栏目

密花香薷Elsholtzia densa Benth.

密花香薷Elsholtzia densa Benth.

别名:密香薷;萼果香薷;矮株密花香薷;密穗香薷;切如木波;野香薷;那林-昂给鲁日-其其格;落花香薷;密花香蕾;蜜花香薷;蜜蜂草;细穗香薷;香茹;臭香茹;息肉巴;蟋蟀巴;香薷;细穗密花香薷;土香薷;香菜;臭香薷;野紫苏;咳嗽草;偏头草;

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:香薷属 Elsholtzia

《中国植物志》第66卷332页
  9.密花香薷 咳嗽草(四川峨眉),野紫苏(四川马尔康),臭香茹(四川洪源),媳蟋巴(四川甘孜)
  Elsholtzia densa Benth. Labiat. Gen. et Sp. 714. 1835; in Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 127, t. 131. 1844; in DC. Prodr. 12: 162. 1848; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 645. 1885; briq. in Engl. u. prantl, Nat. pflanzefam. 4,3a: 327. 1897; Hand.-Mazz. in Act. Hort. Gothob. 13: 355, 357. 1939; Mukerj. Lab. Ind. 91. 1940; Walker in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 28: 656. 1941; Volkova in Fl. URSS 21: 636. 1954; Murata in Act. Phytotax. Geobot 19: 70. 1960; et in Kitamura, Pl. W. Pakist. & Afgan. 126. 1964; Hedge in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 27: 156. 1967; Murata in Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 24: 80. 1969, excl. syn. E. calycocarpa Diels et E. ianthina(Maxim. ex Kanitz)Dunn ——Dysophylla ianthinus Maxim. ex Kanitz in Magy Tud. Ak. Ertek. XIII, 2: 2. 1885, nom.; in Wiss. Ergeb. Reise Szechenyi 2: 726. 1890——Pogostemon ianthinus(Maxim. ex Kanitz)Levl. in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov. 9: 219. 1911, p. p. quoad pl. Przewalski ——Platyelasma densum(Benth. ) Kitagawa in Rep. First Sci. Exped. Manch. IV, 2: 25. 1933——Elsholtzia eriostachya auct. non Benth. : Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 152. 1915, quoad specim. Ridley H. F. , Soulie 93 et Pratt 884.
形态特征:草本,高20—60厘米,密生须根。茎直立,自基部多分枝,分枝细长,茎及枝均四棱形,具槽,被短柔毛。叶长圆状披针形至椭圆形,长1—4厘米,宽0.5—1.5厘米,先端急尖或微钝,基部宽楔形或近圆形,边缘在基部以上具锯齿,草质,上面绿色下面较淡,两面被短柔毛,侧脉6—9对,与中脉在上面下陷下面明显;叶柄长0.3—1.3厘米,背腹扁平,被短柔毛。穗状花序长圆形或近圆形,长2—6厘米,宽1厘米,密被紫色串珠状长柔毛,由密集的轮伞花序组成;最下的一对苞叶与叶同形,向上呈苞片状,卵圆状圆形,长约1.5毫米,先端圆,外面及边缘被具节长柔毛。花萼钟状,长约1毫米,外面及边缘密被紫色串珠状长柔毛,萼齿5,后3齿稍长,近三角形,果时花萼膨大,近球形,长4毫米,宽达3毫米,外面极密被串珠状紫色长柔毛。花冠小,淡紫色,长约2.5毫米,外面及边缘密被紫色串珠状长柔毛,内面在花丝基部具不明显的小疏柔毛环,冠筒向上渐宽大,冠檐二唇形,上唇直立,先端微缺,下唇稍开展,3裂,中裂片较侧裂片短。雄蕊4,前对较长,微露出,花药近圆形。花柱微伸出,先端近相等2裂。小坚果卵珠形,长2毫米,宽1.2毫米,暗褐色,被极细微柔毛,腹面略具棱,顶端具小疣突起。花、果期7—10月。
用    途:西藏代香薷用,兼可外用于脓疮及皮肤病。
产地分布:产河北,山西,陕西,甘肃,青海,四川,云南,西藏及新疆;生于林缘、高山草甸、林下、河边及山坡荒地,海拔1800—4100米。阿富汗,巴基斯坦,尼泊尔,印度,锡金,苏联也有。模式标本采自喜马拉雅山区。
参考文献:ElsholtziadensaBenth.Labiat.Gen.etSp.714.1835;inJacquem.Voy.Bot.127,t131.1844;inDC.Prodr,12:162.1848;Hook.f.Fl.Brit.Ind.4:645.1885;briq.inEngl.u.prantl,Nat.pflanzefam.4,3a:327.1897;Hand.-Mazz,inAct.Hart.Gothob.13:355,357.1939;Mukerj.Lab.Ind.91.1940;WalkerinContr.U.S.Nat.Herb.28:656.1941;volkovainFl.URSS21:636.1954;MuratainAct.Phytotax.Geobor.19:70.1960;etinKitamura,Pl.W.Pakist.&Afgan.126.1964;HedgeinNotesBot.Gard.Edinburgh27:156.1967;MuratainAct.Phytotax,Geobot.24:80.1969,excl.syn.E.calycocarpaDielsetE.ianthina(Maxim.exKanitz)Dunn——DysophyliaianthinusMaxim.exKanitzinMagyTud.Ak.Ertek.XIII,2:2.1885,nom.;inWiss.Ergeb.ReiseSzechenyi2:726.1890——Pogostemonianthinus(Maxim.exKanitz)levl.inFedde,Repert.Sp.Nov.9:219.1911,p.P.quoadpl.Przewalski---Platyelasmadensum(Benth.)KitagawainRep.FirstSci.Exped.Manch.IV,2:25.1933——Elsholtziaeriostachyaauct.nonBenth.:DunninNotesBot.Gard.Edinburgh6:152.1915,quoadspecim.RidleyH.F,Soulie93etPratt884.
亚组概述:Subsect.Platyelasmeae(Briq.)C.Y.WuetS.C.HuanginAct.Phytotax.Sin.12(3):344.1974——51.PlatyelasmeaeBriq.inEngl.U.Prantl.Nat.Pflanzenfam.43a:327.1897.苞片宽卵形或近圆形;小坚果暗黑色,无光泽。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Elsholtzia densa  Bentham
密花香薷   mi hua xiang ru
Dysophylla ianthina Maximowicz ex Kanitz; Elsholtzia calycocarpa Diels; E. densa var. calycocarpa (Diels) C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. densa var. ianthina (Maximowicz ex Kanitz) C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. ianthina (Maximowicz ex Kanitz) Dunn; E. manshurica (Kitagawa) Kitagawa; Platyelasma calycocarpum (Diels) Kitagawa; P. densum (Bentham) Kitagawa; P. manshuricum Kitagawa.
Herbs erect. Stems 20-60 cm tall, much branched from base, pubescent. Petiole 3-13 mm, pubescent; leaf blade lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 1-4 × 0.5-1.5 cm, her-baceous, pubescent, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin serrate except for entire base, apex acute to slightly obtuse. Spikes cylindric to subglobose, 2-6 × 1 cm, densely purple moniliform villous; verticillasters dense; bracts ovate-orbicular, ca. 1.5 mm, apex rounded, villous. Calyx campanulate, ca. 1 mm, purple moniliform villous; teeth subtriangular, posterior slightly longer; fruiting calyx subglobose, ca. 4 × 3 mm, margin and teeth reflexed. Corolla purplish, ca. 2.5 mm, densely purple moniliform villous outside, obscurely pilose annulate inside, tube funnelform, upper lip emarginate, middle lobe of lower lip slightly shorter than lateral lobes. Anterior stamens slightly exserted. Nutlets dark brown, ovoid, ca. 2 × 1.2 mm, apex tuberculate, finely puberulent, adaxially slightly ribbed. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Forest margins, alpine meadows, hills, waste areas, riverbanks, forests; 1000-4100 m. Gansu, Hebei, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan [Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan]
Used medicinally.

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