云功用同益母草。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Lagopsis supina  (Stephan ex Willdenow) Ikonnikov Galitzky ex Knorring
夏至草   xia zhi cao
Leonurus supinus Stephan ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 116. 1800; Marrubium incisum Bentham.
Stems purplish, few, 15-35 cm tall, densely puberulent. Petiole 2-3 cm basally, ca. 1 cm upward; leaf blade circular, 1.5-2 × 1.5-2 cm, adaxially sparsely puberulent, abaxially glandular, villous on veins, 3-lobed or 3-partite, lobes entire to oblong-dentate, basal lobes much larger, ciliate, base cordate. Verticillasters widely spaced, few flowered, ca. 1 cm in diam., lax basally, compact upward; bracteoles ca. 4 mm, curved, spinelike, densely puberulent. Calyx tubular-campanulate, ca. 4 mm, densely puberulent; teeth triangular, unequal, 1-1.5 mm, margin finely ciliate, apically spiny, distinctly spreading, 2 teeth slightly larger in fruit. Corolla white, rarely rose, slightly exserted, ca. 7 mm, lanate-villous; tube ca. 5 × 1.5 mm; upper lip straight, longer than lower lip, oblong, margin entire; lower lip obliquely spreading, middle lobe oblate, lateral lobes elliptic. Nutlets brown, oblong-ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm, scaly. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. May-Jun.
A weed in open waste areas; 0-2600 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Mongolia, Russia]
Used medicinally.

《全国中草药汇编》:夏至草


【拼音名】 Xià Zhì Cǎo
【别名】 小益母草、白花夏枯、灯笼棵
【来源】 唇形科夏至草属植物夏至草Lagopsis supina (Steph.)IK.-Gal. [Marrubium incisum Benth.]的全草。夏至前采收,晒干或鲜用。
【性味】 微苦,平。有小毒。
【功能主治】 养血调经。用于贫血性头晕,半身不遂,月经不调。
【用法用量】 3~4钱,水煎服,或熬膏剂服。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》
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