栏目

光泽锥花Gomphostemma lucidum Wall.

光泽锥花Gomphostemma lucidum Wall.

别名:咸鱼郎树;瓜子菜;光泽椎花;碱鱼郎树;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:锥花属 Gomphostemma

《中国植物志》第65(2)卷110页
  8.光泽锥花 咸鱼郎树(广东海南)
  Gomphostemma lucidum Wall. Cat. n. 2156. 1830, nom. nud.; ex Benth. in Wall Pl. Asiat. Bar 2: 12. 1831, Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 648. 1836, et in DC. Prodr. 12: 551. 1848; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 697. 1885; Prain in Ann Bot. Gard. Calcutta 3: 263, 1891; Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 190. 1915; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ. 2: 273. 1929 Doan in Lecte. Fl. Gen. Indo-Chine 4: 1033. 1936.
形态特征:草本或小灌木,粗壮,直立。茎高至1,5米,上部钝四棱形,槽不明显,被污黄色星状毡毛,下部几圆柱形,木质,粗糙,或被有残存的星状毡毛。叶长圆形,倒卵状椭圆形至倒披针形,长19—21厘米,宽3—9厘米,先端渐尖至钝,基部楔形或钝,边缘具粗齿或不明显的细齿,草质,上面干时暗褐色,粗糙,被短硬毛或短硬毛及混生的星状短硬毛,老叶的网脉下陷,下面密被污黄色星状绒毛,叶柄长1—3厘米,腹平背凸,毛被同于叶背。聚伞花序腋生,短而密集,多花,几无梗;苞片及小苞片线状披针形至线形,长7—10毫米,宽1—2毫米。花萼花时钟形,长9—10毫米,径5—6毫米,外面密被星状绒毛,10肋异常明显,萼齿三角形,长2—3毫米,先端具短针尖,果时花萼增大,破裂。花冠白色至浅黄色,长约3.5厘米,外面被微柔毛,内面在冠筒有尘状毛侧裂片长4.5毫米,宽6.5毫米。雄蕊与上唇等长,花丝扁平,边缘膜质,有微毛。花柱纤细,先端不相等2浅裂,基部与子房连着处有纤毛。花盘杯形,微斜。小坚果4枚均成熟,白色,干后土黄色,扁倒卵形,长4.5—5.5毫米,宽3.5—4毫米,粗糙,有残存星状毛。花期4—7月或延至10月到翌年1月。侧裂片长4.5毫米,宽6.5毫米。雄蕊与上唇等长,花丝扁平,边缘膜质,有微毛。花柱纤细,先端不相等2浅裂,基部与子房连着处有纤毛。花盘杯形,微斜。小坚果4枚均成熟,白色,干后土黄色,扁倒卵形,长4.5—5.5毫米,宽3.5—4毫米,粗糙,有残存星状毛。花期4—7月或延至10月到翌年1月。
产地分布:产广东南部,广西南部,云南东南部及南部;生于沟谷密林中,海拔140—1100米。印度,缅甸,泰国,老挝,越南也有。模式标本采自缅甸。
参考文献:GomphostemmalueidumWall.Cat.n.2156.1830,nom.hud.;exBenth.inWall.Pl.Asiat.Rar2:12.1831,Labiat.Gen.etSp.648.1836,etinDC.Prodr.2:551.1848;Hook.f.FlBrit.Ind.4:697.1885;PraininAnnBot,Gard.Calcutta3:263.1891;DunninNotesBot.Gard.Edinburgh6:190.1915;KudoinMem.Fac.Sci.Agr.TaihokuUniv.2:273.1929;DoaninLecte.Fl.Gen.Indo—Chine4:1033.1936.
本系概述:Ser.LucidaPraininAnn.Bot.Gard.Calcutta3:259.1891.花序为腋生聚伞花序,短而密集,几无梗;花萼具明显的肋,筒内被疏的长硬毛,齿内被密的长硬毛;子房被蓬乱的毛。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Gomphostemma lucidum  Wallich ex Bentham
光泽锥花   guang ze zhui hua
Herbs or shrubs, erect, robust. Stems to 1.5 m tall, apically tawny stellate lanate, basally scabrid or sparsely stellate lanate. Petiole 1-3 cm; leaf blade 19-21 × 3-9 cm, abaxially densely gray or tawny stellate tomentose, base cuneate or obtuse, margin coarsely serrate to inconspicuously serrulate, apex acuminate to obtuse. Cymes axillary, crowded, many flowered, subsessile; bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate to linear, 7-10 × 1-2 mm. Calyx campanulate, 9-10 × 5-6 mm, densely stellate tomentose, dilated and eventually splitting in fruit; teeth triangular, 2-3 mm, apically short needlelike. Corolla white to yellowish, ca. 3.5 cm, puberulent; tube ca. 2 mm wide at base, ca. 10 mm wide at throat; upper lip straight, circular, ca. 6.5 × 7.5 mm; lower lip ca. 10 mm, middle lobe circular, ca. 5 mm in diam., lateral lobes ca. 4.5 × 6.5 mm. Nutlets 4, compressed obovoid, 4.5-5.5 × 3.5-4 mm, white, tawny when dry, scabrid, covered with sparse, stellate hairs. Fl. Apr-Jul and Oct-Jan.
Densely forested valleys, grassy streamside slopes; 100-1400 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan [India, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam]

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