栏目

毛喉鞘蕊花Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq.

毛喉鞘蕊花Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq.

科名:唇形科 Labiatae

属名:鞘蕊花属 Coleus

《中国植物志》第66卷538页
  1.毛喉鞘蕊花 图版 114: 7
  Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq. in Engl. u. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4,3a: 359. 1897; Mukerj. in Rec. Bot. Sur. Ind. 14: 53. 1940; Murata in Hara. Fl. E. Himalaya 273. 1966; in ibid 2nd Rep. 114. 1971; et in Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 24(3): 78. 1969——Plectranthus forskohlii Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 169. 1800; Bot. Mag. t. 2036. 1819——Plectranthus barbatus Andr. Bot. Reg. t. 594. 1809 ——Coleus barbatus(Andr. ) Benth. in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 15. 1831; et in DC. Prodr. 12: 71. 1848; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 625. 1885.
  直立或上升草本。茎粗壮,高约40厘米,钝四稜形,具四槽,分枝,被开展的长柔毛,在上部较密。叶卵圆形,先端钝或急尖,基部宽楔形,骤然渐狭下延至叶柄,边缘具圆齿,近肉质,两面密被绒毛状柔毛,侧脉约4对,与中脉在两面平坦;叶柄长约1.5厘米或更短,腹平背凸,密被绒毛状柔毛。轮伞花序具6花,多数排列成长达11厘米的总状花序;苞片宽卵圆形,先端尾状急尖,膜质,外被疏的腺点及微柔毛,边缘有缘毛,无柄,开花时脱落。花萼钟形,长约6毫米,密被长柔毛,萼齿5,后齿增大,心形,先端短尖,其余4齿钻状披针形,侧齿较短。花冠紫蓝色,长12-15毫米,外被疏腺点,下弯,喉部增大,冠檐二唇形,上唇4浅裂,裂片不相等,下唇延长,长圆形,凹陷,舟状。雄蕊4,近外伸或内藏,花丝在中部以下合生成鞘。花柱超出雄蕊,先端相等2浅裂,裂片线形。花盘前方膨大。小坚果圆形,压扁状。花期9月。
  产云南东北部(东川)。生于旷野山坡上,海拔2300米。印度,斯里兰卡,尼泊尔,不丹及热带非洲也有。模式标本采自热带非洲。云南标本比印度产的花较短。
形态特征:直立或上升草本。茎粗壮,高约40厘米,钝四棱形,具四槽,分枝,被开展的长柔毛,在上部较密。叶卵圆形,先端钝或急尖,基部宽楔形,骤然渐狭下延至叶柄,边缘具圆齿,近肉质,两面密被绒毛状柔毛,侧脉约牛对,与中脉在两面平坦;叶柄长约1.5厘米或更短,腹平背凸,密被绒毛状柔毛。轮伞花序具6花,多数排列成长达11厘米的总状花序;苞片宽卵圆形,先端尾状急尖,膜质,外被疏的腺点及微柔毛,边缘有缘毛,无柄,开花时脱落。花萼钟形,长约6毫米,密被长柔毛,萼齿5,后齿增大,心形,先端短尖,其余斗齿钻状披针形,侧齿较短。花冠紫蓝色,长12—15毫米,外被疏腺点,下弯,喉部增大,冠檐二唇形,上唇牛浅裂,裂片不相等,下唇延长,长圆形,凹陷,舟状。雄蕊4,近外伸或内藏,花丝在中部以下合生成鞘。花柱超出雄蕊,先端相等2浅裂,裂片线形。花盘前方膨大。小坚果圆形,压扁状。花期9月。
用    途:云南标本比印度产的花较短。
产地分布:产云南东北部(东川)。生于旷野山坡上,海拔2300米。印度,斯里兰卡,尼泊尔,不丹及热带非洲也有。模式标本采自热带非洲。
参考文献:Coleusforskohlii(Willd.)Briq.inEngl.u.Prantl,Nat.Pfianzenfam.4,3a:359.1897;Mukerj.inRec.Bot.Sur.Ind.14:53.1940;MuratainHara.Fl.E.Himalaya273.1966;inibid2ndRep.114.1971;etinAct.Phytotax.Geobot.24(3):78.1969——PlectranthusforskohliiWilld.Sp.Pl.3:169.1800;Bot.Mag.t.2036.1819——PlectranthusbarbatusAndr.Bot.Reg.t594.1809——Coleusbarbatus(Andr.)Benth,inWall.Pl.Asiat.Rar.2:15.1831;etinDC.Prodr.12:71.1848;Hook.f.Pl.Brit.Ind.4:625.1885.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Coleus forskohlii  (Willdenow) Briquet
毛喉鞘蕊花   mao hou qiao rui hua
Plectranthus forskohlii Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 169. 1800; Coleus barbatus (Andrews) Bentham; P. barbatus Andrews.
Herbs erect or ascending. Stems robust, ca. 40 cm, branched, spreading villous, densely so at apex. Petiole ca. 1.5 cm or less; leaf blade ovate, 7.5-13 × 4.5-7 cm, densely tomentose-villous, base abruptly attenuate, margin crenate, ± succulent, apex obtuse to acute. Racemes to 11 cm, verticillasters 6-flowered; bracts sessile, broadly ovate, membranous, margin ciliate, apex caudate-acute, sparsely glandular and puberulent outside, deciduous in flower. Calyx campanulate, ca. 6 mm, densely villous, throat closed by villous hairs in fruit; teeth subulate-lanceolate, posterior tooth cordate, apex acute, lateral teeth shorter. Corolla purple-blue, 1.2-1.5 cm, sparsely glandular outside, recurved, throat dilated, upper lip unequally 4-lobed; lower lip oblong, concave. Stamens nearly exserted or included; filaments connate forming a sheath for ca. 1/2 its length. Nutlets globose, flattened. Fl. Sep.
Slopes; ca. 2300 m. Yunnan (Dongchuan) [Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka; Africa].

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