紫背金盘Ajuga nipponensis Makino

别名：白毛夏枯草;散淤草;地龙胆;癞菜;花药;散瘀草;紫背玉盘;紫背筋骨草;夏枯草;见血青;矮生紫背金盘;日本筋骨草;破血草;白头翁;鲜白毛串;筋骨草;日夏桂草;石灰菜;泽兰;止血草;紫背金盘草;白毛筋骨草;紫参;退血草;走游草;散血草;破血丹;

科名：唇形科 Labiatae

属名：筋骨草属 Ajuga

《中国植物志》第65(2)卷076页
  15. 紫背金盘（植物名实图考）破血丹、石灰菜、散血草、退血草、筋骨草（中国药用植物图鉴，第二册），见血青、白头翁（江西），白毛夏枯草（浙江、江苏）
  Ajuga nipponensis Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 23: 67. 1909, Ill. Fl. Jap. 2: (198). 1924; Matsum. Ind. Fl. Jap.: 526. 1912; Kudo in Mem. Fac. Sci. Agr. Taihoku Univ.: 289. 1929; Ohwi, Fl. Jap. 996. 1956——Ajuga argyi Levl. Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 6: 194. 1915, pro syn.——Ajuga matsumurana Kudo in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 3: 225. 1931; Mori in Masam. Short Fl. Eormos. 182. 1936——A. pallescens Price et Metcalf in Lingn. Sci. Journ. 13: 135. 1934, non est A. genevensis Linn. var. pallescens Maxim., p. p.——Ajuga genevensis auct. non Linn.: Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12: 596. 1848, quoad pl. a Forrune lect.; Maxim. Mel. Biol. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 11: 815, 1883, quoad pl. a Fortune lect., et in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. 29: 185. 1884; Hemsl. in Journ Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 315. 1890, quoad pl. Fortune. et Hance.; Matsum. et Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 22: 319. 1906; Matsuda in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 25: 95. 1911, 26: 134, 342. 1912, 27: 274. 1913; Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Fdinburgh 6: 195. 1915; Diels in Fedde, Repert. Sp. Nov, Beih. 12: 475. 1922; 孙雄才, 科学社生物所论文集 7: 13. 1932——Ajuga genevensis Linn. var. pallescens auct. non Maxim.: Diels in Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 29: 550. 1900; Matsuda in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 20: (142). 1906.——Ajuga decumbens auct. non Thunb.: Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26: 315. 1890; Dunn et Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 212. 1912; Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 193. 1915, p. p.; 孙雄才, 科学社生物所论文集10: 52. 1935 et auct. plur.——Ajuga remota auct. non Benth.: Dunn in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 6: 195. 1915, p. p.——Ajuga labordei auct. non Vaniot: Migo in Journ. Jap. Bot. 14: 283. 1938.
形态特征：一年或二年生草本。叶片宽椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形，被疏糙毛。轮伞花序下部者远隔，向上渐密集成顶生假穗状花序；小坚果卵圆状三棱形，合生面达果轴长3/5。
分    布：江南各省区
生    境：草地、林内及阳坡
繁殖方式：种子
习    性：阳生
药用部位：全草
药用功能：肺热咯血
药用主治：镇痛、散血、内服消各种炎症。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 17 (1994)
Ajuga nipponensis  Makino
紫背金盘   zi bei jin pan
Ajuga decumbens Thunberg var. pallescens (Maximowicz) Handel-Mazzetti; A. genevensis Linnaeus var. pallescens Maximowicz; A. labordei Vaniot; A. matsumurana Kudo; A. nipponensis Makino var. pallescens (Maximowicz) C. Y. Wu & C. Chen; A. pallescens Price & Metcalf.
Herbs annual or biennial. Stems rarely prostrate or ascending, (8-)10-20 cm or more tall, villous or pilose, base purplish. Basal leaves absent or few; petiole 1-1.5 cm, to 2.5 cm in basal leaves, narrowly winged, sometimes purplish green; leaf blade obovate, broadly elliptic to subcircular or spatulate, 2-4.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, sparsely strigose or pilose, base cuneate-decurrent, margin dentate to undulate-crenate, ciliate, apex obtuse. Verticillasters many flowered, apical ones in crowded terminal spikes; apical floral leaves bractlike, ovate to broadly lanceolate, 0.8-1.5 cm, margin entire to incised. Calyx campanulate, 3-5 mm, villous apically and on margin; teeth triangular, to 1/2 as long as calyx, apically acuminate. Corolla bluish or blue-purple, rarely whitish, with dark lines, tubular, (6-)8-11 mm, base slightly swollen, sparsely pubescent, villous annulate inside; upper lip straight, 2-lobed; middle lobe of lower lip flabellate, with apex truncate to emarginate, lateral lobes narrowly oblong. Nutlets areole to 3/5 as long as adaxial side of nutlet. Fl. Apr-Jun (E China), Dec-Mar (SW China), fr. Jan-May.
Field margins, wet areas on grasslands, sunny slopes, forests; 100-2300 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangzi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea]
A folk remedy for traumatic injuries and inflammation caused by various diseases.