栏目

异叶香薷Elsholtzia heterophylla Diels

异叶香薷Elsholtzia heterophylla Diels

别名:凤尾茶;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:香薷属 Elsholtzia

《中国植物志》第66卷335页
  21.异叶香薷 图版70:3-4
  Elsholtzia heterophylla Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 231. 1912; 7: 64. 313, 357. 1912-13; Dunn in ibid. 6: 148, 152. 1915; Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Fort. Gothob. 9: 91. 1934; 13: 355. 1939, in clavi.
  草本,高0.3-0.8米,具纤细匍匐枝及密集的须根。茎劲直,暗紫色,钝四稜形,具浅槽,疏被白色具节疏柔毛。叶两型,匍匐枝上的叶小,宽椭圆形或近圆形,长0.2-0.6厘米,宽0.2-0.4厘米,边缘疏生钝齿,具短柄;茎上叶披针形或椭圆形,长1.3-2.6厘米,宽0.3-0.7厘米,两端渐尖,边缘具浅锯齿或圆齿状锯齿,干时略向下面反卷,上面沿中脉上被小疏柔毛,下面除中脉及侧脉被疏柔毛外余部密布凹陷腺点,侧脉4对,与中脉在上面凹陷下面隆起,叶柄极短或近无柄。穗状花序单生于茎顶,圆柱形,长2.5-4厘米,开花时宽达1.8厘米;苞片覆瓦状排列,紧密,宽扇形,宽6-8毫米,先端具短突尖或钝,干膜质,脉纹明显,带紫色,两枚连合成杯状。花萼管状,长3.5-4毫米,外面被疏柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,萼齿披针形,约等于花萼长1/3。花冠玫瑰红紫色,长10-12毫米,外面疏被柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,冠筒自基部向上逐渐扩大,至喉部宽达2.5毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇直立,先端微缺,下唇开展,3裂,中裂片边缘啮蚀状,侧裂片全缘。雄蕊4,伸出,前对较长,花丝无毛,花药卵圆形,2室。花柱超出雄蕊之上,先端不相等2浅裂,裂片钻形。小坚果长圆形,长约1.5毫米,棕黑色,光滑。花、果期10-12月。
  产云南;生于村旁、田边、沼泽及河沟附近,海拔1200-2400米。缅甸北部也有。模式采自缅甸北部。
  全草入药,功用近东紫苏。
形态特征:草本,高0.3—0.8米,具纤细匍匐枝及密集的须根。茎劲直,暗紫色,钝四棱形,具浅槽,疏被白色具节疏柔毛。叶两型,匍匐枝上的叶小,宽椭圆形或近圆形,长0.2—0.6厘米,宽0.2—0.4厘米,边缘疏生钝齿,具短柄;茎上叶披针形或椭圆形,长1.3—2.6厘米,宽0.3—0.7厘米,两端渐尖,边缘具浅锯齿或圆齿状锯齿,干时略向下面反卷,上面沿中脉上被小疏柔毛,下面除中脉及侧脉被疏柔毛外余部密布凹陷腺点,侧脉4对,与中脉在上面凹陷下面隆起,叶柄极短或近无柄。穗状花序单生于茎顶,圆柱形,长2.5—4厘米,开花时宽达1.8厘米;苞片覆瓦状排列,紧密,宽扇形,宽6—8毫米,先端具短突尖或钝,干膜质,脉纹明显,带紫色,两枚连合成杯状。花萼管状,长3.5—4毫米,外面被疏柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,萼齿披针形,约等于花萼长1/3。花冠玫瑰红紫色,长10—12毫米,外面疏被柔毛及腺点,内面无毛,冠筒自基部向上逐渐扩大,至喉部宽达2.5毫米,冠檐二唇形,上唇直立,先端微缺,下唇开展,3裂,中裂片边缘啮蚀状,侧裂片全缘。雄蕊4,伸出,前对较长,花丝无毛,花药卵圆形,2室。花柱超出雄蕊之上,先端不相等2浅裂,裂片钻形。小坚果长圆形,长约1.5毫米,棕黑色,光滑。花、果期10—12月。
用    途:全草人药,功用近东紫苏。
产地分布:产云南;生于村旁、田边、沼泽及河沟附近,海拔1200—2400米。缅甸北部也有。模式采自缅甸北部。
参考文献:ElsholtziaheterophyllaDielsinNotesBot.Gard.Edinburgh5:231.1912;7:64.313,357.1912——13;Dunninibid.6:148,152.1915;Hand.-Mazz.inAct.Hort.Gothob.9:91.1934;13:355.1939,inclavi.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Elsholtzia heterophylla  Diels
异叶香薷   yi ye xiang ru
Herbs stoloniferous, 30-80 cm tall. Stolons slender. Stems dark purple, sparsely pilose. Stolon leaves short petiolate, broadly elliptic to subcircular, 2-6 × 2-4 mm, margin remotely obtuse serrate; stem leaves short petiolate or subsessile, lanceolate to elliptic, 1.3-2.6 cm × 3-7 mm, finely pilose on veins, densely impressed glandular abaxially, base attenuate, margin shallowly serrate to crenate-serrate, apex acuminate. Spikes solitary, terminal, cylindric, 2.5-4 × to 1.8 cm in flower; bracts densely overlapping, broadly flabellate, 6-8 mm wide, scarious, united at base into a cup, apex mucronate to obtuse, conspicuously veined, purplish. Calyx tubular, 3.5-4 mm, pilose and glandular outside, glabrous inside; teeth lanceolate, ca. 1/3 as long as calyx. Corolla rose-purple, 1-1.2 cm, pilose and glandular outside, glabrous inside; tube funnelform, throat to 2.5 mm wide; upper lip emarginate; middle lobe of lower lip erose, lateral lobes entire. Nutlets brown-black, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm, smooth. Fl. and fr. Oct-Dec.
Near villages, field margins, streamsides, marshes; 1200-2400 m. Yunnan [Myanmar].

TOP