栏目

大果马蹄荷Exbucklandia tonkinensis (Lec.) Steenis

大果马蹄荷Exbucklandia tonkinensis (Lec.) Steenis

别名:小刀树;东京白克木;马蹄荷;白克木;合掌木;宽幡;

科名:金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae

属名:马蹄荷属 Exbucklandia

《中国植物志》第35(2)卷043页
  3. 大果马蹄荷 海南植物志 图版8
  Exbucklandia tonkinensis (Lec.) Steenis in Blumea 7: 595, 1954, in obs.; 张宏达, 中山大学学报, 1959, 第2期, 32页。
  常绿乔木,高达30米,嫩枝有褐色柔毛,老枝变秃净,节膨大,有环状托叶痕。叶革质,阔卵形,长8-13厘米,宽5-9厘米,先端渐尖,基部阔楔形,全缘或幼叶为掌状3浅裂,上面深绿色,发亮,下面无毛,常有细小瘤状突起,掌状脉3-5条,在上面很显著,在下面隆起;叶柄长3-5厘米,初时有柔毛,以后变秃净;托叶狭矩圆形,稍弯曲,长2-4厘米,宽8-13毫米,被柔毛,早落。头状花序单生,或数个排成总状花序,有花7-9朵,花序柄长1-1.5厘米,被褐色绒色。花两性,稀单性,萼齿鳞片状;无花瓣;雄蕊约13个,长约8毫米;子房有黄褐色柔毛,花柱长4-5毫米。头状果序宽3-4厘米,有蒴果7-9个;蒴果卵圆形,长1-1.5厘米,宽8-10毫米,表面有小瘤状突起;种子6个,下部2个有翅,长8-10毫米。
  分布于我国南部及西南各省的山地常绿林,包括福建、江西及湖南的南部,广东(海南岛),广西,云南的东南部;同时亦见于越南的北部地区。它具有较大的蒴果,果皮表面常有小瘤状突起,叶的基部楔形,容易和其他两个国产种类区别。
  这个种在海南岛多分布于海拔1500米的山地雨林,在南岭山地则多见于800-1000米的山地常绿林及山谷低坡处。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 9 (2003)
Exbucklandia tonkinensis  (Lecomte) H. T. Chang
大果马蹄荷   da guo ma ti he
Bucklandia tonkinensis Lecomte, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 30: 392. 1924; Symingtonia tonkinensis (Lecomte) Steenis.
Trees to 30 m tall; young branches brown pubescent, glabrescent. Stipules narrowly oblong, 2–4 × 0.8–1.3 cm, puberulent; petiole 3–5 cm, glabrescent; leaf blade broadly ovate or sometimes palmately 3-lobed in young leaves, 8–13 × 5–9 cm, dark green, abaxially glabrous and tuberculate, adaxially shiny, base broadly cuneate, margin entire or palmately 3-lobed in young leaves, apex acuminate, palmately 3–5-veined. Inflorescences capitate, sometimes arranged in racemes; heads 7–9-flowered; peduncle 1–1.5 cm, brown tomentose. Petals absent. Stamens ca. 13, ca. 8 mm. Ovary yellow-brown pubescent; styles 4–5 mm. Capsules ovoid, 10–15 × 8–10 mm, tuberculate. Seeds 6, winged at lower part, 8–10 mm. Fl. May–Jul, fr. Aug–Sep.
Slopes and valleys in evergreen forests; 800--1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S Hunan, Jiangxi, SE Yunnan [Laos, N Vietnam].
This combination was first published by Steenis (Blumea 7: 595. 1954), but not validly, because the place of publication of the basionym, as required by the ICBN since 1953 (St. Louis Code, Art. 33.3), was not cited.

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